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B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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Q:F:N: |
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Au |
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=3&,0:0+8!/<5 +&4"'#+ +&:%&',-." 03!+"3</ 6#3#'</ +&4"'#+#/. |
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2'!$!30! 70$+&:0348,A6&"& *#'<?&!" 4!,!("0'3#4"A &3&,0:&. |
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• V/2$8"!/-8. *!/!521-& |
O4"&3&',0'&." +1 = 12 $#%&',!30!/ +&4"'#+& R)1, 3&7+!'&." $# (0*!30-. |
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D#4,! #G,&C$!30- *+#'#$-" *#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(0! 0:/!+!30-. |
!"#$ |
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- |
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7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0 4 HFI – [Au(CN2)] . |
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>&:%&',-." NaOH 0 "0"+8." AgNO3, *#,89&." 4(&9(0 "0"+#'&30- $,- |
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• 6%/D'%1-52#$-2 '%11. |
4'#%#$3#7# 0 4'-:&33#7# CN-. D#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! *+#'#$-" 4 |
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HFI 3& #43#'! Ag2S. |
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=:<=<> |
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• M2:2 |
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J!: *#$7#"#'(0, *+-/&- *#"!3;0#/!"+0- 4 HFI – I . |
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121
122
B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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9;: =< |
Br |
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• S!8![A+/D#-- |
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D+#%8 +&4"'#+-." |
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HNO3, |
+1 |
3-4. |
H4*#,A:8." |
*+-/8. |
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*#"!3;0#/!"+0. 4 HFI – Br-. |
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E@< =I |
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Cd2+ |
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D+0 30:(0G (#3;!3"+&;0-G (&$/0- #%+&:8!"4- "#3(05 4,#5 |
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• 6%/D'%1-52#$-2 '%11. |
7&,A'&309!4(#7# *#(+<"0-, |
(#"#+<5 |
*,#G# :&K0K&!" #" |
(#++#:00. |
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(/& 1%12#21-& 0!$".8-?, |
H:%<"#93#! 4#$!+C&30! (&$/0- – *+0903& *#,89!30- 3!+#'3#7# *#(+<"0-. |
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R #%+&:;8 $#%&',-." 5 |
+&4"'#+ NaNO3 |
' (&9!4"'! +!78,-"#+& 0#33#5 |
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#!(2"O%P-, BF4-. |
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40,<. 0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0 4 |
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HFI – Cd2+. |
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E@F=I |
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E+ |
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R 3&'!4(! *+#%< *+0%&',-." 0,1 +&4"'#+ NaCl 0 *!+!/!?0'&." 4/!4A |
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• R(!7"21-& |
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' "!9!30! 10 /03. 0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 |
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:&'040/#4"0 4 HFI – K+. |
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B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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L<G |
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Cu2+ |
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E-#/.2 [/2$8"!/-8. |
>&4"'#+< *+#%< +&:%&',-." 0,1 |
+&4"'#+#/ NaNO3 ' 4##"3#?!300 |
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1:100. 0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0 4 |
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3%/D'%1-52#$-, '%11 |
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HFI – Cu2+. |
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D#4,!$#'&"!,A3#! (#/*,!(4#3#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! Cu2+ 0 Zn2+ 4 |
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# |
6%/D'%1-52#$-2 |
04*#,A:#'&30!/ HFI – Cu2+. !?&.K!! ',0-30! Fe3+ 0 Cr3+ ' 4"#93<G |
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'%11., #8!51.2 '!(. |
'#$&G /&4(0+8!"4- %86!+3#5 4/!4A., 4#$!+C&K!5 70$+#6"&,&" (&,0- 0 |
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6"#+0$ 3&"+0-. |
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D+048"4"'0! /!$0 ',0-!" 3& E,!("+09!4(0! G&+&("!+04"0(0 (+!/30-, |
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04*#,A:8!/#7# ' *#,8*+#'#$30(#'#5 *+#/<?,!33#4"0. |
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E"2A1-? |
)%+&:!; +&4"'#+-." ' 4/!40 6 |
HCl, 36%-3#7# +&4"'#+& 12)2 0 |
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/0(+#(#,09!4"' G,#+0$& :#,#"&. >&4"'#+ 8*&+0'&.", #4"&"#( +&4"'#+-." ' |
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&;!"!"3#/ %86!+3#/ +&4"'#+! (+1 5). |
!"#$ $#%&'#( L+&3&. |
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:UL)=M@ |
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123
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B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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#9!'038 *!+!'#$-" ' &//0&(, (#3;!3"+&;0. (#"#+#7# #*+!$!,-." 4 |
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*#/#KA. HFI – NH3. D+#%8 #%+&%&"<'&." $04"0,,0+#'&33#5 '#$#5. +1 |
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*#,89!33#5 '<"-C(0 $#'#$-" $# 7, 04*#,A:8- 0,1 |
HCl 0,0 0,1 NaOH. |
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• R(!7"21-& |
U&"!/ *#4,!$#'&"!,A3# +&:%&',-." "'!+$8. I@B=, |
*#+#?(##%+&:38. |
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8+!&:8 0 %86!+3<5 +&4"'#+ 4 +1 8. F/!4A #4"&',-." ' :&(+<"#/ 4#48$! 3& 2 |
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9&4& 0 :&"!/ +&:%&',-." 10 +&4"'#+#/ NaOH ' #"3#?!300 50:1. |
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0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0. |
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M@N;=I |
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Na+ |
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=3&,0:0+8!/8. *8,A*8 +&:%&',-." ' 1000 |
+&: 0,05 |
+&4"'#+#/ |
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• H2//\/!*1.2 0+/D0. |
(NH4)2CO3. |
0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
!"#$ |
7+&$80+#'#93#5 |
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:&'040/#4"0. |
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M=N;@N |
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NO3 |
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• =*'2#81&$ |
1&'!4(8 0:/!,A9!33#5 *+#%< 4/!?0'&." 4 0,01 |
+&4"'#+#/ K2SO4. |
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0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0. |
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B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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• <'+*%A2P211.? |
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D+-/&- *#"!3;0#/!"+0-, /!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0. H3"!+'&, |
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!"8!B!#B%8 $%/DX-& |
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S |
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#*+!$!,-!/<G (#3;!3"+&;05 0,006 – 0,9%. |
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= 0,12-0,042. |
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1&'!4(8 0:/!,A9!33#5 *+#%< +&4"'#+-." ' +&:%&',!33#5 H2SO4. |
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D#,89!33<5 +&4"'#+ +&:%&',-." +&'3</ #%N!/#/ 0,5 +&4"'#+& Na2SO4. |
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• R(!7"21-& |
0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
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7+&$80+#'#93#5 |
:&'040/#4"0. |
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=0,1. |
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D#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! NO3 |
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30"+#3#/ ' |
*+048"4"'00 |
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%86!+& Na2SO4 + 6#+/0&". S |
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=0,005. D+-/&- *#"!3;0#/!"+0-, /!"#$ |
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• ;%#8'!". 0%//%(-2'., |
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[/2$8"!/-8!' |
7+&$80+#'#93#5 :&'040/#4"0 ' *+048"4"'00 &;!"!"3#7# %86!+& 4 +1 = 5 0 |
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=0,06. H#3 NO2- *+0 4##"3#?!300 NO2- - NO3- = 1:25 3! /!?&!" |
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Na2SO4. S |
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#*+!$!,!30.. |
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• N"%'-/D1.2 '%11. |
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F"&3$&+"3<5 +&4"'#+ 4#$!+C0" KNO3, I@B= 0 &//0&(. =,0('#"38. |
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9&4"A &3&,0:0+8!/#7# |
+&4"'#+& |
*+0%&',-." |
' 4##"3#?!300 1:10 ( |
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4"&3$&+"3#/8 +&4"'#+8. |
!"#$ $#%&'#(. |
0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
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