Ф КГМУ 4/3-06/02

ИП №6 от 14 июня 2007 г.

Карагандинский государственный медицинский университет

Кафедра иностранных языков

Методические рекомендации для (практических, семинарских, лабораторных) занятий

Тема: Внутренние органы: Сердце.

Прилагательное. Степени сравнения прилагательных.

Дисциплина: «Иностранный язык»

Специальность 5В110400 – Медико-профилактическое дело

Курс: 1

Составители: Ст. преподаватель Медиева С.К.

Ст. преподаватель Медведева Н.Ю.

Караганда 2013 г.

Обсуждены и утверждены

на заседании кафедры иностранных языков

Протокол № 11 от 28.06.13г.

зав. кафедрой _________В.А. Бурмистрова

Тема: Внутренние органы: Сердце.

Прилагательное. Степени сравнения прилагательных.

• Цель: совершенствование практических навыков в устной и письменной речи с овладением медицинской терминологии.

• Задачи обучения: изучить стилистические особенности медицинского перевода; освоить грамматические структуры на основе медицинской литературы; выражать свои мысли на иностранном языке с использованием освоенных грамматических структур и медицинской терминологии.

• Основные вопросы темы:

1. Работа с грамматикой:

- введение грамматического материала «Прилагательное. Степени сравнения прилагательных»

- выполнение подстановочных упражнений

- выполнение трансформационных упражнений

- применение грамматического материала в устной речи

2.Работа над лексикой:

- введение лексического материала с применением дефиниций

- активизация лексического материала на тексте

- подстановочные упражнения

3. Работа с текстом:

- составление вопросов и плана к тексту

- упражнения для обучения интерпретации текста

- упражнения на контроль понимания основного содержания прочитанного текста

• Методы обучения и преподавания: малые группы, дискуссия, работа в парах, презентации

• Литература:

основная

1. Татосян Ш.Т., Жаликенова Р.С., Савелова Н.Н. Сборник лексико-грамматических упражнений для студентов 2 курса факультетов «Общая медицина», «Стоматология» 2011г.-150с.

2. Голицынский Ю. Грамматика. Сборник упражнений : сборник / Ю. Голицынский, Н. Голицынская. - 7-е изд. испр. и доп. - СПб.: КАРО, 2011. - 576 с. - (Английский язык для школьников).

3. Марковина И.Ю. Английский язык : учебник / И.Ю Марковина, З. К. Максимова, М. Б. Вайнштейн. - 4-е изд., испр. и перераб. - М.: ГЭОТАР-МЕД, 2010. - 368 с.

4. Internet

дополнительная

1. Акжигитов Г.Н. Большой англо-русский медицинский словарь : около 100000 терминов / Г. Н. Акжигитов, Р. Г. Акжигитов. - 2-е изд. - М., 2007. - 1248 с.

2. Англо-русский кардиологический словарь / ред. Л. С. Рудинская. - М. : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2009. - 176 с.

3. Англо-русский медицинский словарь = English-russian medical dictionary : более 90000 терминов: учеб. пособие для студ. мед. вузов / сост. И. Ю. Марковина [и др.]. - М. : Мед. информ. агентство, 2008. - 896 с.

4. Медициналық терминдер сөздігі (40 мыңға жуық термин) : Орысша-қазақша-ағылшынша / М. Ахметов. - Алматы : Дайк-Пресс, 2009. - 800 б.

5. Русско-казахско-английский словарь медицинских терминов

6. Новый англо-русский словарь для стоматологов : учеб. пособие / Л. Ю. Берзегова [и др.]. - М. : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2009. - 400 с.

7. Унгарбаева А.А. Аәылшын тілінің грамматикасы: оқу құралы / А. А. Унгарбаева, А. Б. Нупилова ; КГМУ. - Қарағанды, 2011. - 88 б.

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• Контроль: выполнение лексико-грамматического теста

I. Read and translate new words:

Vascular

Pericardium

Apex

Interspace

Costal

Septum

Atrium

Valve

Fibrous

Pulmonary

Portal

Chamber

Thick

dilate

contract

II. Read and translate the text:

The Heart and the Vascular System

The heart is an inner hollow muscular organ placed within the chest and included in the pericardium. The base of the heart is against the third rib. Its apex is against the interspaces between the fifth and sixth costal cartilages. The weight of the heart is about 300 grams in the male and about 220 gr. in the female.

The heart consists of two separate chambers divided by the septum. Each of the chambers has two connected parts: the atrium and the ventricle. The atrioventricular valves separate the atria from the ventricles.

The right atrium is larger than the left one, but the walls of the left atrium are thicker than those of the right one. The right ventricle is triangular (треугольный) in form and has thick walls. The right ventricle is the anterior part of the heart. The left ventricle is longer and more conical than the right one. The walls of the left ventricle are three times as thick as the walls of the right one. The valves are located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle.

The muscular structure of the heard consists of fibrous bands divided into two groups – the first ones are the fibrous bands of the atria and the second ones are the fibrous bands of the ventricles.

The vascular system consists of three groups of vessels—arteries, veins and capillaries.

The vessels carrying blood to and from the tissues of the body compose the general system. They are called the systemic vessels.

The pulmonary system is formed by the vessels carrying blood to and from the lungs.

The portal system is formed by the veins passing to the liver

Most of the arteries are composed of three coats. The arteries dilate and contract simultaneously with the action of the heart.

III. Answer the questions:

1. What is heart?

2. Where is the heart located?

3. What is the structure of the heart?

4. What is the weight of the heart?

5. What is the atrium?

6. What is the ventricle?

7. What vessels of the vascular system do you know?

IV. Say true or false:

1. The weight of the heart is about 220 grams in the male and about 300 gr. in the female.

2. The muscular structure of the heard consists of fibrous bands divided into four groups.

3. The arteries dilate and contract simultaneously with the action of the heart.

4. The right ventricle is triangular in form and has thick walls.

5. The heart is an outer hollow muscular organ.

V. Complete the sentences:

1. The heart consists of …….. …….. …….. .

2. The muscular structure of the heard consists of …… ……. …….. .

3. The vascular system consists of …….. …….. …….. .

4. The systemic vessels are ……. . …… …… .

5. The arteries ……. … ……… …….. .

VI. Grammar exercise:

Find the suitable adjective and use it in the correct degree:

1. Newborns hearts beat …… than adult hearts, about 70 -190 beats per minute

2. Coronary artery disease is …….. type of heart disease in the U.S.

3. The heart is one of ……. organs in the entire human body.

4. Aorta is …….. artery in the body, which originates from the left ventricle.

5. The human heart is a muscle designed to remain strong and reliable for a hundred years or … .

6. The right atrium is ….. than the left one, but the walls of the left atrium are ……. than those of the right one.

7. By reducing your risk factors for cardiovascular disease, you may help your heart stay …. longer.

8. The heart comprises …… than 0.5 percent of the total body weight.

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large, thick, fast, common, little, important, large, long,healthy

VII. Retell the text.

VIII. Revision test:

1.

Complete the sentence:

The heart consists of two separate chambers divided by … .

1. the septum

2. hollow

3. pericardium

4. the third rib

5. the fifth and sixth costal cartilages

2.

Complete the sentence:

The heart is an inner … muscular organ.

1. the septum

2. hollow

3. pericardium

4. the third rib

5. the fifth and sixth costal cartilages

3.

Complete the sentence:

The heart is an inner hollow muscular organ placed within the chest and included in the …. .

1. the septum

2. hollow

3. pericardium

4. the third rib

5. the fifth and sixth costal cartilages

4.

Complete the sentence:

The base of the heart is against …. .

1. the septum

2. hollow

3. pericardium

4. the third rib

5. the fifth and sixth costal cartilages

5.

Complete the sentence:

Its apex is against the interspaces between … .

1. the septum

2. hollow

3. pericardium

4. the third rib

5. the fifth and sixth costal cartilages

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6.

Complete the sentence:

The …….. consists of two separate chambers divided by the septum.

1. heart

2. 2 separate chambers

3. by the septum

4. the atrium and the ventricle

5. The atrioventricular

7.

Complete the sentence:

The heart consists of …. divided by the septum.

1. heart

2. 2 separate chambers

3. by the septum

4. the atrium and the ventricle

5. The atrioventricular

8.

Complete the sentence:

The heart is responsible for …… .

A). digesting of food

B). exchanging of oxygen

C). pumping blood

D). discharging of wastes

E). discharging of oxygen

9.

Complete the sentence:

Each of the chambers has two connected parts:

1. heart

2. 2 separate chambers

3. by the septum

4. the atrium and the ventricle

5. The atrioventricular

10.

Complete the sentence:

…. separate the atria from the ventricles.

1. heart

2. 2 separate chambers

3. by the septum

4. the atrium and the ventricle

5. The atrioventricular valves

11.

Complete the sentence:

The weight of the heart is about …….. grams in the male and about …….. gr. in the female.

A).300, 220

B).600, 500

C).150, 100

D). 1000, 800

E).100, 50

12.

Complete the sentence:

The right ventricle is …….. in form

A). circular

B). square

C). J-shaped

D). triangular

E).O-shaped

13.

Find the odd word:

A).vessel

B).artery

C).vein

D).capillary

E).form

14.

Find the antonym to the following word:

female

A).child

B).male

C).baby

D).gender

E).fetus

15.

Find the antonym to the following word:

right

A).middle

B).beginning

C).end

D).first

E).left

16.

Find the antonym to the following word:

thick

A). large

B).thin

C). small

D).big

E).little

17.

Find the antonym to the following word:

long

A).thin

B).thick

C).short

D).large

E).wide

18.

Find the antonym to the following word:

entrance

A).wall

B).atrium

C).ventricle

D).chest

E).exit

19.

Find the synonym to the following word:

chest

A). larynx

B). pharynx

C). esophagus

D). thorax

E). abdomen

20.

What is blood?

A). It is a fluid tissue.

B). It is a hard tissue.

C). It is a mucous membrane.

D). It is It is a soft tissue.

E). It is a kind of bone tissue.

21.

What is the count of heartbeats per minute?

A). 20-30 times

B). 40-50 times

C). 50-60 times

D). 70-80 times

E). 90-100 times

22.

How many chambers does the heart have?

A). 1

B). 2

C). 3

D). 4

E). 5

23.

Find the disease of heart:

A). tuberculosis

B). pneumonia

C). asthma

D). myocardial infarction

E). measles

24.

Find the disease of heart:

A). cholera

B). diphtheria

C). angina pectoris

D). сold

E). jaundice

25.

Find the disease of heart:

A). appendicitis

B). bronchitis

C). ulcer

D). gastritis

E). ischemia

26.

What doctor treats heart diseases?

A). oncologist

B). cardiologist

C). otolaryngologist

D). chemist

E). X-ray technician

27.

Use the correct form of the adjective:

The heart is …… organ of blood circulation.

A). the importantest

B). more important

C). the most important

D). importanter

E). the importanter

28.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

When the heart contracts the chambers become smaller.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

29.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

The human heart is one of the most vital organs in the human body

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

30.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

It is really nothing more than a pump.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

31.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

Heart disease is the biggest killer of both men and women.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

32.

Give the comparative degree of the following adjective: essential

A). the most essential

B). essentialer

C). more essential

D). the essentialest

E). essential

33.

Give the superlative degree of the following adjective: much

A). the most

B). more

C). many

D). more much

E). the most much

34.

Give the comparative degree of the following adjective: good

A). the most good

B). more good

C). gooder

D). the best

E). better

35.

Give the superlative degree of the following adjective: bad

A). the most bad

B). further

C). more bad

D). the worst

E). worse

36.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

Given the heart's many essential functions, it seems wise to take care of it.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

37.

Find the odd word:

A). heart

B). ventricle

C). atrium

D). septum

E). bone

38.

Give the superlative degree of the following adjective: small

A). the smallest

B). smaller

C).more small

D). the most small

E). the smaller

39.

Give the comparative degree of the following adjective: large

A). the largest

B). larger

C). more larger

D). the most large

E). the larger

40.

Give the superlative degree of the following adjective: clever

A). the cleverest

B). cleverer

C). more clever

D). the most clever

E). the cleverer

41.

Give the comparative degree of the following adjective: narrow

A). the narrowest

B). narrower

C). more narrow

D). the most narrow

E). the narrower

42.

Find the odd word:

A). the cleverest

B). the best

---

C). the most

D). the most expensive

E). cheaper

43.

Find the odd word:

A). worse

B). elder

C). farther

D). the most expensive

E). cheaper

44.

Find the odd word:

A). positive

B). good

C). bad

D). long

E). cheaper

45.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

The right atrium is larger than the left one.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

46.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

The walls of the left atrium are thicker than those of the right one.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

47.

What degree has the underlined adjective?

The left ventricle is more conical than the right one.

A). positive

B). comparative

C). superlative

D). negative

E). no correct answer

48.

Give the synonym to the following word: much

A). many

B). little

C). few

D). any

E). some

49.

What is a vessel?

A). It is a tube which carries the blood.

B). It is a wall which carries the blood.

C). It is a bone which carries the blood.

D). It is a mucous membrane which carries the blood.

E). It is a skin which carries the blood.

50.

Complete the sentence:

The upper chamber of the heart is called ……. .

A). atrium

B). ventricle

C). chamber

D). vessel

E). septum

Etalons of answers

1	A	11	A	21	D	31	C	41	B
2	B	12	D	22	D	32	C	42	E
3	C	13	E	23	D	33	A	43	D
4	D	14	B	24	C	34	E	44	E
5	E	15	E	25	E	35	D	45	B
6	A	16	B	26	B	36	A	46	B
7	B	17	C	27	C	37	E	47	B
8	C	18	E	28	B	38	A	48	A
9	D	19	D	29	C	39	B	49	A
10	E	20	A	30	B	40	A	50	A

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