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126
B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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I(4"+&(;0- NO3 #%+&%#"(#5 |
#%+&:;& |
+&4"'#+#/ HBO3. D+-/&- |
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*#"!3;0#/!"+0-. |
!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93#5 |
:&'040/#4"0, *+0%&',-." |
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• Ag2O |
(NH4)2SO4 $,- 4#:$&30- *#4"#-33#5 0#33#5 40,<. D+0 #*+!$!,!300 0,11 – |
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0,027% NO3 |
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= 0,013-0,21. |
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• PbSiO3 |
I(4"+&70+8." NO3 |
'#$#5. D+-/&- *#"!3;0#/!"+0-, /!"#$ 7+&$80+#'#93# |
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:&'040/#4"0, /!"#$ 4"&3$&+"3<G $#%&'#(. D#7+!?3#4"A ±7%. |
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4L;TF:;@N> |
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- |
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ClO4 |
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FC07&." ' %#/%! D&++& $,- *!+!'!$!30- *!+G,#+&"#' ' G,#+0$<. L&: |
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• )*".'5%8.2 '2P2#8'% |
&%4#+%0+8." |
' +&4"'#+ 70$+&:0348,A6&"&, |
$#%&',-." HNO3 0 E"&3#,. |
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D#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! +&4"'#+#/ Hg(NO3)2 4 +1 = 1 4 HFI – Cl-. |
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• N'2"(.2 "%$281.2 |
1&'!4(8 |
*+#%< |
+&4"'#+-." ' |
$04"0,,0+#'&33#5 '#$!. D+#'#$-" |
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*#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! +&4"'#+#/ G,#+0$& "!"+&6!30,&+4#30- 4 |
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8!0/-'% |
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HFI – ClO4 . |
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B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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J)=MLH |
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Pb2+ |
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•6%/D'%1-52#$-2 '%11. |
=3&,0:0+8!/<5 +&4"'#+ +&:%&',-." |
4*0+"#/ 1:1 0 *+#'#$-" |
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*#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! Na2MoO4 4 HFI – Pb2+. |
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• E"%#$- |
>&4"'#+-." ' HNO3, $#'#$-" &;!"&"3</ %86!+3</ +&4"'#+#/ $# +1 5-6, |
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+&:%&',-." 4*0+"#/ (1:1). !"#$ 4"&3$&+"3<G $#%&'#(. |
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JL;L9;: Ag+ |
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• 6%/D'%1-52#$-2 '%11. |
D+#%8 +&4"'#+-." ' #"3#?!300 1:1000 $04"0,,0+#'&33#5 '#$#5. !"#$ |
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$#%&'#( 4 48,A60$4!+!%+-3</ E,!("+#$#/. |
0(+#*+#;!44#+3<5 0#3#/!+. |
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='"#/&"09!4(#! *#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! 4 HFI 3& #43#'! |
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• 28%//-52#$!2 #2"27"! - |
Ag2S/AgCl. H#3 Pd2+ '3#40" *#,#C0"!,A38. 404"!/&"09!4(8. *#7+!?3#4"A |
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#0/%'. 1% 23! !#1!'2 |
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' +!:8,A"&" "0"+#'&30-. S |
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=3·10-4-4·10-4. |
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• 6!"1.2 0!"!(. |
)*+!$!,!30! 4!+!%+& 4 HFI 3& #43#'! Ag(CN)2- 4 9!"'!+"093</ |
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&//#30!'</ #43#'&30!/ "+03#30,#("&$!;0,&//#30-. 1!+&4"'#+0/<! |
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6"#+0$< #"$!,-.". @,- +&:+8?!30- ;0&30$3<G (#/*,!(4#' /!$0 0 +"8"0 |
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''#$-" $#*#,30"!,A3<! (#/*,!(4##%+&:#'&"!,0. |
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128
B&%,0;& 4.3 (*+#$#,C!30!)
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JL;@ |
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S |
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F!+8 #(04,-." $# SO42- 0 "0"+8." +&4"'#+#/ Pb(ClO4)2 4 HFI – Pb2+. |
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1&'!4(8 '<48?!33#5 *+#%< *#/!K&." ' %#/%8 D&++&, :&*#,3!338. |
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• E%A211.? +3!/D |
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(04,#+#$#/ *#$ $&',!30!/ 2,5 D& 0 4C07&." *+#%8. D#,89!33<5 +&4"'#+ |
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3!5"+&,0:8." 1 |
+&4"'#+#/ R)1, *#$(04,-." |
1,3%-3#5 HClO4. |
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D+0%&',-." +&'3<5 #%N!/ 1,4-$0#(4&3&. F!+8 #(04,-." $# SO42- 0#3#' 0 |
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*+#'#$-" "0"+#'&30! Pb(ClO4)2 4 HFI – Pb2+. |
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2 :&'040/#4"0 #" "0*& *+#%< 4!+8 #(04,-." 4/!4A. HNO3 0 HClO4 0,0 |
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• H2//\/!*1%& 0+/D0% |
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30%-3</ +&4"'#+#/ 12)2 *+0 +1 10. U&"!/ +&4"'#+ *+#*84(&." 9!+!: |
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(#,#3(8 4 Al2O3, E,.0+8." +&4"'#+#/ &//0&(&. I,.&" 4/!?0'&." 4 |
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0:#*+#*&3#,#/ ' #"3#?!300 1:4 0 "0"+8." 0,05 +&4"'#+#/ Pb(ClO4)2. |
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JRFGS@N> |
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D#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(#! "0"+#'&30! 4 HFI – Pb2+. |
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SO42- |
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>&4"'#+!30! *+#%< ' HClO4 *+0 3&7+!'&300. B0"+#'&30! +&4"'#+#/ |
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• MgO |
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S |
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=0,015-0,5. |
[5] |
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Pb(ClO4)2 *+0 +1=3 ' '#$3#-E"&3#,A3#5 4+!$! (20% #%.). |
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B&%,0;& 4.3 (#(#39&30!)
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>&:,#C!30! *+#%< 10%-3#5 HNO3 *+0 3&7+!'&300. )"$!,!30! (&"0#3#' |
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3& (&"0#30"!, "0"+#'&30! +&4"'#+#/ Pb(ClO4)2 *+0 +1=4-6 ' *+048"4"'00 |
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• 9!"#!(2"O%P-2 "+(. |
NaNO3 $,- *#$$!+C&30- *#4"#-33#5 0#33#5 40,< 0 La(NO3)3 |
$,- |
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#4&C$!30- 6#46&"#' ' 4+!$! 55-60% &;!"#3&. S |
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= 0,0037. |
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• 4"-"!(1.2 #+/DB-(. |
>&:,#C!30! *+#%< ' 4/!40 HNO3 c HCl (3:1) 0 G+#/&"#7+&609!4(#! |
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#"$!,!30! SO4 |
2- |
#" (&"0#3#' 3& (&"0#30"!. B0"+#'&30! +&4"'#+#/ Pb(NO3)2 |
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[5] |
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O2/2*% |
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' 50%-3#/ E"&3#,!. S |
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<0,003. |
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129
!"#$%"&$%
1. |
P#/03 L.F. 2#$&. R#3"+#,A G0/09!4(#5, %&("!+0&,A3#5 |
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+&$0&;0#33#5 %!:#*&43#4"0 *# /!C$83&+#$3</ 4"&3$&+"&/. I3;0(,. |
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4*+&'#930(. – |
.Q D+#"!("#+, 2002. |
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2. |
F*+&'#93#! +8(#'#$4"'# *# *+0/!3!30. 0#34!,!("0'3<G |
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E,!("+#$#'Q D!+. 4 &37,. – |
.: 0+, 1986. |
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3. |
R. R&//&3. >&%#"& 4 0#34!,!("0'3</0 E,!("+#$&/0. – .: |
0+, |
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1980. |
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4. |
07$,0 @., B#++!34 R. D#"!3;0#/!"+09!4(05 &3&,0: '#$<.- |
.: |
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0+, 1980. |
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5. |
H#3#/!"+0- ' 3!#+7&309!4(#/ &3&,0:!. Y.=. @!/03&, 1.J. |
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R+&43#'& 0 $+. – |
.: W0/0-, 1991. |
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6. |
F.H 8+&'A!'&, 1.H. R&:303&, |
V.R. D+#G#+#'&. F*+&'#930( *# |
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(#3"+#,. '+!$3<G '!K!4"' ' '#:$8G!. – |
.Q W0/0-, 1988. |
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7. |
@/0"+0!' |
.B., |
R&:303& |
1.H., D03703& H.=. F&30"&+3#- |
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G0/09!4(05 &3&,0: :&7+-:3-.K0G '!K!4"' ' #(+8C&.K!5 4+!$!. – |
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W0/0-, 1989. |
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8. |
)*+!$!,!30! 3#+/0+8!/<G (#/*#3!3"#' ' *+0+#$3<G 0 4"#93<G |
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'#$&G. /D#$ +!$. |
. . F!3-'03&, J.P. |
-4#!$#'&. - .Q 1&8(&, 1987. |
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9.!"#$< &3&,0:& *0K!'<G *+#$8("#'/H: 4!+00 D+#%,!/<
&3&,0"09!4(#5 G0/00, B. 8 - D#$ +!$. \.=. R,-9(#, F. . J!,!3A(#7#. - |
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1&8(&, 1988. |
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10. |
R+84A L.1., X&,<703& =. ., 2#,#(0"03& U.2. |
!"#$< |
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044,!$#'&30- /#,#(& 0 /#,#93<G *+#$8("#'./D#$ #%K. +!$&(;0!5 =. . |
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X&,<703#5. – .Q R#,#4F, 2002. |
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11. |
Y.D. J+840,#'4(05, 2.D. X0$,#'4(&-. H#3#/!"+09!4(05 /!"#$ |
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(#3"+#,- &3#+/&,A3#7# /#,#(&.// #,#93&- *+#/<?,!33#4"A. – |
1998. |
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]6. – F. 19 – 20. |
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12. |
).2. U85, =.2. B!+,!;(&-. >&;0#3&,A3<! /!"#$< #*+!$!,!30- |
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&30#3#' ' '#$&G.//W0/0- 0 "!G3#,#70- '#$<. – 1994. – B.16, ]4. – F.
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