Файл: Учебное пособие 2 по английскому языку Для студентов лечебного и педиатрического факультета (2 семестр) 2020 год.doc

XI. Make the word combinations using words from the columns:

microscopic medium

host parasite

papilloma stain

infectious bacteria

medical organism

pathogenic response

liquid disease

obligate virus

gram microbiology
XII. Read the following sentences and choose a correct word:

1. 
   Microbiology\virologyof microscopic organisms.
   
2. 
   Viruses\fungi are in some ways similar to plants.
   
3. 
   Fungi do not contain organelles\chlorophyll and thus cannot carry out photosynthesis.
   
4. 
   Healthy bacteria\ pathogenic bacteria protect us against infections and play a role in digesting our food. Bacteria have a variety of sizes\shapes, including spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), and spirals (spirilla).
   
5. 
   The field of study in which viruses are investigated is called mycology\virology.
   
6. 
   Parasites\prions are the simplest infectious agents, even smaller than viruses.
   
7. 
   Pathogens\obligate parasites are identified by the hosts they infect and the symptoms they cause.
   

XIII. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from Word Bank:

Word bank: infectious disease, organisms, host, microbes, classification, type, processes, scientists, conditions, infection.

Microorganisms and their activities are vitally important to virtually all _______________on Earth. Microbiology is the study of microscopic________________, or microbes. This discipline is concerned with the structure, function, and _______________ of microorganisms. There are many different ways in which ________________have classified the millions of _________________in our environment: the presence of a cell, the __________of cell, the terms of the physical ________________required for growth. Microbes causing _______________________ mainly studied by the medical microbiology are parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses and prions. Pathogens are identified by the _____________ they infect and the symptoms they cause. The more virulent a pathogen, the fewer the number needed to establish an___________________.

XIV.Read the text and retell it in short.

Discovery and Development of Penicillin

Penicillin was first discovered in 1928 and is now the most widely used antibiotic in the world.

It heralded the dawn of the antibiotic age. Before its introduction there was no effective treatment for infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea or rheumatic fever. It was not until 1928 that penicillin, the first true antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming, Professor of Bacteriology at St. Mary's Hospital in London. At the time, Fleming was experimenting with the influenza virus in the Laboratory of the Inoculation Department at this hospital. Returning from holiday on September 3, 1928, Fleming began to sort through Petri dishes containing colonies of Staphylococcus, bacteria that cause boils, sore throats and abscesses. He noticed something unusual on one dish. It was dotted with colonies, save for one area where a blob of mold was growing. The zone immediately around the mold—later identified as a rare strain of Penicillium notatum—was clear, as if the mold had secreted something that inhibited bacterial growth. Fleming found that his "mold juice" was capable of killing a wide range of harmful bacteria, such as streptococcus, meningococcus and the diphtheria bacillus. He then set his assistants, Stuart Craddock and Frederick Ridley, the difficult task of isolating pure penicillin from the mold juice. It proved to be very unstable, and they were only able to prepare solutions of crude material to work with. Fleming published his findings in the British Journal of Experimental Pathology in June 1929, with only a passing reference to penicillin's potential therapeutic benefits. This at least was of practical benefit to bacteriologists, and kept interest in penicillin going. Others, including Harold Raistrick, Professor of Biochemistry at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, tried to purify penicillin but failed. Fleming stopped studying penicillin in 1931.

It was Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and their colleagues at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University who turned penicillin from a laboratory curiosity into a life-saving drug. Their work on the purification and chemistry of penicillin began in earnest in 1939, just when wartime conditions were beginning to make research especially difficult. In 1940, Florey carried out vital experiments, showing that penicillin could protect mice against infection from deadly Streptococci. Then, on February 12, 1941, a 43-year old policeman, Albert Alexander, became the first recipient of the Oxford penicillin. He had scratched the side of his mouth while pruning roses, and had developed a life-threatening infection with huge abscesses affecting his eyes, face, and lungs. Penicillin was injected and within days he made a remarkable recovery. But supplies of the drug ran out and he died a few days later. Better results followed with other patients though and soon there were plans to make penicillin available for British troops on the battlefield.

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Further, the research work on this antibiotics and promoting of penicillin production moved to the USA. The drug was shown to be effective in the treatment of a wide variety of infections, including streptococcal, staphylococcal and gonococcal infections. The United States Army established the value of penicillin in the treatment of surgical and wound infections. According to records, there were only 400 million units of penicillin available during the first five months of 1943; by the time World War II ended.

In 1945 Alexander Fleming, Howard Florey, and Ernst Chain were awarded the Nobel Prize for their penicillin research. The discovery and development of penicillin was a milestone in twentieth century pharmaceutical chemistry.
Listening
XV. Watch the video ‘What is a Virus\Breakthrough’ and answer the questions

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kufvGibHWTM

• 
  What kind of virus is Ebola?
  
• 
  How is Ebola virus transmitted?
  
• 
  What viruses kill more people they infect – flu viruses or filoviruses?
  
• 
  What microorganism does the Lab deal with? Why is it the most dangerous place on Earth?
  

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XVI.Watch the video ‘Zoo of Microorganisms &Netherlands’ and answer the questions:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQtIK_LpMhA

• 
  What microorganisms are shown in the video? Try to name them.
  
• 
  Why are microorganisms important for our life?
  

LESSON 19

Grammar: Function of ‘one’, Revision Present Participle, Past Participle

Outpatient Care

I. Answer the questions:

1. Can you give the definition of ‘Outpatient Care’?

2. Have you ever visited a doctor at the policlinic? What was the reason?

3. Were you satisfied with doctor’s visit? What did you feel? (nervous, calm, irritated, etc.)?

Word building

Noun Suffix– ology, - ologist, - ics, - ician
Names of specialties usually and in suffix – ology; names of specialists end in suffix – ologist: dermatology – dermatologist. If the name of a specialty ends in suffix – ics, the name of the specialist ends in suffix – ician: obstetrics – obstetrician. There are some exceptions: anaesthetics - anaesthetists.

Remember: therapy – therapist, surgery – surgeon, dentistry – dentist.

II. Read and translate the words of Latin-Greek origin

ambulatory [`xmbjqlqtrI], basis [`beIsIs], diagnosis [,daIqg`nqusIs] (pl. diagnoses [,daIqg`nqusJz]), observation [,Obzq`veISn], rehabilitation [‘rJq,bili’teiSqn], technology [tek’nOlqGi], procedure [prq’sJGq], asthma [‘qesmq], diabetes [,dQiq’bJtJz], anesthesiologist [,qenisTizi’OlqGist], neurologist [njuq’rOlqGist], dermatologist [,dWmq’tOlqGist], ophthalmologist [,OfTqel’mOlqGist], organizational [,LgqnQi’zeiSqnql], associated [q’souSieitid], routine [rH’tJn], service [‘sWvis], chronic [`krOnIk], assistance [q`sIstns], therapy [`TerqpI], pharmacy [`fRrmqsI], hospitalization [,hOspitqlQi’zeiSn]
Active vocabulary

outpatient care (ambulatory care [,xmbjqlqtrI) - амбулаторное лечение, амбулаторная помощь

medical care - медицинское обслуживание, медицинская помощь

to observe [qb`zWv] - наблюдать, замечать

acute [q`kjHt]- острый, сильный, пронзительный

preventive health care [prI,ventIv] - профилактика здоровья

to include [In`klHd] - включать в себя, охватывать

condition [kqn`dISn] - состояние, условие

to prevent [prI`vent]– предупреждать, проводить профилактику

hospital admission [qd,mISn] – поступление в больницу

follow-up [`fOlquAp] – последующее наблюдение врача, диспансерное наблюдение

physician [fI`zISn] – врач, терапевт

to see a patient [`peISnt]– принимать пациента

house call [`haus,kLl]– вызов врача на дом

to make an appointment [q`pOIntmqnt] - записываться на приём к врачу

referral [rI`f E:rql] – направление к врачу-специалисту

doctor's office [`OfIs]– кабинет врача

urgent care center [`WdZqnt `keq] - центр неотложной помощи

to evaluate [I`vxljueIt] - оценивать, определять

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severe [sI`vIq]- острый, тяжёлый, серьёзный

complication [,kOmplI`keISn] – осложнение (вследствие заболевания)

general medical practice [`dZenqrql , `prxktIs] - врачебная практика

general practitioner [prxk`tISqnq] - врач общей практики, терапевт

to provide ambulatory care [prq`vaId ,xmbjqlqtqrI] - предоставлять уход за амбулаторными пациентами

walk-in clinic [`wLk,In] - клиника, обслуживающая без предварительной записи

injury [`IndZqrI] –повреждение

medical record [`rekLd] – медицинская карта, медицинская документация

to offer [`Ofq] – предлагать, оказывать

staff [stRf]– штат сотрудников

internal medicine [In,tWnql] – медицина внутренних болезней, терапия

registered nurse [`redZIstqd ,nWs] – младшая медсестра

nurse practitioner [prxk`tISqnq] – практикующая медсестра

clinical nurse specialist [`speSqlIst]– частнопрактикующая медсестра - специалист

disease management [mxnIdZment] - ведение больного, управление течением заболевания

emergency [I`mE:dZnsI] - неотложная помощь

major [`meIdZq] - важный, главный, старший
Useful vocabulary

acute care [q`kjHt] (emergency [I`mE:dZnsI])- неотложная помощь, скорая медицинская помощь

minor surgical procedure [`maInq ,sE:dZIkql prq`sJdZq] – малая операция (осуществляемая амбулаторно)

doctor's visit (physician office visit [fI`zISn]) – визит к врачу, посещение врача

health care facility [fq`sIlqtI] - учреждение здравоохранения

to make a referral [rI`f E:rql] – выдать направление к врачу-специалисту

to deliver [dI`lIvq]– проводить, предоставлять

OB\GYN [`qubI,dZIn]– obstetrics\gynecology – акушерство\гинекология

to run [`rAn] - управлять

healthcare service provider [sWvIs prq,vaIdq] – поставщик медицинских услуг (доктор, больница)

overnight [,quvq`naIt] - на ночь

to present with [prIz`ent] (symptoms) - получить консультацию и пройти первичный осмотр по поводу….. (у врача), обратиться к врачу по поводу…..

III. Read and translate the following word combinations

to care – health care – medical care, to provide - provided - providing, to diagnose - diagnosis - diagnostic - diagnostics, to observe–observation, to prevent - preventive - prevention, emergency - emergency department, the patient - outpatient, a health condition - conditions of the environment, to follow up - the follow-up – follow-up patient, clinic – polyclinic – clinician, nurse – registered nurse - the nursing, to manage -management, to practice - medical practice - general practitioner, to injure - injured - injury.

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IV. Read and translate the following word combinations

medical care provided on an outpatient basis, minor surgical and medical procedures, to get health advice or treatment for a symptom or condition, to present with ambulatory care, to prevent or reduce the need for hospital admission, one or more planned revisits for follow-up, to see 50-100 patients per week, to evaluate and treat conditions, to provide surgery services, to cover the primary healthcare needs of populations, a general medical practice, the major surgical and pre- and post-operative care facilities, advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases, a network of clinics staffed by a group of general practitioners and nurses.
Grammar
V. Define the function of one and translate the sentences

1. The specialty hospital may provide the same procedures or slightly more complex ones. 2. One can describe ambulatory care nursing as a comprehensive practice which is built on a broad knowledge base of nursing and health sciences. 3. Urgent medical conditions are ones that are not considered emergencies but still require care within 24 hours. 4. One has shown that outpatient surgery is as safe as or safer than inpatient one. 5. In some university cities, polyclinics contain outpatient departments for the entire teaching hospital in one building. 6. One knows that all physicians of the same specialty in the same group are considered as one when providing services to patients. 7. Ambulatory Surgery Centers may perform surgeries in several specialties or specialize in their services to one specialty, such as eye care or sports medicine.

VI. Read and translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to Present and Past Participle:

1. Outpatient care or ambulatory care is medical care provided on an outpatient basis, including diagnosis, observation, consultation, treatment, intervention, and rehabilitation services. 2. This care includes advanced medical technologies and procedures. 3. A lot of medical investigations and treatments for acute and chronic illnesses and preventive health care can be performed on an ambulatory basis, including minor surgical and medical procedures, most types of dental services, and many types of diagnostic procedures. 4. Physicians of many specialties deliver ambulatory care, including specialists in family medicine, internal medicine, OB\GYN, cardiology, ophthalmology. 5. The telemedicine-based follow-up is feasible and safe for the evaluation of early postoperative complications. 6. Ambulatory care includes those clinical, organizational and professional activities engaged in by registered nurses with and for individuals, groups, and populations who seek assistance with improving health and/or seek care for health-related problems. 7. There are many different types of clinics providing outpatient services. 8. Specialist clinic provides advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases or parts of the body. 9. Ambulatory surgery clinic offers outpatient or same day surgery services, usually for surgical procedures less complicated than those requiring hospitalization, including diagnostic and preventive procedures.

Reading
VII. What facts are true?

1. Hospital refers to outpatient care.

2. Outpatient care is provided on an outpatient basis.

3. A physician sees each patient for 13-16 minutes.

4. The service ‘a house call’ is available for everybody.

5. Doctor's office is the most common site for the delivery of ambulatory care.
VIII. Read the text and check your predictions:

Outpatient care facilities

Outpatient care or ambulatory care is medical care provided on an outpatient basis, including diagnosis, observation, consultation, treatment, intervention, and rehabilitation services. This care includes advanced medical technologies and procedures. A lot of medical investigations and treatments for acute and chronic illnesses and preventive health care can be performed on an ambulatory basis, including minor surgical and medical procedures, most types of dental services, and many types of diagnostic procedures. Other types of ambulatory care services include emergency visits, rehabilitation visits, and in some cases telephone\on-line consultations.

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