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All British universities are private, that is not state-controlled institutions. Each has its own governing council, including some local businessmen and politicians as well as a few academics. Students have to pay for their education, university hostel, examinations, books, laboratories, the use of libraries, etc.
Besides universities there are polytechnics, numerous colleges for more specialized needs, such as teacher training, agriculture, economy, art and design, and law; a few hundred technical colleges providing part-time and full-time education. The Polytechnics, like the universities, offer the first and higher degrees. The polytechnics and some colleges provide sandwich courses. It is such a type of education where there are alternate periods of full-time employment and full-time education. Sandwich courses were introduced after the war and they are very popular in Great Britain now.
Дайте ответы на следующие вопросы
What universities were the first English universities?
When did Wales acquire a university?
When was the University of London founded?
Where were institutions of higher learning founded during the 19th century?
What institutions had become universities by 1967? Where are they located?
What are British universities made up of?
How can British universities be divided?
What are the main differences between the old and other universities?
How is tuition organized in Oxbridge?
What degree does a university graduate generally receive?
How long does the course of study at a university last?
What is the financial status of British universities and colleges?
Найдите эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний Посредством ( при помощи); методы обучения; присуждать степень бакалавра; высшее учебное заведение; включать провинциальные университеты; в начале каждого семестра; посещение лекций; отличаются от других; система обучения под руководством преподавателя (тьютора); выбрать какие лекции посетить; помимо лекций; частное учебное заведение; устав.
Выберите ответ на следующий вопрос
What are sandwich courses like?
The structure of higher education in Great Britain is very complex.
There are several types of institutions – universities, polytechnics, colleges for specialized needs.
It is such a type of education where there are alternate periods of full-time employment and full-time education.
Дополните предложения, используя варианты, данные во второй части упражнения.
A 1.Oxford and Cambridge are...2. During the 19th century institutions of higher education... 3. Ten of the local technical colleges ... 4. British universities ...5. Oxford and Cambridge ... 6. In Oxbridge any student ... 7. A student’s tutor ...8. At the beginning of each term ... 9. The Bachelor’s degree ... 10. All British universities ... 11. The Politechnics ... 12. “Tutorial system” .
B. 1. ...may be divided into three main groups. 2. ...were founded in most of the biggest industrial centers...3. ...is a college teacher planning the student’s work and supervising the student’s study. 4. ... sometimes referred to as Oxbridge. 5. ...is a system of individual tuition organized by the colleges. 6. ...is given to the students who pass their examinations at the end of the course. 7. ... offer the first and higher degrees. 8. ...had been given charters as universities by 1967. 9. ...may attend any university lecture. 10. ...a list is published showing all the lectures being given during the term within each faculty. 11. ...have their own governing councils including some local businessmen, politicians as well as a few academics. 12. ... differ greatly from all the others in general organization, traditions, methods of instruction, etc.
University of Cambridge.
The University of Cambridge is a public research university in Cambridge, England. It is the second oldest university in both England and the English – speaking world, and the seventh-oldest globally. The University grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed in 1209, early records suggest, by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with townsfolk. The two “ancient universities” have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of British society, they have a long history of rivalry with each other. Academically Cambridge ranks as one of the top universities in the world. Graduates of the University have won a total of 61 Nobel Prizes and academic staff of the University – 52 Nobel Prizes, second most of any academic institution (after Columbia University).
Cambridge is a collegiate university, meaning that it is made up of self-governing and independent colleges, each with its own property and income. Colleges are responsible for ensuring that lectures are given, arranging seminars, performing research and determining the syllabi for teaching. The colleges are in charge of student accommodation and finding most extracurricular activities. Together with the central administration headed by the Vice-Chancellor, they make up the entire University. All students are attached to a college. Colleges’ importance lies in the housing, welfare, social functions, and undergraduate teaching, they provide. All faculties, departments, research centers and laboratories belong to the university, which arranges lectures and awards degrees. Each college appoints its own teaching staff. Cambridge has 31 colleges of which three admit women only. The other colleges are mixed. In addition to the 31 colleges the University is made up of 150 departments, faculties, schools and other institutions. Members of these are usually also members of one or more of the colleges and responsibility for running the entire academic programme of the university is divided among them.
Cambridge has a lot of research departments. During the 1990s Cambridge added a substantial number of new specialist-research laboratories on several University sites in and around the city. The University is a member of the Russel Group, a network of research-led British universities; the League of European Research Universities; it is also considered part of the “Golden Triangle”, a geographical concentration of UK university research. The University is also closely linked with the development of the high-tech business cluster in and around Cambridge, which form the area known as “Silicon Fen” or sometimes the “Cambridge Phenomenon.”
The principal method of teaching at Cambridge colleges is the supervision. These are typically weekly hour-long sessions in which small groups of students – usually between one and three - meet with a member of the university’s teaching staff or a doctoral student. Students are normally required to complete an essay or assignment in advance of the supervision, which they discuss with the supervisor during the session, along with any difficulties they have had with the material presented in that week’s lectures. Typically, students receive between one and four supervisions per week. However the number of supervisions varies according to subject and college, it can often be the case that a student may receive more supervisions in one college than a student reading the same subject in another college. This teaching system is often cited as being unique to Cambridge and Oxford (where “supervisions” are known as “tutorials”).
The application system to Cambridge and Oxford involves additional requirements, with candidates typically called to face-to-face interviews. How applicants perform in the interview process is an important factor in determining which students are accepted. At least three A-level qualifications are required. Due to a very high proportion of applicants receiving the highest school grades, the interview process is crucial for distinguishing between the most able candidates.
Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний Имеют много общего; под руководством; соперничают друг с другом с давних времен; самоуправляющиеся и имеющие самостоятельный доход колледжи; отвечают за выполнение исследований; определяют учебные программы и расписание; присуждают степени; еженедельные практические занятия с преподавателем (тьютором); требуется выполнить задание заранее перед практическим занятием; также тесно связан с; дополнительные требования; собеседование имеет решающее значение; абитуриент; учебное заведение; обучение под руководством преподавателя (тьютора).
Дайте ответы на . вопросы, используя информацию из текста
What is the Cambridge University made up of?
What are colleges the University responsible for?
How many colleges does the University have?
Are all colleges mixed?
Who is the central administration of the University headed by?
What is the principal method of teaching in the Cambridge University?
What are students usually required to complete in advance of the supervision?
What do the students discuss during weekly sessions with their supervisors?
What is every college in charge of?
Is the number of supervisions the same in every college?
What does the application system to Cambridge involve?
Why is the face-to-face interview crucial?
What area is known as “Cambridge Phenomenon”?
Укажите, какие из данных утверждений неверны. Дайте правильную информацию.
Cambridge was formed by scholars leaving Oxford because the life there was very strict.
Oxford and Cambridge have many common features.
Each college in Cambridge has its own property and income.
The central administration of the University appoints the teaching staff of the colleges.
A supervisor is usually a member of the university’s teaching staff.
Typically, students receive only one supervision per week.
The Colleges are in charge of finding most extracurricular activities.
Cambridge is the only university in England that has supervision as the principal method of teaching.
A crucial factor in determining which students are accepted is the highest school grades.
Выберите ответ на следующий вопрос.
What does “supervision” imply?
providing weekly hour-long sessions the number of which varies according to subject and college.
discussing with the supervisor any difficulties the students have with the material presented in the week’s lectures.
organizing and controlling the student’s work, reporting to the administration on the success of the student, giving marks to students.
performing research, ensuring that lectures are given, arranging seminars.
Дополните предложения.
The Cambridge University is the second...
The Cambridge University ranks as...
The University is made up of...
Colleges provide...
Every week the students meet with...
During the weekly sessions students...
In Oxford the teaching system is...
Applicants to the Cambridge University must...
The University is a member of...
The “Silicon Fen” is...
.
Higher Education in Canada.
Canadian universities have a long record of providing an accessible university education to students from across Canada and around the world. Reflecting the rich history, many cultures and traditions, Canadian universities offer a mix of opportunities in a variety of educational settings. The 89 universities that are members of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada are located across the country, with institutions in every Canadian province. Taken together, they offer a wide range of courses.
In addition to universities, Canada’s postsecondary system includes 175 community colleges, which respond to the training needs of business, industry and the public service, as well as the educational needs of vocationally oriented secondary school graduates. These colleges, also known as institutes of technology, university colleges historically offered diplomas and certificates rather than degrees. Today, some offer degrees themselves, and a number offer university transfer programs or provide programs jointly with neighboring universities.
Universities in Canada range from large urban, multi-campus and research-intensive universities, offering a wide range of undergraduate, graduate and professional programs, to small liberal arts colleges with a focus on undergraduate education. Others provide specialized professional programs in fields such as business, engineering, art and design or agriculture.
Three universities are devoted entirely to distance education – a field in which Canada, a country of vast spaces and outstanding achievements in telecommunications, is a world leader. In fact, most universities of Canada offer a wide selection of courses through distance education, with formats ranging from traditional print or audiotape correspondence courses, to teleconference or computer conferences. Support systems for students who study at a distance are common, including study skills seminars, tutorial assistance by phone, fax or computer, and direct online links to campus libraries.
In addition to their teaching universities play a vital role in their local communities, offering concerts and plays, day care centers, sports and fitness facilities, lectures, museums, on-campus radio stations and art galleries open to all.
Research is central to the mission of Canadian universities. In fact, 25% of Canada’s research capacity is found in the universities – a far higher proportion than in most other countries. Students at Canadian universities are frequently involved in research projects, often during their early undergraduate years. Professors see research as an integral component to their classroom teaching.
A wide range of student services is offered by most universities, including special tutoring in writing and math skills, help in finding off-campus housing, academic career or personal counseling and health services. Many universities provide support to students with special needs, including single parents, women, those with physical or learning disabilities, aboriginal students, and students of diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Special programs are also often available to help first-year students improve their chances for success at university. Some offer courses aimed at integrating students to university life and studies. Many universities provide such assistance throughout the academic year.
Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний
Часто привлекают к участию в научно-исследовательских проектах; кроме университетов; студент, который еще не имеет степени бакалавра; дистанционное обучение; считают научно-исследовательскую работу неотъемлемой частью; выдающиеся достижения; помощь тьютора по телефону; в таких областях как; обеспечивать доступное университетское образование; кроме университетов; курсы направленные на вовлечение студентов в университетскую жизнь и занятия.
Выберите ответы на данные вопросы.
What do Canadian universities provide?
university transfer programs; b) vocationally oriented programs;
c) an accessible university education;
What institutions does Canada’s postsecondary system include?
specialized professional programs; b) a new model of postsecondary education;
c) community colleges;
3. What do support systems for students who study at a distance include?
a) university transfer programs, diplomas and certificates;
b) tutorial assistance by phone, fax or computer and direct online links to campus libraries;
c) programs with a focus on undergraduate education;
4. What are students in Canadian universities frequently involved?
a) in research projects; b) in extracurricular activities; c) in a wide selection of courses;
5. What is an integral component to the classroom teaching?
a) graduate programs; b) research work; c) vocationally oriented programs;
Составьте предложения.
1.Canadian universities provide...
2.Universities of Canada range from...
3. Community colleges respond to ...
4. In addition to their teaching Canadian universities offer ...
5. The universities in Canada provide ...
6. Special programs are available ...
B. 1. the training needs of business, industry and the public services.
2. support to students with special needs.
3. to help first-year students improve their chance for success at university.
4. education to students from across Canada and around the world.
5. large urban multi-campus and research-intensive universities to small liberal arts colleges.
6. concerts and plays, day care centers, sports and fitness facilities, lectures, museums in their local communities.
Найдите неправильное утверждение. Дайте верную информацию.
1.Canadian universities provide a full spectrum of undergraduate, graduate and professional programs.
2. Community colleges respond to the training needs of industry, business, public service as well as the educational needs of vocationally oriented school graduates.
3. Institutes of technology provide programs jointly with neighboring university.
4. Today, institutes of technology offer their graduates diplomas and certificates.
Расположите предложения в соответствии с ходом изложения информации в тексте
The universities play a vital role in their local communities.
Research is an integral part of the teaching process.
Universities provide support to single parents, women, people with learning or physical disabilities, part-time students.
Canada is a world leader in distance education.
There are large urban, research intensive universities and small colleges offering undergraduate education or specialized professional programs.
The universities taken together offer a wide range of courses.
Many universities provide special programs aimed at integrating first-year students to university life and studies.
In Canada universities are located across the country, with institution in every province.
The Cambridge University Libraries
Cambridge has more than 100 libraries. The University Library is the central research library, which holds over 8 million volumes and in contrast with the British Library, many of its books are available on open shelves. It is a legal deposit library, therefore it is entitled to request a free copy of every book published in the UK and Ireland. It receives around 80,000 books every year. In addition to the University Library and its dependent libraries, every faculty has a specialized library, which, on average, holds from 30,000 to 150,000 books. Also, every college has a library as well, partially for the purposes of undergraduate teaching, and the older colleges often possess many early books, in a separate library. Trinity College has, for example, more than 200,000 books printed before 1800. The total number of books owned by the university is about 13 million.