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Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний Доступный, получать, общее число, исследование, кроме, приблизительно, цель, публиковать, печатать, в открытом доступе, принадлежащий, владеть ( обладать), иметь право на.

Дайте ответы на следующие вопросы

1. How many books does the University Library receive every year?

2. What books do the older colleges possess? Where do they keep them?

3. What is the total number of books owned by the University?

4. What kind of library has every faculty?

5. Why is a copy of every book published in the UK and Ireland sent to the University Library?

6. How many libraries does the Academy have?

7. Do you know what the total number of books owned by the Academy is?

Укажите, какие из приведенных утверждений являются неверными. Дайте верную информацию.

1. The University Library is a legal deposit library.

2. Every college has a library of early books.

3. The University receives a free copy of every book published in the European countries.

4. Every college has a library for the purposes of undergraduate teaching.

5. Many books are available on open shelves in the British Library.

Higher Education in the USA.

There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Higher education is given in colleges and universities. There are over 2100 various higher educational institutions, including colleges, technological institutes and universities. The average college course of study is 4 years. The academic year is usually 9 months or 2 terms (semesters) of four and a half months each. Classes usually begin in September and end in June. The first- year students are called freshmen. Students choose a major subject and take many courses in this subject. After four years they get a traditional Bachelor’s degree. Then the students may go on to graduate school and with a year or two of further study get a Master’s degree. After another year or two of study and research, they may get a still higher degree as Doctor of Philosophy ( Ph. D ). The student’s progress is evaluated by means of tests, term-papers and final examinations in each course. The student’s work is given a mark, usually on a five point scale. Letters indicate the level of achievement. “A” is the highest mark, “F” denotes a failure. Most American colleges and universities charge for tuition. The methods of instruction in the universities are lectures, discussions, laboratory works and seminars. Most cities have colleges or universities that hold classes at night as well as in daytime. In this way people may work for a degree or just take a course in the subject that interests them.

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Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний

Учебный курс; занятия; включая; также как; профилирующий предмет; получить степень магистра; успеваемость студента; обозначает; курсовая работа; по пятибалльной шкале; методы обучения; проводить занятия; старшие курсы.

Дайте ответы на следующие вопросы

1. Is there a national system of higher education in the USA?

2. How many higher educational institutions are there in the United States?

3. How long does the average college course of study last?

4. How many terms are there in the academic year?

5. Are the first-year students called graduates or freshmen?

6. What is the first traditional degree?

7. What must the students do to get a Master’s degree?

8. How is the student’s progress evaluated?

9. What methods of instruction are there in the universities?

10. What classes do colleges and universities hold?

11. Is tuition free in American higher educational institutions?

12. What kinds of higher educational institutions are there in the USA? Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания. 1.Higher education in the USA... a) are called freshmen. 2. Classes usually ... b) many courses in the major subject. 3. The first-year students ... c) hold classes at night as well as in daytime. 4. After four years of study... d) is given in colleges and universities. 5. The student’s progress ... e) lectures, lecture discussions, laboratory ................................................. and course works, and seminars. 6. Most colleges and universities... f) begin in September and ends in June. 7. Students take ... g) the students get a Bachelor’s degree. 8. The methods of instruction are... i) is evaluated by means of tests, term works ................................................. and final examinations.

Oxford – the University Town. The town of Oxford is first mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 911 A.D. The oldest university there is Oxford. The university’s oldest charter is dated in 1213. The University now has thirty five colleges and about thirteen thousand students, many of them are from other countries. There were no women at Oxford until 1878, when the first women’s college “Lady Margaret Hall” opened. Now most colleges are open to men and women. It is not easy to get a place at Oxford University to study for a degree. But outside the University there are many smaller private colleges which offer less difficult courses and where it is easier to enroll. Most students in these private schools take business, secretarial or English language courses. Oxford is, of course, famous for its first-class education as well as its beautiful buildings. Some of the most intelligent men and women in the country live and work here. Oxford gives them what they need: a quiet atmosphere, friendly colleagues and four-hundred-year-old library that has about five million books. Within the college one will normally find a chapel, a dining hall, a library, rooms for undergraduates, tutors and the Master (the head of the college), and also rooms for teaching purposes. You can see there many lovely gardens where the students can read and relax in the summer months. Дайте ответы на следующие вопросы

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1. How many colleges has the Oxford University?

2. When was the first women’s college opened?

3. Is Oxford the only higher school in the University town?

4. What is the Oxford University famous for?

5. What can Oxford give to students and teachers?

6. What can one find within each college? Дополните предложения

1. The University of Oxford is the ...university in Great Britain. a) earliest; b) first-class; c) oldest;

2. Now the University has about 13,000 students, ...

a) studying for Master’s degree; b) many of them from overseas; c) taking business courses;

3. Some of the most intelligent men and women ... live and work in Oxford. a) from other countries; b) in the country; c) of the teaching staff;

4. There are many ...colleges outside the University. a) high-standard; b) private; c) state-controlled;

5. The University’s ... five million books. a) colleges; b) faculties; c) library;

6. Each college is ... by a Master. a) operated; b) supervised; c) governed;

Найдите неправильное утверждение.

1. The University was only for men until 1878.

2. The University’s earliest charter is dated to 1213.

3. The University’s library is one of the richest and oldest libraries in the world.

4. The first women’s college is called “ All Souls.”

5. Each college is governed by a Master.

Higher Education in the USA.(2)

1. The type of degree-awarding institutions may be categorized by three aspects – public or private, two-or four-year, non-profit or for-profit. They are typically divided into the following groups: public two-year institutions (e.g. community colleges), public four-year institutions (e.g. universities, colleges), private two-year institutions (e.g. junior colleges), and private four-year institutions (e.g. research universities, liberal arts colleges). Higher education institutions in the United States are organized and licensed or chartered as non-profit or for- profit corporations, regardless of whether they are public or private. These corporate entities are governed by boards of trustees, who are citizens appointed by a governor or elected by the board itself (private institutions). Public institutions, in addition to having governing boards appointed by state authorities, also receive some annual allocation of state budget funds. Private institutions are independent of state control even though they are licensed by state governments. They may be non-profit or for-profit, and may be secular or affiliated with a religious community. Some private institutions may be authorized by state governments to receive state operating funds and to provide some public services.

2. The US higher education includes institutions with a wide range of admission selectivity, from open-access two-and four-year institutions that admit all students to highly selective research universities and liberal arts colleges that admit only a small fraction of those who apply. Admissions decisions at selective institutions are based on a fixed set of academic criteria, including high school coursework, grade point average and class rank, and admissions test score, as well as a more flexible set of non-academic characteristics, such as demonstrated leadership ability, creativity, and community service. The admissions decisions at highly selective institutions are so complex and consider so many factors.

3. Two-year colleges and a small number of four-year institutions grant associate degrees. Associate degrees may represent a degree in a vocational field or may prepare students to complete a bachelor’s degree at a four-year institution. Credits earned in associate degree programs can be transferred to bachelor’s degree programs under certain conditions. The transfer of credits from associate degree programs to bachelor’s degree programs are usually governed by agreements between institutions. Unlike a certificate or a diploma the associate degree is a recognized higher education degree. US bachelor’s degrees are usually planned to take 4 academic years of full-time study to complete. However, many degrees take longer to complete, including those in engineering, architecture, medicine and other fields; and many bachelor’s degrees are completed in less than 4 years by highly qualified and motivated students. The bachelor’s degree should prepare students for entry-level jobs as well as for possible advanced study. The Master’s degree is the first graduate-level qualification, or second cycle degree. In the US higher education system Master’s degrees generally take two years to complete, but the time period may be shorter or longer, depending on how the degree program is structured, whether the student is enrolled full-time or part-time, the degree requirements and the prior preparation of the student. The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) represents the highest academic qualification in the US education system. Students admitted to doctoral programs must complete all qualifying graduate-level coursework and participate in doctoral seminars and colloquia. Students who complete these requirements at a satisfactory level must then pass written examinations that cover their chosen research specialization plus two or more specialties, one of which is often in a related subject area. The doctoral degree is given for the dissertation and for a public oral examination defending the dissertation.

4. First-professional degrees represent a category of qualifications in professional subject areas that require students to have previously completed specified undergraduate coursework and/or degrees before enrolling. They are considered graduate-level programs in the US education system. A first-professional degree is an award that requires completion of a program that meets all of the following criteria: (1) completion of the academic requirements to begin practice in the profession; (2) at least 2 years of college work prior to entering the program; and (3) a total of at least 6 academic years of college work to complete the degree program, including prior required college work plus the length of the professional program itself. The US higher education system awards intermediate graduate qualifications that represent studies and research beyond the Master’s degree but are not the equivalent of the Doctor’s degree. Most of these qualifications are in professional fields of study and represent a level of education corresponding to advanced professional standing.

5. The US federal government does not have any direct authority over US education. The Constitution does not mention education as a general responsibility, the federal government plays a limited role and the US has never had an education ministry. Public and private higher education institutions enjoy more autonomy and are more internally self-governing than are schools. Nevertheless, state governments issue charters to institutions, regulate standards and quality to varying degrees, and may have regulatory authority over various aspects of the operation of public institutions.

6. A wide array of government and private financial aid programs provides assistance to students based on both financial need and academic merit. Financial aid tp students includes federal grants, loans and tax credits, state grants and grants provided by colleges and universities, as well as private organizations. Federal student aid is financial help for students enrolled in eligible programs at participating schools to cover school (a four-year or two-year public or private educational institution) expenses, including tuition and fees, room, books and transportation. The two most common types of aid are grants and loans. Grants are a type of financial aid that doesn’t have to be repaid. Generally, grants are for undergraduate students and the grant amount is based on need, cost of attendance and enrollment status. Usually Federal grants range from $ 890 to $ 4,500. Federal supplemental educational opportunity grants range from $ 100 to $ 4,000. Loans are borrowed money that must be repaid with interest. Both undergraduate and graduate students may borrow money. Maximum loan amounts depend on the student’s year in school.

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Укажите, в каком абзаце говорится о:

1. First professional degrees and intermediate degrees.

2. Authority responsible for higher education.

3. Types and degree-awarding institutions.

4. Aid to students.

5. Student admission.

6. Type of academic degrees, terms of study and completion requirements.

Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний.

Получать ежегодное ассигнование из бюджетных средств штата; может быть светским

(учебное заведение) или быть связанным с религиозной общиной; разнообразие систем отбора при приеме в высшее учебное заведение; принимать ( в учебное заведение) только малую часть тех, кто поступает; находятся под управлением совета попечителей; исследование под руководством научного руководителя; извлекающие доход (коммерческие) или не ставящие своей целью извлечение доходов (некоммерческие) университетские корпорации; удостоверение о прохождении какого-либо курса в учебном заведении; имеющие самоуправление сообщества; сдавать экзамены по профилирующей дисциплине.

Дайте развернутые ответы на вопросы

1. What groups are degree-awarding institutions typically divided into?

2. How are higher education institutions in the United States organized?

3. Who are they governed by?

4. What are admissions decisions based on?

5. What does financial aid to students include?

6. How is the authority over higher education exercised and coordinated?

7. What degrees are awarded by higher education institutions?

Выберите соответствующие определения.

1. The Bachelor’s degree a) represent a category of qualifications in professional subject

areas and require students to have previously completed specified

coursework and/or degrees before enrolling.

2. An Associate degree b) represents the highest academic qualification, and is given for

the preparation of a dissertation and passing a final exam.

3. The Master’s degree c) represents studies and research beyond the master’s degree but

That are not the equivalent of a research doctorate.

4. The Doctor of Philosophy d) is awarded in academic or professional subjects and technical

Programs. It’s an award that requires completion of an

Organized program of study of at least 2 but less than 4 years of

full academic study.

5. First Professional Degrees e) is the first graduate level qualification, that takes two years to

complete. It usually requires the completion of required

graduate-level courses and seminars, passing examinations in

the major subfield of research.

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6. Intermediate Graduate f) may be defined as an award that normally require at least but

Qualifications not more than 5 years of full-time equivalent college level work

Докажите правильность или ошибочность следующих утверждений. 1. Higher education institutions are governed by boards of trustees.

2. Private institutions are independent of state control.

3. The US higher education includes open-access institutions.

4. Associate degrees may prepare students to complete a master’s degree.

5. Students admitted to doctoral programs must complete preliminary requirements.

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