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Speaking (2nd term)
Topic “Scientists”
Study the material about different types of questions in Past Simple
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Generalquestion (общий вопрос) – это вопрос ко всему предложению, требующий ответа «Да» или «Нет».
Структура общего вопроса
I II III IV V
Вспомог. глагол Подлежащее Сказуемое Дополнение Обстоятельство
Did he enter the University after school?
Was Maxwell born in Scotland?
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Specialquestion (специальный вопрос, кроме вопроса к подлежащему) –это вопрос к одному члену предложения.
Структура специального вопроса
I II III IV V
Вопросит. слово Вспомог. глагол Подлежащее Сказуемое Остальные члены
When did/was предложения, кроме
Where того слова, к которому
What задаётся вопрос
Where was Maxwell born?
When did he enter the University?
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Specialquestion (вопрос к подлежащему)
Структура вопроса к подлежащему
I II III IV
Вопрос. слово Сказуемое Дополнение Обстоятельство
Who studied at the University?
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Alternativequestion(альтернативный вопрос = общий вопрос + “or” + своё слово к одному любому члену предложения)
Did Maxwell enter the University or college after school?
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Tagquestion (разделительный вопрос = утвердительное предложение + вспомогательный глагол данного времени с частицей “not” + подлежащее в форме местоимения)
After school Maxwell entered the University, didn’t he?
Maxwell was born in Scotland, wasn’t he?
Ex. 1
Put the words in the right order to make questions
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Maxwell, born, was, when? -
Did, where, enter, the University, he? -
What subjects, interested, was, he, in? -
Did, write, Maxwell, at 15, first, his, scientific work? -
He, did, what, do, the University, after? -
Where, he, did, for, live, 5 years? -
Did, when, he, the professor, become, of philosophy? -
Did, he, what, organize, Cambridge, in? -
He, did, when, die?
Ex. 2
Write all types of questions to the sentence
Maxwell became professor of experimental physics at Cambridge.
Ex. 3
Read the text and write questions to the given answers
James Clerk Maxwell
Maxwell was born in Scotland in 1831. He early showed signs of mathematical talent. At the age of 15 he contributed a piece of scientific work on the drawing of oval curves to the royal society of Edinburgh. The work was so well done that many refused to believe that such a young boy could be the author.
At Cambridge University, which he entered in 1856, he graduated the second in his class in mathematics. Maxwell became a professor of natural philosophy at Aberdeen in 1859. In 1871 Maxwell was appointed a professor of experimental physics at Cambridge. While at Cambridge he organized the Cavendish Laboratory, named in honour of the eccentric English scientist of the previous century Henry Cavendish. Several decades later the Cavendish Laboratory did great work, which was connected with radioactivity.
The most important work of Maxwell's life was carried on between 1864 and 1873. He placed into mathematical form the speculations of Faraday concerning magnetic lines of force. Maxwell's theory showed that electricity and magnetism could not exist in isolation. Where there was one, there was the other, so that his work is usually referred to as the electromagnetic theory.
Maxwell died before the age of fifty in 1879. When Einstein's theories upset almost all of "classical physics", Maxwell's equations remained untouched and as valid as ever.
Dialogue
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Do you know the biography of James Maxwell? -
Yes, a little. -
_______________________________________________________? -
He was born in Scotland. -
_______________________________________________________? -
At the age of 15. -
_______________________________________________________? -
He entered Cambridge University in 1856. -
_______________________________________________________? -
He became a professor of natural philosophy at Aberdeen. -
_______________________________________________________? -
He organized the Cavendish laboratory at Cambridge. -
_______________________________________________________? -
Maxwell's theory showed that electricity and magnetism could not exist in isolation. -
________________________________________________________? -
He died in 1879.
Your task for the terminal – read the text and make up your own dialogue about Isaak Newton
Isaak Newton
Sir Isaac Newton is an English scientist and mathematician. He was born in 1642, on the 25th of December in the little village of Woolsthorpe in England. His father was a wealthy farmer but he had died before Isaac was born.
Newton published his discoveries in two books which contain his three laws of motion and the universal gravitation law. The scientist used these laws to predict the motion of the planets around the Sun, the stars and comets motion. Isaac Newton studied optics and developed the theory of colour: he discovered that a prism could decompose white light into a multicoloured spectrum. He was also the constructor of the first practical reflecting telescope in the world. As for mathematics he and Leibniz developed the fundamental theorem of infinitesimal calculus.
Newton studied at Trinity College in Cambridge University. His incredible aptitude was recognized early. It was there that he discovered the generalized binomial theorem. Then he moved to London in 1969 where he lived until his death in 1727. The scientist was also a member of the Parliament of England. Newton died in his sleep at the age of 84 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He was never married and died intestate.
Isaac Newton is considered to be the most influential scientist in the history of mankind. His discoveries on physics, astronomy and mathematics provided a basis for modern science and his ideas changed our world.