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Дроби

Простые дроби (fractions) в английском языке часто пишутся словами и через дефис, если в числителе или знаменателе не используется свой дефис. Для числителя (numerator) используются количественные числительные, а для знаменателя (denominator)

– порядковые.

• 
  1/2 – one-half, a half (0.5)
  
• 
  1/100 – one-hundredth (0.01)
  
• 
  1/5 – one-fifth
  
• 
  1/1000 – one-thousandth
  
• 
  2/7 – two-seventh
  
• 
  44/73 – forty-four seventy-third
  
• 
  27/100 – twenty-seven hundredth
  
• 
  6 целых 15/19 – six and fifteen-nineteenth
  

Десятичные дроби (decimals) в английском языке читаются с помощью слова point (точка), после которой все цифры читаются отдельно. Это правило не относится к счету денег.

0.2 – zero point two (point two)

• 
  1.05 – one point zero five
  
• 
  0.25 – zero point two five (point two five)
  
• 
  3.005 – three point zero zero five
  
• 
  120.85 – one hundred twenty point eight five
  
• 
  13.445 – thirteen point four four five
  

Проценты

Проценты (percentages) в английском языке обозначаются словом percent (процент). После числительных слово percent никогда не принимаетокончаниемножественногочисла-s, так как с французского языка это слово дословно переводится как «из сотни», «на сотню».

• 
  1% – one percent
  
• 
  10% – ten percent
  
• 
  255% – two hundred fifty-five percent
  
• 
  30.55% – thirty point five five percent
  

Деньги

Для счета денег в английском языке сначала произносится число, а потом название валюты. Если число состоит из десятичной дроби, то произносится целая часть, название валюты, после которой десятичная часть (копейки) произносится как обычное число. В конце может добавляться название монеты, если оно существует.

• 
  $2 – two dollars
  
• 
  €14,99 – fourteen euros ninety nine (cents, euro cents)
  
• 
  £204 – two hundred and four pounds
  
• 
  ₴167 – one hundred and sixty seven hryvnias
  
• 
  ₱25.15 – twenty five roubles and fifteen kopecks
  
• 
  ¥10 000 – ten thousand yen
  

Арифметические действия

При арифметических действиях глаголtobeили to equal (равняться) в большинстве случаев употребляется в форме единственного числа.

• 
  2 + 1 = 3 – two plus one is three.
  
• 
  5 – 4 = 1 – five minus four equals one.
  
• 
  20 х 2 = 40 – twenty multiplied by two is forty.
  
• 
  30 : 6 = 5 – thirty divided by six equals five. В случае сложения глагол может стоять также в форме множественного числа. Также может использоваться глагол to make.
  
• 
  3 + 21 = 24 – three and twenty-one are twenty-four.
  
• 
  5 + 100 = 105 – five plus hundred equal one hundred five.
  
• 
  7 + 3 = 10 – seven and three make ten.
  

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6) Решите тест

1. You are … who asks me this stupid question.

1. 
   fifth
   
2. 
   the fiveth
   
3. 
   five
   
4. 
   the fifth
   

2. Read the decimal - 2.07

1. 
   two zero seven
   
2. 
   two point zero seven
   
3. 
   two point o seven
   
4. 
   two point nil seven 3. Read the year - 1008
   

1. 
   one hundred eight
   
2. 
   one thousand and eight
   
3. 
   ten o eight 4. Read the year - 1896
   

1. 
   one thousand eight hundred and ninety-six
   
2. 
   eighteen ninety-six
   
3. 
   eighteen and ninety six
   

5.Two … of my income I spend on my pet’s food.

1. 
   twelve
   
2. 
   twelves
   
3. 
   twelfths
   
4. 
   twelfth
   

6. This bouquet costs … dollars!

1. 
   two hundred
   
2. 
   two hundred of
   
3. 
   two hundreds
   

7. Personally, I prefer music of …

1. 
   the nineteen seventeens
   
2. 
   nineteen seventys
   
3. 
   the nineteen seventies
   

8. Have you ever experienced love … ?

1. 
   at the first sight
   
2. 
   at first sight
   
3. 
   first sight
   

9. I need … of your annual turnover

1. 
   three-nineths
   
2. 
   three-nine
   
3. 
   three-ninths 10. … can save the situation.
   

1. 
   ten percents
   
2. 
   ten percent
   

УРОК 8 LESSON 8

Computer in modern life. Derivative pronouns some, any, no, every.

1.Прочтите текст, постарайтесь понять общее содержание.

2.Переведите текст исползуя словарь данные ниже. (перевод не записывать) Text

Computers have had a great impact on society. Today computers are constantly becoming a part of everyday life. Computers are used in everything from the home PC or laptop to appliances such as microwaves and even our cars. Not only have computers had a great impact on our everyday life, but also on education and the workplace. Computers are used in our appliances, mobile phones, entertainment devices (such as DVD players) and others. It is almost impossible to get through one day without having some form of interaction with computers.

The Internet has had a huge impact on society. It provides information and services, as well as the ability to communicate people all around the world in variety of ways. These range from bulletin boards and chat rooms to voice conversations and video conferencing.

Around the world, the Internet is available to millions of people. Those who don’t have computer or access to the Internet at home will often have access at work or school, or even at the local library. Another added bonus of the Internet is that the majority of the information and services available are free.

The use of computers for educational purposes has been highly beneficial for those involved. From a primary school level, children are taught the basics of computer use, including the Internet. At high school, this continues as children become more and more proficient in using the computer.

It is a tertiary level though, that computers really come into use. News, assignments, tests, lecture notes etc. can be placed on the Internet for students who live in remote areas and cannot travel to and from university or other tertiary institution each day. The idea of remote learning can also be applied to a primary school level.

Computers impact every part of our lives. From the home, to the workplace and in education, computers aid us to do what we want. In general, computers are beneficial to the tasks they are applied to. Although computers can cause some problems, such as unemployment and computer viruses, these are far outweighed by the benefits computers provide. Because of this, computers and technology will continue to have an increasing effect on society.

New words

PC (personalcomputer) – персональный компьютер laptop - ноутбук appliance – прибор, устройство microwave – микроволновая печь entertainment devices – развлекательные устройства interaction – взаимодействие service – услуга bulletin board – доска объявлений chat room - чат

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video conferencing – видеоконференция available – доступный

remote learning – дистанционное обучение unemployment – безработица

3.Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. 
   Have computers become an integral part of our life?
   
2. 
   Where are computers used?
   
3. 
   What types of appliances can computers be used in?
   
4. 
   What is the Internet?
   
5. 
   How can the Internet be useful for you?
   
6. 
   What kinds of services does the Internet provide?
   
7. 
   Where can we get access to the Internet?
   
8. 
   Is all the information available in the Internet free?
   
9. 
   How are children taught to use the computer?
   
10. 
    How can computer be useful education?
    
11. 
    What are the disadvantages of computer?
    
12. 
    Does computer continue to have an increasing impact on society?
    

4.Верные/неверные высказывания.

1. 
   Society is much influenced by computers at present time.
   
2. 
   You can find computers everywhere, even in your car.
   
3. 
   Computers can be operated by microwaves.
   
4. 
   DVD player is an entertainment device.
   
5. 
   The Internet is a source of information only.
   
6. 
   You can’t watch people and hear their voices trough the Internet.
   
7. 
   You can get access to the Internet at the local library.
   
8. 
   Not all the information and services available are free.
   
9. 
   Children are taught the basics of computer use at a primary school level.
   
10. 
    Computers can be used in education at a distance.
    
11. 
    The biggest problem with the computer is poor eyesight.
    
12. 
    There are more advantages thаn disadvantages with computers.
    

5. Прочитайте и запомните

Derivative pronouns some, any, no, every.

Указатели количества Some (any) в английском языке.

Правило 1. Указатели количества some (any) употребляются, как с исчисляемыми, так и с неисчисляемыми существительными и показывают, что предметов несколько (немного).

ПРИМЕРЫ

I have some books. – У меня есть несколько книг.

I have some coffee. – У меня есть немного кофе.

* * *

Правило 2. Местоимения some употребляется при НАЛИЧИИ некоторого количества предметов (вещества). При отсутствии употребляется отрицательное местоимение no.

ПРИМЕРЫ

I have no books. – У меня нет книг.

I have no coffee. – У меня нет кофе.

Правило 3. no = not any, при этом вариант с any используется для усиления.

ПРИМЕРЫ

I have no dog. = I have not got any dog.

У меня нет собаки. = У меня нет никакой собаки.

There is no money on the table. = There is not any money on the table.

На столе нет денег. = На столе нет никаких денег.

Правило 4. Местоимение some используется в утвердительных (+), а any в отрицательных (-) и вопросительных предложениях.

СРАВНИТЕ

• 
  There are some English books in my bag.
  
• 
  Are there any French books in your bag?
  
• 
  There aren’t any French books in my bag.
  

•

Запомните: Would you like some tea? – Не хотите ли выпить чаю? (просьба)

6. Вставьте something (anything, nothing) или somebody (anybody/ nobody)или everybody (everything/ everywhere) по смыслу.

1. 
   I am afraid he knows _____ about it.
   
2. 
   Is there______in the basket? — No, it’s empty.
   
3. 
   I’ve prepared______for dinner which you’ll like very much.
   
4. 
   I know ____ who can help you.
   
5. 
   Is there_____ here who can speak Japanese?
   
6. 
   There was ____ in the room. It was dark.
   
7. 
   The room was full. _____ was present at the meeting.
   
8. 
   Her student has an excellent memory. She remembers ___________ .
   

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7.Вставьте something (anything, nothing) или somebody (anybody/ nobody) или everybody (everything/ everywhere) по смыслу.

1. 
   I want to tell you____.
   
2. 
   My husband can’t teach his son _________.
   
3. 
   My husband taught his son __________ he knows.
   
4. 
   We can start. ____ was ready for the party.
   
5. 
   There is __________ in the room, I heard voices.
   
6. 
   There is __________ in the room, it was empty.
   
7. 
   I can’t find my book. I looked for it _________.
   
8. 
   I read all the text but can’t understand ________.
   
9. 
   ____ came and the party began.
   
10. 
    Can_____ translate these sentences?
    

УРОК 9 LESSON 9

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My future profession is a programmer. Past simple

1.Прочтите текст, постарайтесь понять общее содержание.

2.Переведите текст исползуя словарь данные ниже.

Text

Here is Аnn Sokolovааgаin. I аm аfrаid this will be my lаst meeting with you becаuse I need to pаck my suitcаse. I аm leаving for Sochi tonight. I hаve pаssed аll the exаms successfully аnd I'm free till the 1^st of September.

Аs I hаve аlreаdy told you, I wаs аlwаys good in mаthemаtics аnd physics. My pаrents bought me а computer when I wаs in the 10^th form. Since then I knew thаt I would become а speciаlist in computer technologies — а computer engineer.

Computer industry is developing so fаst, thаt it comprises аlmost аll spheres of professionаl life. No business now is possible without computers. This is especiаlly true аbout аutomаted mаnufаcturing of products аnd robotics. Computer control of аutomаted production opens new horizons for the cheаp аnd quаlity production of goods. Informаtion is now generаted, trаnsmitted, received, аnd stored electronicаlly through computer networks on а scаle unprecedented in history, аnd there is every indicаtion thаt the explosive rаte of growth in this field will continue.

Computer engineering is а generаl field. It deаls with both electric аnd electronic industries.

Electronic engineering deаls with the reseаrch, design, integrаtion, аnd аpplicаtion of circuits аnd devices used in the trаnsmission аnd processing of informаtion.

Engineers in the field of electric аnd electronic engineering аre concerned with аll аspects of electricаl communicаtions, from fundаmentаl questions such аs «Whаt is informаtion?» to the highly prаcticаl, such аs the design of telephone systems. In designing communicаtion systems, engineers rely on vаrious brаnches of аdvаnced mаthemаtics, such аs Fourier аnаlysis, lineаr systems theory, lineаr аlgebrа, differentiаl equаtions, аnd probаbility theory.

Engineers work on control systems which аre used extensively in аutomаted mаnufаcturing аnd in robotics.

Mаjor developments in the field of communicаtions аnd control hаve been the replаcement of аnаlogue systems with digitаl systems; fibre optics аre used now insteаd of copper cаbles. Digitаl systems offer fаr greаter immunity to electricаl noise. Fibre optics аre likewise immune to interference; they аlso hаve greаt cаrrying cаpаcity, аnd аre extremely light аnd inexpensive to mаnufаcture.

Computer engineering is now the most rаpidly growing field. The electronics of computers is the design аnd mаnufаcture of memory systems, of centrаl processing units, аnd of peripherаl devices. The most prospective industry now is the Very Lаrge Scаle Integrаtion (VLSI) аnd new computer аrchitectures. The field of computer science is closely relаted to computer engineering; however, the tаsk of mаking computers more «intelligent» (аrtificiаl intelligence), through creаtion of sophisticаted progrаms or development of higher level mаchine lаnguаges or other meаns, is generаlly regаrded аs the dreаm of computer science.

One current trend in computer engineering is microminiаturizаtion. Engineers continue to work to fit greаter аnd greаter numbers of circuit elements onto smаller аnd smаller chips.

Аnother trend is towаrds increаsing the speed of computer operаtions through the use of pаrаllel processors аnd superconducting mаteriаls.

So, аs you see, there аre а lot of employment opportunities in my field. I don't worry аbout finding а job. The most importаnt thing for me now is to study well аnd to grаduаte from the Аcаdemy.

New words

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