Файл: Кочуров Геоэкология - экодиагностика и эколого-хозяйственный анализ территории.pdf

ВУЗ: Не указан

Категория: Не указан

Дисциплина: Не указана

Добавлен: 15.09.2020

Просмотров: 1523

Скачиваний: 22

ВНИМАНИЕ! Если данный файл нарушает Ваши авторские права, то обязательно сообщите нам.
background image

 

 

 

ijbgylv

a_feb

\oh^ysb_

\

wdheh]bq_kdbc

nhg^

k

fbgbfZevghc

:G

aZ

J

1

 

lh

iehsZ^b

a_f_ev

k

mkeh\ghc

hp_gdhc

kl_i_gb

:G

\

[ZeeZ

[m^ml

khklZ\eylv

J

2

J

3

J

4

,

a_feb

k

kZfuf

\ukhdbf

[Zeehf

:G

\

jZkq_l

g_

ijbgbfZ

xlky

LZdbf

h[jZahf

ihy\ey_lky

\hafh`ghklv

ihemqblv

kmffZjgmx

iehsZ^v

a_f_ev

kh

kj_^h

-

b

j_kmjkhklZ[bebabjmxsbfb

nmgdpbyfb

KN

ih

ke_^mx

s_c

nhjfme_

 

Jkn

 

J

1

 

J

J

3

J

?keb

khhlg_klb

iehsZ^v

a_f_ev

Jkn

d

h[s_c

iehsZ^b

bkke_^m_fhc

l_j

jblhjbb

J

H

Jkn

Jh

lh

fu

ihemqbf

dhwnnbpb_gl

_kl_kl\_gghc

aZsbs_gghklb

l_jjblhjbb

 

D_a

<

ij_^_eZo

Fhkdh\kdhc

h[eZklb

hg

baf_gy_lky

hl

 

^h

D_a

f_g__

k\b^_l_evkl\m_l

h

djblbq_kdhf

mjh\g_

aZsbs_gghklb

l_jjb

lhjbb

<

hlebqb_

hl

lZdbo

ihdZaZl_e_c

dZd

e_kbklhklv

jZkiZoZgghklv

b

l

i

D_a

ghkbl

bgl_]jZevguc

oZjZdl_j

b

fh`_l

[ulv

bkihevah\Zg

^ey

dhfie_dkghc

hp_gdb

l_jjblhjbb

 

LZdbf

h[jZahf

hl

kljmdlmju

a_fe_ihevah\Zgby

aZ\bkbl

dZd

ijhbkoh^bl

jZkij_^_e_gb_

b

i_j_jZkij_^_e_gb_

Zgljhih]_gguo

gZ]jmahd

ih

l_jjblhjbb

b

\

dhg_qghf

kq_l_

mklhcqb\hklv

eZg^rZnlh\

<

wlhf

kemqZ_

khhl\_lkl\b_

kljmd

lmju

a_fe_ihevah\Zgby

 

ohayckl\_gghc

ki_pbZebaZpbb

b

kljmdlmju

eZg^rZn

lh\

bf__l

\Z`gh_

gZmqgh

-

ijZdlbq_kdh_

agZq_gb_

Hgh

fh`_l

[ulv

^hklb]gmlh

gZ

hkgh\_

hp_gdb

WOK

l_jjblhjbb

Z

aZl_f

ijZ\bevghc

__

hj]ZgbaZpbb

a_fe_

mkljhckl\Z

k

mq_lhf

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

[ZeZgkZ

WO;

 

<Z`guf

ij_^klZ\ey_lky

mklZgh\e_gb_

ij_^_evguo

\_ebqbg

khhlghr_gbc

jZaebqguo

a_f_ev

b

m]h^bc

^ey

jZaebqguo

j_]bhgh\

hgb

[m^ml

jZagufb

\

aZ\b

kbfhklb

hl

ijbjh^gh

-

ahgZevguo

b

ohayckl\_gguo

mkeh\bc

 

K

bkihevah\Zgb_f

kljmdlmjguo

 

qbk_e

ba\_klgh]h

]j_q_kdhx

Zjobl_d

lhjZ

K

:

>hdkbZ^bkZ

J_cf_jk

mqblu\Zxsbo

khhlghr_gb_

ijbjh^guo

b

Zgljhih]_ggh

baf_g_gguo

eZg^rZnlh\

b^_ZevgZy

kljmdlmjZ

dZl_]hjbc

b

\b^h\

a_f_ev

gZ

hk\h_gguo

l_jjblhjbyo

^he`gZ

\u]ey^_lv

ke_^mxs_c

a_feb

k_ev

kdhohayckl\_ggh]h

gZagZq_gby

\dexqZy

gZk_e_ggu_

imgdlu

-

ijhfur

e_gghklv

ljZgkihjl

-

e_kgh]h

nhg^Z

]hkm^Zjkl\_ggh]h

aZiZkZ

aZih

\_^gbdh\

gZpbhgZevguo

iZjdh\

j_]mebjm_fuo

j_dj_Zpbhgguo

ahg

-

WlZ

kljmdlmjZ

kbevgh

hlebqZ_lky

hl

keh`b\r_cky

\

Fhkdh\kdhc

h[eZklb

]^_

a_feb

k_evkdhohayckl\_ggh]h

gZagZq_gby

aZgbfZxl

 

]hjh^h\

b

gZk_e_gguo

imgdlh\

-

ijhfure_gghklb

b

ljZgkihjlZ

-

e_kgh]h

nhg^Z

- 39,4%, 

]hkm^Zjkl\_ggh]h

aZiZkZ

-

 

Ij_`^_

\k_]h

 

\

h[eZklb

gm`gh

agZqbl_evgh

mf_gvrblv

iehsZ^v

k_evkdhohayckl\_gguo

ijhfure_gguo

b

ljZgkihjlguo

a_f_ev

b

m\_ebqblv

iehsZ^v

hkh[h

hojZgy_fuo

l_jjblhjbc

Lhevdh

lZdZy

k[Z

eZgkbjh\ZggZy

kljmdlmjZ

a_fe_ihevah\Zgby

agZqbl_evgh

memqrbl

wdheh]bq_

kdh_

khklhygb_

Fhkdh\kdhc

h[eZklb

 

Wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_gguc

[ZeZgk

l_jjblhjbb

fh`_l

[ulv

^hklb]gml

aZ

kq_l

ijbjh^gh

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

ahgbjh\Zgby

l_jjblhjbb

b

\u^_e_gby

ghhkn_j

guo

ahg

b

iZjdh\

LZd

\

Mklv

-

Dhdkbgkdhf

jZchgZ

=hjgh]h

:elZy

:elZy

[ueh

\u^_e_gh

q_luj_

ijbjh^gh

-

ohayckl\_ggu_

ahgu

ghhkn_jgu_

iZjdb

kh[kl\_g

gh

ijbjh^gZy

beb

aZih\_^gZy

j_dj_Zpbhggh

-

ijhfukeh\Zy

k_evkdhohayckl\_g

gZy

b

k_ebl_[gZy

jbk

iha\heyxsb_

kha^Zlv

`_kldbc

wdheh]bq_kdbc

dZjdZk

l_jjblhjbb

h[_ki_qblv

l_kgmx

\aZbfhk\yav

ijbjh^guo

b

ohayckl\_gguo

nZd

lhjh\

jZpbhgZevgh

bkihevah\Zlv

ijbjh^gh

-

j_kmjkguc

ihl_gpbZe

khojZgblv

kj_^h

-

b

j_kmjkh\hkijhba\h^ysb_

nmgdpbb

eZg^rZnlh\

b

ih\urZlv

dZq_kl\h

ijhba\h^bfhc

ijh^mdpbb

 


background image

 

 

 

<

ghhkn_jguo

ahgZo

ijhba\h^kl\_ggZy

^_yl_evghklv

kh\_jrZ_lky

\

]Zj

fhgbb

k

ijbjh^hc

g_

^h\h^y

j_kmjku

^h

bklhs_gby

Qbke_gghklv

gZk_e_gby

dhebq_kl\h

b

dZq_kl\h

ijhba\h^bfhc

ijh^mdpbb

\

ahg_

iheghklvx

hij_^_ey_lky

__

j_kmjkZfb

\

i_j\mx

hq_j_^v

ijbjh^gufb

Ijhba\h^kl\h

ih^qbgy_lky

mkeh

\byf

khhl\_lkl\by

wdhghfbq_kdbo

oZjZdl_jbklbd

wdheh]bq_kdbf

djbl_jbyf

g_

ij_\urZy

^himklbfuo

gZ]jmahd

beb

lj_[h\Zgbc

gZ

ihlj_[ey_fuc

j_kmjk

beb

hdjm`Zxsmx

kj_^m

\

p_ehf

Ihemq_ggmx

ijh^mdpbx

jZchg

h[f_gb\Z_l

gZ

g_^hklZxsb_

j_kmjku

aZ

_]h

ij_^_eZfb

 

H[sbf

^ey

\u^_e_gguo

ahg

y\ey_lky

bo

keZ[Zy

mklhcqb\hklv

d

jZaebq

guf

Zgljhih]_gguf

\ha^_ckl\byf

Ihwlhfm

a^_kv

h]jZgbq_gby

b

aZij_lu

 

^he`gu

kh\f_sZlvky

kh

kljmdlmjgufb

memqr_gbyfb

l_jjblhjbb

>ey

k_evkdh

ohayckl\_gghc

ahgu

jZkiheZ]Zxs_c

gb`_

\ukhlu

f

gZ^

m

f

g_h[oh^bfh

kgbablv

m^_evguc

\_k

iZrgb

\

iehsZ^b

k_evkdhohayckl\_gguo

m]h^bc

^h

-30 

luk

]Z

b

hj]Zgbah\Zlv

memqr_ggu_

dmevlmjgu_

k_ghdhku

b

iZkl[bsZ

Fh`_l

[ulv

ij_^eh`_gZ

ke_^mxsZy

kljmdlmjZ

m]h^bc

iZrgy

-

k_ghdhku

-

b

iZkl[bsZ

-

LZdh_

khhlghr_gb_

[m^_l

kihkh[kl\h\Zlv

g_

lhevdh

ih\ur_gbx

mklhcqb\hklb

l_jjblhjbb

d

Zgljhih]_gguf

gZ]jmadZf

gh

b

agZqbl_evgh

h[e_]

qbl

j_r_gb_

hkljhc

ijh[e_fu

dhjfhijhba\h^kl\Z

^ey

ih]heh\vy

kdhlZ

 

JZaghh[jZagu_

eZg^rZnlgu_

mkeh\by

g_ljhgmlu_

kh\j_f_gghc

pb\beb

aZpb_c

ijbjh^gu_

m]hedb

qbklu_

\ha^mo

b

\h^Z

[h]Zlkl\h

[bheh]bq_kdbo

j_

kmjkh\

Mklv

-

Dhdkbgkdh]h

jZchgZ

bf_xl

\Z`gh_

agZq_gb_

^ey

ijbhjbl_lgh]h

jZa\blby

j_dj_Zpbhggh]h

gZijZ\e_gby

\

ohayckl\_

jZchgZ

J_dj_Zpbhggu_

j_kmjku

fh]ml

klZlv

hkgh\guf

bklhqgbdhf

nbgZgkh\uo

ihklmie_gbc

\

[x^`_l

jZchgZ

b

j_kim[ebdb

 

H^gZdh

j_adbc

ijblhd

lmjbklh\

-

j_dj_Zglh\

fh`_l

ijb\_klb

d

g_]Zlb\

guf

wdheh]bq_kdbf

ihke_^kl\byf

J_amevlZlu

hp_gdb

WOK

l_jjblhjbb

jZchgZ

ihdZau\Zxl

ke_^mxsmx

dZjlbgm

KmffZjgZy

_fdhklv

lmjbklkdbo

fZjrjmlh\

g_

^he`gZ

ij_\urZlv

i_rbo

-

hdheh

luk

q_eh\_d

ijb

^gyo

k_ahgZ

b

lj_o

]jmiiZo

ih

-

q_eh\_d

\

^_gv

\h^guo

-

hdheh

luk

q_eh\_d

ijb

-

^gyo

k_ahgZ

b

lj_o

]jmiiZo

ih

-

q_eh\_d

\

^_gv

 

<u^_e_ggu_

ghhkn_jgu_

ahgu

b

iZjdb

y\eyxlky

hkgh\hc

^ey

eZg^rZnl

gh]h

ijh_dlbjh\Zgby

gh\uo

nhjf

ijbjh^hihevah\Zgby

-

wdheh]bq_kdbo

kljmd

lmj

mklhcqb\h]h

jZa\blby

wdhihebkh\

l_oghihebkh\

 

wdheh]h

-

wdhghfbq_kdbo

ahg

b

^j

Wlb

h[jZah\Zgby

y\eyxlky

k\h_h[jZagufb

y^jZfb

lhqdZfb

jhk

lZ

\hdjm]

dhlhjuo

\

khhl\_lkl\bb

k

aZ^Zggufb

ghhkn_jgufb

b

wdheh]bq_kdb

fb

ijbgpbiZfb

hj]Zgbamxlky

h[mkljZb\Zxlky

b

jZa\b\Zxlky

khk_^gb_

l_jjb

lhjbb

<u[hj

lZdhc

lhqdb

jhklZ

b

__

ki_pbZebaZpbb

h[mkeZ\eb\Z_lky

kljmdlm

jhc

f_klgh]h

ijbjh^gh

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

dhfie_dkZ

ljZ^bpbyfb

hjb_glZpb_c

gZk_e_gby

Fh]ml

[ulv

ijbjh^hhojZggu_

j_dj_Zpbhggu_

Z]jZjgu_

ljZ^bpb

hggh

-

ijhfukeh\u_

b

^jm]b_

wdhihebku

b

l_oghihebku

Gh

h[yaZl_evguf

kh

klZ\guf

we_f_glhf

\k_o

wlbo

h[jZah\Zgbc

^he`gu

[ulv

hojZgy_fu_

ijbjh^

gu_

l_jjblhjbb

\uihegyxsb_

aZsblgu_

j_kmjkhnhjfbjmxsb_

wdheh]bq_

kdb_

b

^jm]b_

nmgdpbb

Z

lZd`_

bgnhjfZpbhggu_

l_ogheh]bb

iha\heyxsb_

fZdkbfZevgu_

agZq_gby

\_dlhjZ

ijhba\h^kl\Z

mjZ\gh\_rb\Zlv

fbgbfZevgufb

ihl_jyfb

^ey

ijbjh^ghc

kj_^u

b

hkms_kl\blv

i_j_oh^

hl

ljZ^bpbhggh]h

bg^m

kljbZevgh]h

h[s_kl\Z

d

ihklbg^mkljbZevghfm

]^_

\hkijhba\h^kl\m

[m^_l

ih^

\_j]Zlvky

kZf

q_eh\_d

khpbmf

k

hdjm`Zxs_c

kj_^hc

Wlh

ij_^iheZ]Z_l

lZd`_

khklZ\e_gb_

dhfie_dkguo

ijh]jZff

wdhghfbq_kdh]h

b

khpbZevgh

-

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

jZa\blby

j_]bhgh\

 


background image

 

 

 

K

ihabpbc

wdheh]bq_kdb

k[ZeZgkbjh\Zggh]h

jZa\blby

\Z`gh_

agZq_gb_

bf_xl

bgl_]jZevgu_

wdheh]h

-

wdhghfbq_kdb_

ihdZaZl_eb

bg^_dk

]mfZgblZjgh]h

jZa\blby

ij_^eh`_gguc

HHG

b

bg^_dk

mklhcqb\h]h

wdhghfbq_kdh]h

[eZ]hkhk

lhygby

ij_^eh`_gguc

=

>Zeb

b

>`

Dh[[hf

I_j\uc

\dexqZ_l

ijh^he`bl_ev

ghklv

mjh\_gv

agZgbc

b

mjh\_gv

h\eZ^_gby

j_kmjkZfb

g_h[oh^bfufb

^ey

ghj

fZevghc

`bagb

<lhjhc

-

y\ey_lky

dhfie_dkguf

ihdZaZl_e_f

b

mqblu\Z_l

ba

^_j`db

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

oZjZdl_jZ

 

L

W

I_ljh\Z

[12] 

gZ

hkgh\_

ihdZaZl_ey

HHG

\\h^bl

bg^_dk

wdheh]bq_

kdh]h

h[_ki_q_gby

jZa\blby

q_eh\_q_kdh]h

ihl_gpbZeZ

b

j_]bhgZevghc

wdhijh

^mdl

Bg^_dk

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

h[_ki_q_gby

^hihegy_lky

h[_ki_q_gghklvx

gZk_

e_gby

wdhmkem]Zfb

wdh[eZ]Zfb

D

gbf

hlg_k_gZ

qZklv

ijbjh^gh]h

ihl_gpbZeZ

nZdlbq_kdb

bkihevam_fZy

gZk_e_gb_f

b

hp_gb\Z_fZy

\

klhbfhklghc

nhjf_

J_]bhgZevguc

wdhijh^mdl

ij_^klZ\ey_l

kh[hc

\_ebqbgm

j_]bhgZevgh]h

\Zeh\h

]h

\gmlj_gg_]h

ijh^mdlZ

aZ

\uq_lhf

h[t_fZ

gZ

j_kmjkhihlj_[e_gb_

b

j_kmjkh

\hkklZgh\e_gb_

 

 

<hijhku

d

ijZdlbdmfm

 

1. 

>Zcl_

hij_^_e_gb_

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

[ZeZgkZ

WO;

l_jjblh

jbb

 

2. 

DZd

m\yau\Zxlky

ihgylby

]Zjfhgby

b

[ZeZgk

ijf_gbl_evgh

d

\aZb

fh^_ckl\bx

q_eh\_dZ

h[s_kl\Z

b

ijbjh^u

"

 

3. 

DZdb_

oZjZdl_jbklbdb

\dexqZ_l

\

k_[y

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_gguc

[Z

eZgk

l_jjblhjbb

"

 

4. 

DeZkkbnbdZpby

\b^h\

b

dZl_]hjbc

a_f_ev

ih

kl_i_gb

Zgljhih]_gghc

gZ]jmadb

 

5. 

Hij_^_e_gb_

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_gghc

gZijy`_gghklb

l_jjblhjbb

 

6. 

Qlh

lZdh_

_kl_kl\_ggZy

aZsbs_gghklv

b

wdheh]bq_kdbc

nhg^

l_j

jblhjbb

"

 

7. 

Hij_^_e_gb_

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

[ZeZgkZ

l_jjblhjbb

gZ

ijbf_

j_

Fhkdh\kdhc

h[eZklb

b

=hjgh]h

:elZy

 

 
 
 
 
 
 

IJBJH>GH

-

:GLJHIH=?GGU?

KBKL?FU

=?HWDHKHPBHKBKL?FU

 

 

 

<k_

gZjZklZxs__

bkihevah\Zgb_

ijbjh^guo

j_kmjkh\

m]em[e_gb_

ijh

p_kkh\

hk\h_gby

l_jjblhjbc

b

g_]Zlb\gu_

ihke_^kl\by

ohayckl\_gghc

^_yl_ev

ghklb

q_eh\_dZ

\ujZ`Zxsb_ky

\

aZ]jyag_gbb

gZjmr_gbb

b

^_]jZ^Zpbb

hdjm

`Zxs_c

ijbjh^ghc

kj_^u

ijb\_eb

d

baf_g_gbx

h[ebdZ

b

jZajmr_gbx

ijb

jh^guo

eZg^rZnlh\

Jhkkbb

<k_

wlh

fh`gh

jZkkfZljb\Zlv

dZd

mljZlm

gZpbh

gZevgh]h

ijbjh^gh]h

gZke_^by

k

^Ze_dh

b^msbfb

b

ljm^ghij_^kdZam_fufb

ihke_^kl\byfb

g_

lhevdh

^ey

Jhkkbb

gh

b

\k_]h

fbjZ

\

p_ehf

GZb[he__

k_jv

_aghc

ijh[e_fhc

ijb

wlhf

y\ey_lky

mljZlZ

[bheh]bq_kdh]h

b

]_h]jZnbq_kdh]h

eZg^rZnlgh]h

jZaghh[jZaby

Z

lZd`_

g_ih\lhjbfhklb

mgbdZevghklb

ijbjh^

guo

h[t_dlh\

bo

wkl_lbq_kdhc

ijb\e_dZl_evghklb

 


background image

 

 

 

Kh\j_f_gguc

eZg^rZnl

ij_^klZ\ey_l

kh[hc

ijbjh^gh

-

Zgljhih]_gguc

dhfie_dk

\

ij_^_eZo

dhlhjhc

ijbjh^gu_

Zgljhih]_ggu_

^_fh]jZnbq_kdb_

wlgbq_kdb_

b

khpbhdmevlmjgu_

nZdlhju

gZoh^ylky

\

l_kghf

\aZbfh^_ckl\bb

h[jZamy

h^ghjh^gmx

ih

mkeh\byf

jZa\blby

_^bgmx

g_jZaju\gmx

ijbkmsmx

^Zgghfm

j_]bhgm

beb

f_klghklb

kbkl_fm

– 

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_fm

HilbfbaZpby

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f

^hklb]Z_lky

aZ

kq_l

eZg^rZnlgh]h

ieZ

gbjh\Zgby

b

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

mkljhckl\Z

l_jjblhjbb

>bgZfbq_kdh_

jZ\gh\_kb_

\

g_c

h[_ki_qb\Z_lky

mijZ\e_gb_f

kh

klhjhgu

q_eh\_dZ

 

DZ`^Zy

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_fZ

l_jjblhjbZevgh

h]jZgbq_gZ

b_jZjobq_kdb

khih^qbg_gZ

b

hldjulZ

h[eZ^Z_l

hij_^_e_gghc

kljmdlmjhc

bf__l

oZjZdl_jgh_

\j_fy

jZa\blby

b

y\ey_lky

mijZ\ey_fhc

L_jjblhjbZevgh_

khq_lZgb_

we_f_glZj

guo

]_hkbkl_f

h[jZam_l

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_fm

[he__

\ukhdh]h

b_jZjobq_kdh]h

mjh\gy

ehdZevgh]h

b

j_]bhgZevgh]h

Hgb

fh]ml

\uihegylv

g_kdhevdh

nmgdpbc

H^gZdh

_keb

]eZ\ghc

\

nhjfbjh\Zgbb

lZdhc

kbkl_fu

y\ey_lky

h^gZ

ba

nmgd

pbc

Z

^jm]b_

aZgbfZxl

ih^qbg_ggh_

iheh`_gb_

lh

mkeh\gh

__

fh`gh

kqblZlv

kbkl_fhc

fhghnmgdpbhgZevghc

GZijbf_j

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_fu

ij_bfms_kl

\_ggh

j_dj_Zpbhggh]h

]hjghijhfure_ggh]h

k_ebl_[gh]h

b

l

i

gZijZ\e_gby

D

we_f_glZjghc

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f_

fh`gh

hlg_klb

hk\h_ggmx

l_jjblhjbx

\u^_eZ

nZpbb

[he__

f_g__

h^ghjh^guc

\

ijbjh^ghf

hlghr_gbb

mqZklhd

k

hij_^_e_gguf

\b^hf

b

kihkh[hf

ijbjh^hihevah\Zgby

Khq_lZgb_

we_f_glZj

guo

b

ehdZevguo

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f

h[jZam_l

keh`gmx

b_jZjobq_kdmx

kljmd

lmjm

<

dZq_kl\_

lZdkhghfbq_kdbo

mjh\g_c

wlbo

l_jjblhjbZevguo

khq_lZgbc

fh]ml

\uklmiZlv

ij_^ijbylby

b

ohayckl\Z

a_fe_ihevah\Zl_eb

b

a_fe_\eZ^_ev

pu

Z^fbgbkljZlb\guc

jZchg

b

h[eZklv

j_kim[ebdZ

Nhjfbjh\Zgb_

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f

k\yaZgh

k

hj]ZgbaZpb_c

l_jjblhjbb

b

nhjfbjh\Zgb_f

gh\uo

ijhkljZgkl\_gguo

nhjf

a_fe_ihevah\Zgby

 

ijbjh^h

ihevah\Zgby

<

gZklhys__

\j_fy

\

j_]bhgZo

Jhkkbb

dZd

hj]ZgbaZpby

l_jjblh

jbb

lZd

b

__

h[mkljhckl\h

gZoh^ylky

\

djZcg_

aZims_gghf

khklhygbb

qlh

y\ey

_lky

kms_kl\_gguf

lhjfhahf

^ey

mklhcqb\h]h

wdheh]bq_kdb

[_ahiZkgh]h

jZa\b

lby

 

Kh\j_f_ggh_

ij_^klZ\e_gb_

h[

hj]ZgbaZpbb

l_jjblhjbb

l_kguf

h[jZahf

k\yaZgu

k

hp_gdhc

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

khklhygby

l_jjblhjbb

b

__

mkljhc

kl\Z

Khklhygb_

l_jjblhjbb

^he`gh

[ulv

hp_g_gh

ih

lZdbf

djbl_jbyf

b

ihdZ

aZl_eyf

dhlhju_

\

gZb[hevr_c

f_j_

khhl\_lkl\mxl

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_gguf

p_eyf

__

mkljhckl\Z

b

fh]ml

[ulv

bkihevah\Zgu

\

ijhp_kk_

l_jjblhjbZevgh]h

mijZ\e_gby

lh

_klv

bgl_jij_lbjh\Zgu

\

wdhghfbq_kdhf

ieZg_

b

khihklZ\e_gu

k

ijZ\h\ufb

ghjfZfb

mklZgZ\eb\Zxsbfb

j_`bfu

h]jZgbq_gby

bkihevah\Zgby

l_jjblhjbb

<u^_e_gb_

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f

fh`gh

ijhba\h^blv

ih

\b^Zf

bkihevah

\Zgby

a_f_ev

b

ih

Z^fbgbkljZlb\guf

mijZ\ey_fuf

l_jjblhjbyf

GZb[hevrbc

bgl_j_k

ijb

jZkkfhlj_gbb

kh\j_f_ggh]h

bkihevah\Zgby

a_

f_ev

ij_^klZ\ey_l

ko_fZ

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

jZg`bjh\Zgby

hl^_evguo

\b^h\

bk

ihevah\Zgby

l_jjblhjbc

 

kf

lZ[e

 

<

wlhc

ko_f_

l_jjblhjbb

^_eylky

gZ

 

djmigu_

dZl_]hjbb

ijbgpbibZevgh

jZaebqZxsb_ky

ih

oZjZdl_jm

b

kl_i_gb

Zgljhih]_ggh]h

l_ogh]_ggh]h

\ha^_ckl\by

aZkljh_ggu_

\ha^_eu\Z_fu_

bkihevam_fu_

\

_kl_kl\_gghf

\b^_

b

g_bkihevam_fu_

a_feb

[1]. 

LZdh_

`_

jZg`bjh\Zgb_

fh`_l

[ulv

ijh\_^_gh

b

^ey

Zd\Zlhjbc

kf

lZ[e

<u^_eyxlky

lZd`_

djmigu_

dZl_]hjbb

bkihevah\Zgby

Zd\Zlhjbc

ijhba

\h^kl\_ggh]h

bkihevah\Zgby

\h^hohayckl\_ggu_

bkihevam_fu_

\

_kl_kl

\_gghf

\b^_

b

g_bkihevam_fu_

Zd\Zlhjbb

 


background image

 

 

 

<

jZfdZo

ij_^eh`_gguo

dZl_]hjbc

jZkkfZljb\Zxlky

hl^_evgu_

\b^u

b

ih^\b^u

bkihevah\Zgby

a_f_ev

b

Zd\Zlhjbc

dhebq_kl\h

dhlhjuo

fh`_l

[ulv

agZqbl_evguf

G_ljm^gh

aZf_lblv

qlh

\k_

dZl_]hjbb

\b^u

b

ih^\b^u

bkihev

ah\Zgby

l_jjblhjbc

b

Zd\Zlhjbc

y\eyxlky

ih

kms_kl\m

jZagufb

]_hwdhkhpbhkb

kl_fZfb

deZkkbnbpbjh\Zggufb

ih

kl_i_gb

Zgljhih]_gghc

ij_h[jZah\Zgghklb

 

<

kbkl_f_

Z^fbgbkljZlb\ghc

 

mijZ\ey_fhc

l_jjblhjbb

p_e_khh[jZagh

jZkkfZljb\Zlv

ke_^mxsmx

b_jZjobq_kdmx

kljmdlmjm

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f

lZ[e

]^_

dZ`^hfm

mjh\gx

mijZ\e_gby

khhl\_lkl\mxl

hij_^_e_ggu_

p_eb

hj]Zgb

aZpbb

b

mkljhckl\Z

l_jjblhjbb

Z

lZd`_

ih^qbg_ggu_

bf

Z^fbgbkljZlb\gu_

h[jZah\Zgby

 

<u^_eyxlky

q_luj_

b_jZjobq_kdbo

mjh\gy

]_hwdhkhpbhkbkl_f

n_^_

jZevguc

h[eZklghc

jZchgguc

\hehklghc

<

khhl\_lkl\bb

k

wlbf

b

j_rZxlky

gZ

dZ`^hf

mjh\g_

dhgdj_lgu_

ki_pbnbq_kdb_

aZ^Zqb

ijhp_kkZ

a_fe_ihevah\Z

gby

b

ijbjh^hihevah\Zgby

Z

lZd`_

\hagbdZxsb_

wdheh]bq_kdb_

ijh[e_fu

Dhqmjh\

B\Zgh\

=eZ\ghc

aZ^Zq_c

mijZ\e_gby

gZ

n_^_jZevghf

 

j_]bhgZevghf

mjh\g_

 

y\ey_lky

kha^Zgb_

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

dZjdZkZ

l_jjblhjbb

lh

_klv

hj]ZgbaZpby

a_f_ev

hkh[hhojZgy_fuo

l_jjblhjbc

GZ

[he__

gbadbo

mjh\gyo

mijZ\e_gby

wlhl

wdheh]bq_kdbc

dZjdZk

mkeh`gy_lky

b

jZa\b\Z_lky

ih

ijbgpbim

 ³

\_l\ys_]hky

^_j_\Z

´

<

[_ae_kguo

jZchgZo

k

\ukhdhc

k_evkdhohayckl\_gghc

hk\h_gghklvx

a_f_ev

b

jZa\blhc

h\jZ`ghc

k_lvx

_klv

\hafh`ghklv

kha^Zgby

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

dZjdZkZ

gZijbf_j

iml_f

aZe_k_gby

b

ij_\jZs_gby

wjhabhgguo

h\jZ`guo

l_j

jblhjbc

\

ahgu

Zdlb\ghc

kj_^hklZ[bebabjmxs_c

^_yl_evghklb

<

hlebqb_

hl

wlh]h

\

e_kguo

jZchgZo

hkljh

klhbl

ijh[e_fZ

khojZg_gby

_kl_kl\_ggh]h

wdheh

]bq_kdh]h

dZjdZkZ

 

Ihkdhevdm

\

]hkm^Zjkl\_gghf

mq_l_

a_f_ev

hlkmlkl\mxl

k

^hklZlhqghc

iheghlhc

k\_^_gby

h

iehsZ^b

hojZgy_fuo

l_jjblhjbc

aZdZagbdZo

hojZgguo

ahgZo

j_d

e_kZo

khhl\_lkl\mxsbo

]jmii

b

gZagZq_gby

lh

a_feb

wdheh]bq_kdh]h

dZjdZkZ

\uy\eyxlky

k

ihfhsvx

djmighfZkrlZ[guo

dZjl

Zwjh

-

dhkfhkgbfdh\

b

khhl\_lkl\mxsbo

hibkZgbc

 

]_h[hlZgbq_kdbo

e_khmkljhbl_evguo

eZg^rZnl

guo

b

^j

 

GZ

h[eZklghf

mjh\g_

mijZ\e_gby

hkms_kl\eyxlky

kljmdlmjgu_

mkh

\_jr_gkl\h\Zgby

l_jjblhjbb

lh

_klv

hilbfbabjm_lky

kljmdlmjZ

bkihevah\Zgby

a_f_ev

dZd

k

lhqdb

aj_gby

ohayckl\_gguo

ihlj_[ghkl_c

lZd

b

khojZg_gby

ijb

jh^u

LZd

gZijbf_j

hilbfZevgZy

kljmdlmjZ

dZl_]hjbc

b

\b^h\

bkihevah\Zgby

a_f_ev

Fhkdh\kdhc

h[eZklb

^he`gZ

\u]ey^_lv

ke_^mxsbf

h[jZahf

a_feb

k_evkdhohayckl\_ggh]h

gZagZq_gby

k

mq_lhf

a_f_ev

k_evkdbo

gZk_e_gguo

imgd

lh\

ijhfure_gghklb

b

ljZgkihjlZ

]hjh^h\

e_kgh]h

nhg^Z

aZih\_^gbdh\

aZdZagbdh\

gZpbhgZevguo

iZjdh\

kljh]h

j_]mebjm_fuo

j_djbZ

pbhgguo

ahg

b

^jm]bo

ijbjh^hhojZgguo

l_jjblhjbc

– 70.

H^gZdh

\

gZklhys__

\j_fy

kljmdlmjZ

bkihevah\Zgby

a_f_ev

\

Fhkdh\kdhc

h[eZklb

^Ze_dZ

hl

kh\_j

r_gkl\Z

Lhevdh

a_feb

k_evkdhohayckl\_ggh]h

gZagZq_gby

aZgbfZxl

hdheh

Z

a_feb

]hjh^h\

gZk_e_gguo

imgdlh\

ijhfure_gghklb

ljZgkihjlZ

[he__

l_jjblhjbb

 

GZ

jZchgghf

mjh\g_

mijZ\e_gby

ijhba\h^blky

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggZy

hj]ZgbaZpby

 

mkljhckl\h

l_jjblhjbb

\Z`g_cr_c

aZ^Zq_c

dhlhjhc

y\ey_lky

jZkij_^_e_gb_

b

i_j_jZkij_^_e_gb_

Zgljhih]_gguo

gZ]jmahd

ih

\b^Zf

bkihev

ah\Zgby

a_f_ev

k

p_evx

memqr_gby

dZq_kl\Z

ijbjh^ghc

kj_^u

b

ba[_`Zgby

\hagbdgh\_gby

wdheh]bq_kdbo

ijh[e_f

>h[blvky

wlh]h

fh`gh

iml_f

kh\_jr_g

kl\h\Zgby

kljmdlmju

a_fe_ihevah\Zgby

gZ

hkgh\_

wdheh]h

-

ohayckl\_ggh]h

[Z

eZgkZ

l_jjblhjbb

Wlhl

ih^oh^

lj_[m_l

[ZeZgkZ

lj_o

khklZ\eyxsbo

qZkl_c