Файл: тексты 1 курс.docx

Shopping.

Man can’t live without food and clothes so from time to time we go shopping. At the bakery you can buy brown and white bread, rolls and biscuits. At the greengrocery they sell cabbage, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, carrots, beetroots, green peas as well as all kinds of fruits: apples, oranges, grapes, bananas, pears, cherries, plums, etc. Everything is sold here ready-weighed and packed. If you need dairy products like milk, cream, cheese, butter, you can do it at the dairy. At the grocery there is a wide choice of macaroni, cereals, flour, tea, coffee, sugar. Meat and poultry can be bought at the butcher’s. But if you need food products, you’d better go to a food supermarket where they sell various products under one roof and it is very convenient.

When your clothes become old and worn out or small, you go to a department store which consists of different departments: ready-made clothes, fabrics, shoes, sport goods, toys, china and glass, electric appliances, hi-fi equipment, cameras, records, etc. You can buy everything you need there. Things for sale are on the counters and are easily seen. In the women’s clothing department there are dresses, costumes, skirts, blouses, coats and many other things. In the men’s clothing department you can choose suits, trousers, jackets, shirts, ties. In the knitwear department they sell sweaters, pullovers, woolen jackets, caps and gloves.

If you do your shopping in a self-service shop, then you go from counter to counter, choose and put into your basket what you want to buy. At the checkout counter the prices of your purchases are added up. In a small shop the shop assistant helps the customer who then pays the money to the cashier.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian: the checkout counter; pay the money to the cashier; In the knitwear department; a self-service shop; at the bakery; as well as; old and worn out; ready-weighed and packed; all kinds of fruits; a wide choice of; you’d better go to a food supermarket; various products under one roof; very convenient; live without food and clothes; at the dairy; at the butcher’s; to consist of different departments; electric appliances; buy everything you need; things for sale; the men’s clothing department; go from counter to counter.

Exercise 2. Translate into English: кассир; покупатель; продавец; фарфоровая посуда; готовая одежда; цена; покупка; ходить по магазинам; булочка; огурец; помидор; перчатка; шерстяной свитер; блузка; электроприборы; удобные брюки; универсальный магазин; свекла; морковь; груша; вишня; юбка; булочная; овощной магазин; печенье; пиджак; зелёный горошек; картофель; капуста; слива; птица; мука; крупы; виноград; лук; молочный магазин; мясная лавка; рыба; мясо; ткани; бакалея; спортивные товары; обувь; яблоки; апельсины; бананы; сыр; масло; молоко; сахар; корзина.

Exercise 3. Describe your usual breakfast, lunch and dinner. What do you like to eat? What do you like to eat on holidays, such as New Year?

Exercise 4. Answer the questions:

1. Who does the shopping in your family?

2. How often do you go shopping?

3. What shops do you go to?

4. Which do you think is the most convenient time for shopping?

5. Are you fond of window-shopping?

6. What was your most successful purchase?

Exercise 5. Make up some dialogues: you are buying a costume for a business meeting/you are looking for a present for your girlfriend (boyfriend)/you are buying products for supper/you are buying food for the whole week.

Part 2. Shopping in london.

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS:

Shopping in London.

Most of London’s big department stores and rich shops are in the West End.

One of the most popular shopping centres in the West End is Oxford Street. Its nice shops and department stores attract not only English people but people from all over the world. It is always crowded with people, especially at sale times, in January and July.

Shops and department stores are open every day till 6 or 7 o’clock except on Sundays. If you want to go shopping after office hours you can make a purchase on Thursday, as the shops in Oxford Street close later on that day.

One of the largest department stores in Oxford Street is Selfridge’s. It has about 230 different departments: Men’s and Women’s Wear, Children’s Clothes, Bedding, Stationery, Electric Goods, Household Goods and many others.

Selfridge’s is a very expensive department store that is why most Londoners prefer to go to cheaper shops: Marks and Spenser’s for clothes and supermarkets for food.

Marks and Spenser’s is a self-service chain store. It sells quality goods at reasonable prices, therefore it is very popular.

Supermarkets, many of which are chain stores too, sell not only food but household goods too. Hypermarkets have become especially popular with shoppers recently. They are very big supermarkets (usually outside London) with parking lots for customers, who come shopping in their cars and buy food for the whole week.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian: big department stores and rich shops; a very expensive department store; chain stores; parking lots for customers; quality goods at reasonable prices; prefer to go to cheaper shops; office hours; popular with shoppers; household goods; people from all over the world.

Exercise 2. Translate into English: быть переполненным; постельное бельё; следовательно; канцелярские товары; хозяйственные товары; мужская и женская одежда; электротовары; очень популярный; за пределами Лондона; покупать еду на целую неделю.

Exercise 3. Agree or disagree. Give your reasons.

1. Oxford Street is the most popular shopping centre in London.

2. Shops and department stores in Oxford Street work without closing.

3. Most Londoners go shopping to Selfridge’s.

4. Marks and Spencer’s is as expensive as Selfridge’s.

5. There is no difference between a supermarket and a hypermarket.

Unit VIII. Holidays. Part 1. Holidays in the uk.

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS:

Holidays in the uk.

The British have fewer holidays than most European nations. British “bank holidays” are New Year’s Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, May Day, Spring Bank Holiday, Summer Bank Holiday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. There are other festivals as well, on which certain traditions are observed.

Celebrating New Year is still more popular in Northern England and Scotland where it has a special name, Hogmanay. It is the time for merrymaking, giving presents and expecting the First-Footers. It was believed that the first person to visit one’s home on New Year’s Day could bring good or bad luck. So the First-Footer should be a dark-haired man with three things: a piece of coal to wish warmth, a piece of bread to wish food and a silver coin to wish wealth.

February 14^th is the day on which young lovers in England send each other anonymous valentines – colourful cards with loving emblems. The first Valentine of all was a bishop, a Christian martyr, who before he was put to death by the Romans sent a note of friendship to his jailer’s blind daughter.

Many of Easter customs and symbols go back to a pagan festival of spring, of awakening nature. Christians connected the rising of the sun with the resurrection of Jesus and their own spiritual rebirth. One of the most popular Easter symbols is an egg, which has always been a fertility symbol on the one hand, and it also symbolizes the tomb from which Christ rose on the other hand.

May Day celebrations also go back to a pagan spring festival connected with dancing performed to encourage life and growth and to drive away evil spirits. A tall pole called a Maypole decorated with flowers and ribbons is put up on the village green and children holding to the ribbons dance around it. Men dressed in white fancy costumes decorated with flowers, ribbons and small bells perform morris dance which is about 800 years old.

Guy Fawkes’ Night is celebrated on November 5^th to commemorate the Gunpowder Plot. Some plotters wanted to blow up the Houses of Parliament and King James I with them. Guy Fawkes was to explode thirty-six barrels of gunpowder but was discovered, arrested and hanged. The English celebrate the day by burning a dummy made of straw and old clothes and called a guy, and by letting off fireworks.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian: Good Friday; fewer holidays; Boxing Day; a village green; morris dance; Summer Bank Holiday; certain traditions; time for merrymaking, giving presents; to bring good or bad luck; customs and symbols; young lovers; a piece of coal to wish warmth; the rising of the sun; awakening nature; to explode thirty-six barrels of gunpowder; a dummy made of straw and old clothes; decorated with flowers and ribbons; a dark-haired man.

Exercise 2. Find the equivalents of these expressions in the text:воскресение Иисуса Христа; символ плодородия; Пороховой заговор; канун нового года; пасхальный понедельник; соблюдать традицию; карнавальный костюм; языческий праздник; христианский святой мученик; весенний официальный выходной; первый новогодний гость; приветствовать пробуждение жизни и начало роста всего живого; духовное возрождение; самый известный символ Пасхи; взорвать здание Парламента; серебряная монетка, чтобы пожелать богатства; с одной стороны, с другой стороны; украшенный цветами, лентами и маленькими колокольчиками; цветные открытки с символами любви.

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences in logical way: