© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007
Restore Dta4 |
'long type |
Read L : Print L |
'demonstration of readlabel |
' location is used |
Dim W As Iram Word At 8 Overlay |
by restore pointer
'note that W does not use any RAM it is an overlayed pointer to the data
pointer |
' loadlabel |
W = Loadlabel(dta1) |
expects the labelname |
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Read B1 |
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Print B1 |
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End |
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Dta1:
Data &B10 , &HFF , 10
Dta2:
Data 1000% , -1%
Dta3:
Data "Hello" , "World"
'Note that integer values (>255 or <0) must end with the %-sign 'also note that the data type must match the variable type that is 'used for the READ statement
Dta4:
Data 123456789&
'Note that LONG values must end with the &-sign
'Also note that the data type must match the variable type that is used 'for the READ statement
RETURN
Action
Return from a subroutine.
Syntax
RETURN
Remarks
Subroutines must be ended with a related RETURN statement.
Interrupt subroutines must also be terminated with the Return statement.
See also
GOSUB
Example
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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------------ |
: gosub.bas |
'name |
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© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007 |
'copyright |
: (c) 1995-2005, MCS Electronics |
'purpose |
: demo: GOTO, GOSUB and RETURN |
'micro |
: Mega48 |
'suited for demo |
: yes |
'commercial addon needed |
: no |
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------
$regfile = "m48def.dat" |
' specify the used |
micro |
' used crystal |
$crystal = 4000000 |
frequency |
' use baud rate |
$baud = 19200 |
$hwstack = 32 |
' default use 32 |
for the hardware stack |
' default use 10 |
$swstack = 10 |
for the SW stack |
' default use 40 |
$framesize = 40 |
for the frame space |
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Goto Continue |
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Print "This code will not be executed" |
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Continue: |
'end a label with |
a colon |
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Print "We will start execution here" |
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Gosub Routine |
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Print "Back from Routine" |
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End |
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Routine: |
'start a |
subroutine |
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Print "This will be executed" |
'return from |
Return |
subroutine |
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RIGHT
Action
Return a specified number of rightmost characters in a string.
Syntax
var = RIGHT(var1 ,n )
Remarks
var |
The string that is assigned. |
Var1 |
The source string. |
st |
The number of bytes to copy from the right of the string. |
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See also
LEFT , MID
© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007 |
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Example |
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Dim S As String * 15 , Z As String * 15 |
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S ="ABCDEFG" |
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Z = Left(s , 5) |
'ABCDE |
Print Z |
Z = Right(s , 3) : Print Z |
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Z = Mid(s , 2 , 3) : Print Z |
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End |
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RND
Action
Returns a random number.
Syntax
var = RND( limit )
Remarks
Limit |
Word that limits the returned random number. |
Var |
The variable that is assigned with the random number. |
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The RND() function returns an Integer/Word and needs an internal storage of 2 bytes. (___RSEED). Each new call to Rnd() will give a new positive randomnumber.
Notice that it is a software based generated number. And each time you will restart your program the same sequence will be created.
You can use a different SEED value by dimensioning and assigning ___RSEED yourself: Dim ___rseed as word : ___rseed = 10234
Dim I as word : I = rnd(10)
When your application uses a timer you can assign ___RSEED with the timer value. This wil give a better random number.
See also
NONE
Example
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
------------ |
: rnd.bas |
'name |
'copyright |
: (c) 1995-2005, MCS Electronics |
'purpose |
: demo : RND() function |
'micro |
: Mega48 |
'suited for demo |
: yes |
'commercial addon needed |
: no |
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
------------ |
|
|
|
© MCS Electronics, 1995-2007 |
|
$regfile = "m48def.dat" |
' specify the used |
|
micro |
' used crystal |
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$crystal = 4000000 |
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frequency |
' use baud rate |
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$baud = 19200 |
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$hwstack = 32 |
' default use 32 |
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for the hardware stack |
' default use 10 |
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$swstack = 10 |
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for the SW stack |
' default use 40 |
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$framesize = 40 |
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for the frame space |
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Dim I As Word |
' dim variable |
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Do |
'get random number |
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I = Rnd(40) |
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(0-39) |
'print the value |
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Print I |
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Wait 1 |
'wait 1 second |
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Loop |
'for ever |
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End |
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ROTATE |
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Action |
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Rotate all bits one place to the left or right.
Syntax
ROTATE var , LEFT/RIGHT[ , shifts]
Remarks
Var |
Byte, Integer/Word or Long variable. |
Shifts |
The number of shifts to perform. |
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The ROTATE statement rotates all the bits in the variable to the left or right. All bits are preserved so no bits will be shifted out of the variable.
This means that after rotating a byte variable with a value of 1, eight times the variable will be unchanged.
When you want to shift out the MS bit or LS bit, use the SHIFT statement.
See also
SHIFT , SHIFTIN , SHIFTOUT
Example
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
------------ |
: rotate.bas |
'name |
'copyright |
: (c) 1995-2005, MCS Electronics |
'purpose |
: example for ROTATE and SHIFT statement |
'micro |
: Mega48 |
'suited for demo |
: yes |
'commercial addon needed |
: no |
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|