Файл: BASCOM AVR, help reference (2007).pdf

© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007

POPALL

Action

Restores all registers that might be used by BASCOM.

Syntax

POPALL

Remarks

When you are writing your own ASM routines and mix them with BASIC you are unable to tell which registers are used by BASCOM because it depends on the used statements and interrupt routines that can run on the background.

That is why Pushall saves all used registers and POPALL restores all registers.

See also

PUSHALL

POWER

Action

Returns the power of a single or double variable and its argument

Syntax

var = POWER( source, raise )

Remarks

The POWER function works for positive floating point variables only.

When you use a ^ b , the sign will be preserved.

While Excel does not allow raising a negative single, QB does allow it.

The Power functions uses less code compared with the code that is generated when you use ^ for floating point values.

It is important that you use single variables for both single and raise. Constants are not accepted.

See Also

EXP ,LOG, LOG10 , SQR

Example

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© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007

Show sample

POWERDOWN

Action

Put processor into power down mode.

Syntax

POWERDOWN

Remarks

In the power down mode, the external oscillator is stopped. The user can use the WATCHDOG to power up the processor when the watchdog timeout expires. Other possibilities to wake up the processor is to give an external reset or to generate an external level triggered interrupt.

Most new chips have many options for Power down/Idle. It is advised to consult the data sheet to see if a better mode is available.

See also

IDLE , POWERSAVE

Example

Powerdown

POWERSAVE

Action

Put processor into power save mode.

Syntax

POWERSAVE

Remarks

The POWERSAVE mode is only available in the 8535, Mega8, Mega163.

Most new chips have many options for Power down/Idle. It is advised to consult the datasheet to see if a better mode is available.

See also

IDLE, POWERDOWN

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© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007

Example

Powersave

PRINT

Action

Send output to the RS-232 port.

Writes a string to a file.

Syntax

PRINT [#channel , ] var ; " constant"

Remarks

Var The variable or constant to print.

You can use a semicolon (;) to print more than one variable at one line.

When you end a line with a semicolon, no linefeed and carriage return will be added.

The PRINT routine can be used when you have a RS-232 interface on your uP.

The RS-232 interface can be connected to a serial communication port of your computer. This way you can use a terminal emulator as an output device.

You can also use the build in terminal emulator.

AVR-DOS

The AVR-DOS file system also supports PRINT. But in that case, only strings can be written to disk.

When you need to print to the second hardware UART, or to a software UART, you need to specify a channel : PRINT #1, "test"

The channel must be opened first before you can print to it. Look at OPENand CLOSE for more details about the optional channel. For the first hardware UART, there is no need to use channels.

PRINT " test" will always use the first hardware UART.

See also

INPUT,OPEN , CLOSE , SPC

Example

'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

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© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007

PRINTBIN is equivalent to PRINT CHR(var);

When you use a Long for example, 4 bytes are printed.

Multiple variables may be sent. They must be separated by the ; sign.

The number of bytes to send can be specified by an additional numeric parameter. This is convenient when sending the content of an array.

Printbin ar(1) ; 3 ' will send 3 bytes from array ar().

Printbin ar(1) ; 2 ; ar(2) ; 4 ' will send 2 bytes from array ar() starting at index 1, then 4 bytes from array ar() starting at index 4.

When you use Printbin ar(1) , the whole array will be printed.

When you need to print the content of a big array(array with more then 255 elements) you need to use the CONFIG PRINTBIN option.

See also

INPUTBIN , CONFIG PRINTBIN

Example

Dim A(10) As Byte, C As Byte For C = 1 To 10

A(c)= c 'fill array Next

Printbin A(1) 'print content of a(1). Not the whole array will be sent!

End

PSET

Action

Sets or resets a single pixel.

Syntax

PSET X , Y, value

Remarks

XThe X location of the pixel. In range from 0-239.

YThe Y location of the pixel. In range from 0-63.

value The value for the pixel. 0 will clear the pixel. 1 Will set the pixel.

The PSET is handy to create a simple data logger or oscilloscope.

See also

SHOWPIC , CONFIG GRAPHLCD , LINE

Example

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'First we define that we use a graphic LCD ' Only 240*64 supported yet

Config Graphlcd = 240 * 128 , Dataport = Porta , Controlport = Portc , Ce = 2 , Cd = 3 , Wr = 0 , Rd = 1 , Reset = 4 , Fs = 5 , Mode = 8

'The dataport is the portname that is connected to the data lines of the LCD 'The controlport is the portname which pins are used to control the lcd 'CE, CD etc. are the pin number of the CONTROLPORT.

' For example CE =2 because it is connected to PORTC.2

'mode 8 gives 240 / 8 = 30 columns , mode=6 gives 240 / 6 = 40 columns

'Dim variables (y not used)

Dim X As Byte , Y As Byte

'Clear the screen will both clear text and graph display

Cls

'Other options are :

' CLS TEXT to clear only the text display ' CLS GRAPH to clear only the graphical part

Cursor Off

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