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National Health Service in Great Britain
The National Health Service in Great Britain was established on July 5, 1948 .
The NHS offers government subsidized healthcare treatment for British citizens. But not all services provided by the NHS are free of charge. Patients pay fixed costs for prescriptions, sight tests, NHS glasses and dental treatment. Hospital treatment, the ambulance service and medical consultations remain free.
The NHS in Great Britain consists of 3 main parts: 1) the General Practitioner Service, 2) The Hospital and Specialist Service, and 3) Local Health Authority Service.
All doctors in the UK may take part in the Family Doctor System, or they may have private practice receiving the pay directly from the patients for their medical advice. Health Service doctors are paid by the Government, the pay depends on the number of patients they have served every month. The UK has both public and private hospitals which people may use. The patient is free to choose his doctor if he/she wishes to do so. The doctor may have private patients and work in the state service at the same time.
A General Practitioner (a family doctor) works according to his contract with the organs of the NHS, but his work is quite independent. He himself chooses the rooms for his work, acquires medical equipment and selects his assistants. He receives payment from the health service funds for each patient.
A general practitioner is not a specialized doctor. He cures diseases of all kinds. Only in case of necessity he directs his patients to a hospital for the cure by specialists.
The Hospital and Specialist Service
The hospital Service includes general and special hospitals, tuberculosis sanatoria, infectious disease units, and all forms of specialized treatment together with the provision of most surgical and medical needs. In each hospital area there is a University having a teaching hospital or a medical school.
In hospitals all treatment is free. Some NHS hospitals have sections in which patients may pay for private rooms. Each Hospital is staffed with consultants.
Local Health Authority Service includes the centers of mother and child, the staff of nurses for visiting patients at home, for helping the elderly people and babies. In spite of the large prophylactic work which is carried out by the service many infectious diseases are wide-spread over the country: infectious hepatitis, measles, whooping cough, scarlet fever, etc. Flu, pneumonia and bronchitis are met more often compared with other countries. But the mortality rate from infectious diseases and TB has greatly reduced. The following illnesses serve the main reasons of death in most of the cases: 1) the diseases of the circulatory system, 2) malignant tumors, 3) pneumonia.
Active vocabulary
to establish құру, орнату / устанавливать
a prescription рецепт
to cost бағасы / стоить
the course of treatment емдеу курсы / курс лечения
private жеке / частный
independent hospitals мемлекеттік емес ауруханалар/
негосударственные больницы
to choose таңдау/ выбирать
to wish қалау/ хотеть, желать
the General Practitioner Service дәрігер қызметі/ служба врачей общей практики
The Hospital and Specialist Service ауруханалық және арнайы маман қызметі/
больничная и специализированная служба
Local Health Authority Service жергілікті денсаулық сақтау ұйымдары қызметі /
местные органы здравоохранения
according to сәйкес / согласно, соответственно
quite түпкілікті / совершенно, полностью
to acquire алу/ приобретать
equipment құрал- жабдық / оборудование
need қажеттілік, қажет ету/ нужда, нуждаться
attention назар, көңіл/ внимание
section бөлім /отделение
to include қамту (құрамына ену) / включать
in spite of қарамастан / несмотря на
to carry out орындау, жасау / выполнять
wide-spread кең таралған / широко распространенный
measles қызылша / корь
whooping cough көк жөтел / коклюш
scarlet fever скарлатина
flu тұмау/ грипп
to reduce төмендеу, азаю/ снижаться
/
malignant tumor қатерлі ісік /злокачественная опухоль
THEME : NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE IN GREAT BRITAIN
Step I
I Pre-text Phonetic Exercises.
Ex:1. Work on the active vocabulary.
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Listen to the Teacher’s reading of active words attentively.
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Read the words individually.
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Learn the active vocabulary
Ex:2. Read and translate the following word combinations:
to establish, to include, the United Kingdom, the course of treatment, a general practitioner, to acquire medical equipment, to cure diseases, to select, in case of necessity, Local Health Authority Service, infectious hepatitis, diseases of all kinds, the main reasons of death.
II. Lexical exercises.
Ex:3. Give Kazakh equivalents.
Private patients, to choose a doctor, to direct a patient to a hospital, the staff of
nurses, prophylactic work, mortality rate, the following illnesses, to visit patients at home, to pay money for smth, hospital regions.
Ex:4. Give English equivalents.
рецепт жазып беру / выписывать рецепт, мемлекеттік қызмет/ государственная служба, келісім шартпен жұмыс жасау / работать по контракту, еңбекақы алу / получать зарплату, мамандандырылған дәрігер/ специализированный врач, штатпен қамтамасыз етілу/ быть укомплектованным (иметь штат), қарт адамдарға көмек көрсету/ оказать помощь пожилым людям, кең таралған / широко распространенный, салыстырғанда/ по сравнению с, өлімнің негізгі себептері болу/ являться (служить) основными причинами смерти, қатерлі ісік/ злокачественная опухоль
Ex:5 Read and translate the text.
Ex:6. Quote the sentences in which these words and word combinations are used in the text:
a prescription, independent, private, a general practitioner, to cure diseases,
to carry out, malignant tumour.
Ex:7. Find in the text Kazakh/ Russian equivalents to the following sentences:
a) The UK has both public and private hospitals which people may use.
b) The patient is free to choose his doctor if he/she wishes to do so.
c) The doctor may have private patients and work in the state service at the same time.
d) Each hospital is staffed with consultants.
e) He receives payment from the health service funds of about for each patient .
f) Flu, pneumonia and bronchitis are met more often compared with other countries.
Ex:8. Find in the text English equivalents to the following sentences:
1.Ұлыбританияда медициналық қызмет негізгі 3 бөлімнен тұрады: дәрігерлер қызметі, ауруханалық және арнайы маман қызметі және жергілікті денсаулық сақтау ұйымдары қызметі.
Медицинское обслуживание в Великобритании состоит из 3-х основных частей: служба врачей общей практики, специализированной и больничной службы, местных органов здравоохранения.
2. Жалпы емдеуші дәрігер жұмыс орнын таңдайды, медициналық жабдықтарды алады және қызметкерлерді іріктейді.
Врач общей практики выбирает помещение для работы, приобретает медицинское оборудование и подбирает сотрудников
3. Дәрігер -терапевт аурудың барлық түрлерін емдейді.
Врач общей практики лечит все виды болезней
4. Жұқпалы аурулар мен туберкулездан өлу жиелігі айтарлықтай төмендеді.
Смертность от инфекционных болезней и туберкулеза значительно снизилась
5. Көп жағдайларда келесі аурулар өлімнің негізгі себебі болып табылады: жүрек қан тамырлар аурулары, қатерлі ісіктер және пневмония.
Следующие болезни являются главной причиной смерти в большинстве случаев: сердечно-сосудистые болезни, злокачественные опухоли и пневмония
6. Жергілікті денсаулық ұйымдарына ана мен баланы қорғау орталығы, мейірбикелер штаты жатады.
Местные органы здравоохранения включают центры матери и ребенка, штат медсестер.
Post – Text Lexical Exercises.
Ex:9. Complete the sentences:
1 The UK has both public and private hospitals which … .
2. … and work in the state service at the same time.
3.A general practitioner works according to the contract with the organs of the NHS …….
4. … he directs his patients to a hospital for the cure by specialists.
5.Some NHS hospitals have sections in which patients … .
6.In spite of the large prophylactic work which is carried out by the service many infectious diseases are wide-spread over the country: … .
Ex:10. Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets:
1. The patient is free ( таңдау/ выбирать) his doctor and change to another one if he/she wishes to do so.
2. A general practitioner works (сәйкес /согласно) the contract with the organs of the NHS, but his work is quite independent.
3. He receives ( еңбек ақы/ зарплата) from the health service funds for each patient .
4. Only in case of necessity he (жіберу/ направлять) his patients to a hospital for the
(ем /лечение) by specialists.
5. (Қарамастан/ несмотря на ) the large prophylactic work which is carried out by the service many infectious diseases are wide - spread over the country.
Grammar Exercises
Ex:11. Choose the appropriate verbs given in brackets:
1. Medical aid (to be, to become) free in the country.
2. All the country (to divide, to separate) into hospital regions.
3. The patient is free (to select, to choose) his doctor.
4. A general practitioner ( to treat, to cure) diseases of all kinds.
5. But the mortality rate from infectious diseases and TB has greatly ( to reduce,
to shorten).
Ex:12. Compose 4 types of questions to the Text.
Ex:13. Express your agreement or disagreement with statements given below.
You are right. You are wrong
That’s right. That’s wrong
I agree with you. I disagree with you.
I think so. I don’t think so.
I am of the same opinion. I am afraid you are wrong.
1. The NHS was established in the United Kingdom in 1948.
2. The patient is not free to choose his doctor.
3. In Great Britain the NHS consists of 3 main parts: 1) the General Practitioner Service, 2) The Hospital and Specialist Service, and 3) Local Health Authority Service.
4. A general practitioner is a specialized doctor
5. Some NHS hospitals have sections in which patients may pay for private rooms
6. Local Health Authority Service includes the centres of mother and child, the staff of nurses for visiting patients at home, for helping the elderly people and babies.
7. Flu, pneumonia and bronchitis are not met more often compared with other countries.
Ex: 14. Answer the following questions:
1. When was the NHS established in the United Kingdom?
2. Does the population pay money for medical service?
3. What do they pay for?
4. Can the patient in Great Britain choose his doctor?
5. What are the main parts of the NHS?
6. Does a General practitioner in Great Britain work independently?
7. What does the Hospital Service include?
8. Is all treatment in hospitals free? May patients have private rooms in
hospitals?
9. What infectious diseases are wide-spread in Great Britain?
10. What problems are there in the NHS today?
Ex:15. Comment on the text using the following phrases:
From this text we have learnt that …
It was interesting to know that …
It should be mentioned that
Ex:16. Prepare your reports