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G R A M M A R 4 PRESENT T I M E
Problems with |
• Some verbs are not normally used in the continuous form, because they |
simple and |
describe activities which already extend in time. These are called 'state' |
continuous |
verbs. |
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be, believe, cost, depend, have, hear, know, matter, smell, suppose, taste, think, |
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understand |
•Some of these verbs can be used in continuous forms with a change of meaning.
Tim is being rather difficult at the moment. |
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(behave) |
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I'm having breakfast. |
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(eat) |
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I'm |
tasting the soup, |
to check if it needs more |
salt. |
(sample) |
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I'm |
thinking |
of |
buying |
a |
new |
car. |
(consider) |
•In many situations we can use either a simple or continuous form. The simple form is for a permanent situation or general habit, the continuous form is for a temporary situation.
/live in London. (it's my permanent home)
I'm living in London. (just for a year - my home is in Athens)
Do you sleep a lot? (Is it your habit?)
Are you sleeping enough? (What is happening at the moment?)
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CATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
Underline the most suitable verb form in each sentence.
a)What sort of work do you do/are you doing?
b)I can't talk now. I cook/I'm cooking the dinner.
c)What shall we have? Do you like/Are you liking fish?
d)Can I borrow this typewriter? Or do you use/are you using it?
e) What do the people here do/are the people here doing in the evenings?
f)Follow that bus. Then you turn/are turning left.
g)A lot of people think that the Sun goes/is going around the Earth.
h) Excuse me, do you read/are you reading your newspaper? Could I borrow it?
i)Do you wait/Are you waiting for the bus to Newcastle?
j)Andy builds/is building his own house in the country.
2 Put each verb in brackets into either the present simple or the present continuous,
a) |
There's nobody here, and the door's locked. What (we do) |
..do we do... now! |
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b) |
What (you look) |
at? (I wear) |
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the wrong clothes? |
c) |
I (look after) |
Jack's dog this |
weekend. (you want) |
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to take it for a walk? |
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d) |
Who (drive) |
the Mercedes that's parked outside? |
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e) |
I (still have) |
a pain in my leg but it (get) |
better. |
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f) |
Who (Sue dance) |
with? That's not her brother, is it? |
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g) |
Harry always (look) |
untidy! He (wear) |
dirty jeans. |
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h) |
I (write) |
in reply to your advertisement in the Daily News. |
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i) |
That plant I bought (not grow) |
very much. And I (water) |
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it every day. |
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j) |
Which hotel (you stay) |
in when you (come) |
here |
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3 Decide whether the verb form in italics refers to present or future time.
a) |
Where are you staying on Saturday night? ...future..... |
b) |
George retires at the end of next year |
c) |
What are we doing when the guests arrive? |
d)I'm trying really hard to understand this book
e)Wait for me here until I get back
f)Sue is leaving in the morning
g)I'm waiting for the bus
h)I'm off now and I'm taking the car
i)They're showing a Woody Allen film on Channel 4 tonight
j)I'm going for a walk this evening
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G R A M M A R 4 PRESENT T I M E
4 Write each verb in the -ing form, then complete the spelling rules below.
a)If a word ends in vowel + consonant + -e (write)
b)If a word ends in vowel + consonant (swim)
c)Words which end in -y (try, annoy)
5 Rewrite each sentence. Use a verb from the box to replace the words in italics.
be |
cost |
feel |
have |
see |
smell |
taste |
have |
think of |
have |
a)This flower has a wonderful perfume. the flower smells wonderful.
b)I think you are behaving in a very silly way.
c)She is expecting a baby in the summer.
d)Nancy is considering moving to Scotland.
e)Don't go in. They are holding a meeting.
f)I am meeting Janet this evening actually.
g)Good clothes are becoming more and more expensive.
h)I am trying the soup to see if it needs more salt.
i)Helen is taking a bath at the moment.
j)I think that you would be happier in another job.
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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
6Put each verb in brackets into either the present simple or the present continuous.
Dear Aunt Jean,
I (1) ...am just writing. (just write) how to tell you how much I
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(2) |
(appreciate) the money you sent me, and to tell you |
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how I (3) |
(get on) in my first term at university Actually I |
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(4) |
(really enjoy) myself! I (5) |
(study) |
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quite hard as well, but at the moment I (6) |
(spend) a lot of |
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time just making friends. I (7) |
(still stay) with my friend |
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Sue, and I (8) |
(look for) somewhere of my own to live. Only |
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a few of the first-year students (9) |
(live) in college here, |
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and I (10) |
(seem) to be spending a lot of time travelling |
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backwards and forwards. I (11) |
(go) to lectures every |
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morning, and most afternoons I (12) |
(study) in the library. |
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In fact I (13) |
(write) this letter instead of an essay on |
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Hamletl I (14) |
(think) I'll buy some new clothes with the |
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money you sent. Everything (15) |
(cost) a lot here, and I |
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(16) |
(save) to buy a winter coat. It |
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(17) |
(get) really cold here in the evenings. I now |
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(18) |
(know) some other students and generally speaking |
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we (19) |
(have) quite a good time socially! I |
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(20) |
(also learn) to drive. See you soon. |
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Katherine |
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K ey p o i n t s |
1 |
The present simple describes facts and habitual actions. The present continuous |
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describes actions which are still in progress at the time of speaking. |
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2Many verbs which describe states rather than momentary events can only be used in the simple form. Many verbs describing mental activities (understand, know) are of this kind.
3Some verbs have both state and event meanings, but the meanings are not the same.
4When describing a photograph, we usually describe the scene as if it is happening now, and use the present continuous.
5Present tense forms are also used to refer to future time. See Grammar 3.
6Where some languages use present tenses, English uses the present perfect. See Grammar 2.
I've lived in Milan all my life.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
a)There's a party at Mary's house next week. having
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Next week... |
Mary's |
having |
a |
party at her house. |
b) When you phoned me, it was my lunch time. |
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I |
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When you phoned me |
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lunch. |
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c) |
I started working here three years ago. |
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for |
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I've |
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three years. |
d) Our meeting is tomorrow. |
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a |
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We |
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tomorrow. |
e) |
I haven't had a Chinese meal for ages. |
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since |
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It's |
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a Chinese meal. |
f) |
David went home before we arrived. |
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had |
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When we |
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home. |
g) The arrival time of Helen's flight is 8.00. |
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at |
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Helen's flight |
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8.00. |
h)Hurry up! We'll get to the theatre after the beginning of the play. will
By the time we get to the theatre, the play begun.
i)Oh no! My wallet is missing.
lost
Oh no! I |
wallet. |
j) I've only recently started wearing glasses.
wear
I |
recently. |
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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
2.Put each word in brackets into a suitable verb form.
Moving house
I come from a very large family, and recently my parents (1) decided
(decide) that they (2) |
(spend) long enough living in an |
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overcrowded house in Birmingham. 'We (3) |
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(move) to the |
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country', my father (4) |
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(announce) one evening. 'I |
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(5) |
(sell) this house, and we (6) |
(live) on |
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a farm.' So last week we (7) |
(load) all our possessions into |
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two hired vans, and for the last few days we (8) |
(try) to |
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organize ourselves in our new home. Yesterday, for example, my three brothers
and I (9) |
(start) painting the downstairs rooms. |
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Unfortunately while I (10) |
(mix) the paint, one of my sisters |
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(11) |
(open) the door. Nobody (12) |
(tell) |
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her that we (13) |
(be) in the room, you see. So instead of |
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painting the walls, we (14) |
(spend) all morning cleaning the |
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paint off the floor. But worse things (15) |
(happen) since |
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then. This morning when I (16) |
(wake up), water |
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(17) |
(drip) through the ceiling next to my bed. We |
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(18) |
(spend) today so far repairing the roof. It's not all bad |
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news, though. The school in the village nearby (19) |
(close |
down) two years ago, and my parents (20) |
(not find) |
another school for us yet. |
* |
3Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
a)Jack left the office before I arrived there. already
When I arrived at the office |
Jack |
had |
already |
left |
b)Do you know how to drive this kind of car? ever
Have |
this kind of car before |
c)This is my first visit to Scotland. I
This is the first time |
Scotland |
d)During dinner, the phone rang. I
While |
phone rang |
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