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F,$(#$!), &":%@$" < /.(/<" !/&$*",()6 *"*9,%(, 0" :" .%*)", 2%2 $ < :$12$6 *"*9,%(%6.

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=$.. 2.8. C$2,/B/0/7,%B$- .,"+% !/&$<$($&6&/,$1(/4 *"*9,%()

(Griffiths G.H., Moody G.J., Thomas J.D.R.//Analyst.- 1972. -97.-@. 420)

43


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45

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ClO4 , SCN-, I-, NO3-, Br-, Cl-. M 1&- %($/(/< CH3COO-, SO24 $ PO34

/0*"3"(% 0/&'2/ .!/./9(/.0' *"*9,%() ,"%7$,/<%0' (% $+*"("($" 2/(#"(0,%#$$ !/.&"1($6 < 3$.0)6 ,%.0</,%6 .//0<"0.0<5?@$6 ./&"4.

I0*"3"(% !,-*%- .<-+' D&"20,/1(/4 ."&"20$<(/.0$ . D2.0,%2#$/((/4 $+9$,%0"&'(/.0'? ./&"4 3"0<",0$3()6 %**/($"<)6 /.(/<%($4 < /,7%($3".2/* ,%.0</,$0"&". 5@".0<5"0 ,-1 %($/(/< < !/,-12" 5*"(';"($- $6 D&"20,/1(/4 $ $/(/(//9*"((/4 ."&"20$<(/.0$:

ClO4- > SCN- > BF4- > I- > NO3- > Br- > Cl- > CH3COO- > F- > H2PO4- >

SO42- .

(2.10)

46


J0/0 ,-1 2/,,"&$,5"0 . D(",7$"4 7$1,%0%#$$ %($/(%, /95.&/<&"((/4 <"&$3$(/4 +%,-1% $ ,%1$5.%.

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%($/(/< (% 7,%($#" </1(/7/ ,%.0</,% (<) $ /,7%($3".2/4 *"*9,%() (/)

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K A / X

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\G0/9*. = [\G07(A-) - \G07(X-)] – [\G0c(A-) - \G0c(X-)] - \G0D&.(KX(/)) -

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47


A+-';2 4.7. B2 !"&2,(/ #"C&.('+ 2(%( # .#-&.(/%(.8(+-.D E(F&

G2#<&. 1978. – 172 .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A+-';2 4.7.,

@(%#.#-& >.0.

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E+53"() B/.B%0()" ./&$ !",<$3()6 %&2$&%*$(/< < 2%3".0<"

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B/.B%0% %&2$&%*$(%, 0%2 2%2 !,$*"(-"*)" %*$() . 3$.&/* %0/*/< 57&",/1% /0 12 1/ 15 /9&%1%?0 9/&';/4 7$1,/B/9(/4 3%.0'? !,$ /9,%+/<%($$ %../#$%0/<. > D0/* .&53%" /9,%+5?0.- 9/&"" 5.0/43$<)" %../#$%0), 30/ !,$</1$0 2 +(%3$0"&'(/*5 .($:"($? !,"1"&% /9(%,5:"($- B/.B%0–$/(/<.

7.7. K&"(2#-, >.0. @(%#.#-&, 4.7, A+-';2. B<+2!"#3.#&2!(-.H+

-#) !-& L# L&!#- &<2(<&%(.#- 9"( .(I+.(( 9"+3+<& #$.&";I+.(/ L# L&!#-.//M2". =(%. I;".. – 1995. – >.61, ?7. – @. 39 – 41.

>)9/, !",<$3(/7/ %&2$&%*$(% !/10<",:1"( 2%&/,$*"0,$3".2$*$

$..&"1/<%($-*$. H&- !",<$3(/7/ %&2$&%*$(% D(0%&'!$- !,/#"..% /9,%+/<%($- %../#$%0% . B/.B%0–$/(/* \8 ,%<(-&%.' 74,3 2H:/*/&', % 0,"0$3(/7/ – 15 2H:/*/&'.

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, PdCl2 .

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48


"&"20$<(/.0' :$12/.0()6 $ !&"(/3()6 E J /95.&/<&"(% ,%+(/.0'? .</9/1()6 D(",7$4 !","./&'<%0%#$$ $/(/< !,$ !","6/1" $+ </1(/4 B%+) < *"*9,%((5?. > $/(/*"0,$$ < 2%3".0<" !/0"(#$//9,%+5?@$6 $/(/< !,"$*5@".0<"((/ $.!/&'+5?0 #$%($1()",

7%&/7"($1()" $ ,/1%($1()" %($/(()" 2/*!&"2.) *"0%&&/< (0%9&. 2.3).

O%9&$#% 2.3. B%."#0#$!/2#! 6.'.20!'#/0#2# =>9, +:'.0#7&6 2 7!0.""+2+74"!2/%&7 .%#+%.7 (E.E. NC#"#-, N.O. 1&=%&.P2#, 7.Q.

R;<+-(', @.E. Q#%&2#, 7.7. 1&!P2#// 8##"3(.&,(#..&/ =(%(/. – 2002. – >.28,

?10. – @. 751 – 754)

 

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1

2

3

4

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2·10-6(Cl-), 7·10-6(Br-),

Au(CN)2-

2.5·10-1-2.5·10-5

7·10-7

2-12

2·10-3(I-), 3·10-2(Ag(CN)2-),

 

 

 

 

6·10-2(ClO

4

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10-4(SCN-), 6·10-2 (Au(CN)2)-,

Au(CN)4-

1·10-2-2.0·10-6

1·10-6

2-12

3.3·10-5(I-),

 

1,2·10-3(Ag(CN)2-),

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6·10-3(ClO4-)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10-5(Cl-), 2·10-4(CN-),

Ag(CN)2-

1,0·10-1-2,5·10-6

1,0·10-6

6,5-12

3·10-2(Br-), 9·10-12(SCN-),

 

 

 

 

33,5(Au(CN)2-), 2.5(ClO4-)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ni2+, Sn2+, Bi3+, Cd2+, Fe2+ !

PbI3-

1,0·10-4-1,0·10-5

3,5·10-6

6-7

"!#$%& '() 10-*($& +" ),-.&*!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

49