Файл: Кочуров Геоэкология - экодиагностика и эколого-хозяйственный анализ территории.pdf
ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 15.09.2020
Просмотров: 1400
Скачиваний: 22
\h^q_kdbo
dhfie_dkh\
b
ilbp_nZ[jbd
dhlhju_
iehoh
hkgZs_gu
hqbklgufb
khhjm`_gbyfb
<
G_q_jgha_fv_
\
j_amevlZl_
^ebl_evgh]h
ijbf_g_gby
fbg_jZevguo
m^h[
j_gbc
jZkl_l
dbkehlghklv
gZb[he__
jZkijhkljZg_gguo
^_jgh\h
-
ih^ahebkluo
ihq\
b
kh^_j`Zgb_
Zexfbgby
\j_^gh]h
^ey
jZkl_gbc
FbeebZj^gu_
\eh`_gby
\
f_ebhjZpbx
a_f_ev
[_a
mq_lZ
ijbjh^guo
khpbZevgh
-
wdhghfbq_kdbo
bklhjb
dh
-
wlgbq_kdbo
hkh[_gghkl_c
g_
^Zeb
hsmlbfuo
j_amevlZlh\
Z
\
jy^_
f_kl
gZ
ijbf_j
\
F_s_j_
hgb
ijb\_eb
d
gZjmr_gbx
\h^gh]h
j_`bfZ
ihq\
[ukljhc
fbg_jZebaZpbb
kjZ[hldZ
lhjnZ
mf_gvr_gbx
ieh^hjh^by
ihq\
Ihgb`_gb_
]jmglh\uo
\h^
\
j_amevlZl_
f_ebhjZpbb
hljbpZl_evgh
kdZaZehkv
gZ
khklhygbb
e_kh\
ijbe_]Zxsbo
d
hkmr_gguf
l_jjblhjbyf
<k_
Zj_Zeu
hkljuo
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbc
\
Jhkkbb
ih
bo
ijhkljZgkl
\_gghc
[ebahklb
b
khih^qbg_gghklb
k
mq_lhf
]hkm^Zjkl\_gguo
b
Z^fbgbkljZ
lb\guo
]jZgbp
fh`gh
jZa^_eblv
gZ
r_klv
]jmii
ih
h[t_fm
fZl_jbZevguo
nb
gZgkh\uo
b
bgl_ee_dlmZevguo
mkbebc
^ey
\u\h^Z
bo
ba
khklhygby
wdheh]bq_
kdh]h
g_[eZ]hihemqby
,
:j_Zeu
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbc
h[t_^bgyxsb_
g_kdhevdh
Z^fb
gbkljZlb\guo
l_jjblhjbc
Jhkkbb
K_\_jh
-
?\jhi_ckdZy
]jmiiZ
e_khijhfure_gguo
Zj_Zeh\
<heh]h^
kdZy
:joZg]_evkdZy
Dbjh\kdZy
h[e
J_kim[ebdZ
Dhfb
P_gljZevguc
Q_jgha_fguc
wjhabhgguc
k_evkdhohayckl\_gguc
Zj_Ze
DmjkdZy
;_e]hjh^kdZy
Hjeh\kdZy
Ebi_pdZy
LZf[h\kdZy
<hjhg_`kdZy
I_g
a_gkdZy
KZjZlh\kdZy
h[e
Kj_^g_\he`kdbc
ijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
KZfZjkdZy
Mevygh\kdZy
h[e
LZlZjklZg
b
;ZrdhjlhklZg
MjZevkdbc
ijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
I_jfkdZy
K\_j^eh\kdZy
Q_ey[bg
kdZy
Hj_g[mj]kdZy
h[e
;Zfh\kdbc
ljZgkihjlgh
-
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
BjdmlkdZy
Qb
lbgkdZy
:fmjkdZy
h[e
OZ[Zjh\kdbc
djZc
;mjylby
b
Ydmlby
-
KZoZ
,,
:j_Zeu
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbc
h[t_^bgyxsb_
^\_
-
ljb
Z^fbgb
kljZlb\gu_
l_jjblhjbb
Jhkkbb
.
K_\_jh
-
DZ\dZakdbc
q_jgha_fguc
Zj_Ze
DjZkgh^Zjkdbc
b
KlZ\jhihev
kdbc
djZy
Dmjkdbc
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
DmjkdZy
b
;_e]hjh^kdZy
h[e
IjbZg]Zjkdbc
e_khijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
DjZkghyjkdbc
djZc
Bjdml
kdZy
h[e
,,,
:j_Zeu
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbc
\
ij_^_eZo
Z^fbgbkljZlb\ghc
l_jjblhjbb
Jhkkbb
Dhevkdbc
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
DZj_evkdbc
e_khijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
E_gbg]jZ^kdbc
ijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
Fhkdh\kdbc
ijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
DZefupdbc
Zj_Ze
iZkl[bsghc
^_]jZ^Zpbb
Gb`_]hjh^kdbc
ijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
B\^_ev
-
H[kdbc
e_khijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
K_\_jh
-
AZiZ^ghkb[bjkdZy
]jmiiZ
g_nl_]Zah^h[u\Zxsbo
Zj_Zeh\
Dma[Zkkdbc
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
Fbgmkbgkdbc
ijhfure_ggh
-
k_evkdhohayckl\_gguc
Zj_Ze
Bjdmlkdh
-
Q_j_foh\kdbc
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
K_e_g]bgh
-
X`gh[ZcdZevkdbc
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
DheufkdZy
]jmiiZ
]hjgh^h[u\Zxsbo
Zj_Zeh\
Kj_^g_kbohlwZebgkdZy
]jmiiZ
e_khijhfure_gguo
Zj_Zeh\
,9
LjZgablgu_
j_qgu_
wdheh]bq_kdb_
kblmZpbb
\
ij_^_eZo
Jhk
kbb
<heoh\kdZy
Gh\]hjh^kdZy
b
E_gbg]jZ^kdZy
h[e
<he`kdZy
L\_jkdZy
YjhkeZ\kdZy
DhkljhfkdZy
B\Zgh\kdZy
Gb`_
]hjh^kdZy
h[e
FZjbc
-
We
Qm\Zrby
LZlZjklZg
Mevygh\kdZy
KZfZjkdZy
KZjZ
lh\kdZy
<he]h]jZ^kdZy
:kljZoZgkdZy
h[e
HdkdZy
Hjeh\kdZy
LmevkdZy
DZem`kdZy
Fhkdh\kdZy
JyaZgkdZy
<eZ^bfbjkdZy
Gb`_]hjh^kdZy
h[e
DZfkdZy
I_jfkdZy
h[e
M^fmjlby
;ZrdhjklZg
LZlZjklZg
I_qhjkdbc
J_kim[ebdZ
Dhfb
:joZg]_evkdZy
h[e
G_g_pdbc
:H
H[kdZy
J_kim[ebdZ
=hjguc
:elZc
:elZckdbc
djZc
Gh\hkb[bjkdZy
LhfkdZy
Lxf_gkdZy
h[e
?gbk_ckdZy
Lm\Z
DjZkghyjkdbc
djZc
<be_ckdZy
b
:e^ZgkdZy
Ydmlby
-
KZoZ
:fmjkdZy
QblbgkdZy
:fmjkdZy
h[e
OZ[Zjh\kdbc
djZc
DheufkdZy
FZ]Z^ZgkdZy
h[e
Ydmlby
-
KZoZ
9
F_`]hkm^Zjkl\_ggu_
Zj_Zeu
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbc
Q_jgh[uevkdbc
Zj_Ze
jZ^bhZdlb\gh]h
aZ]jyag_gby
MdjZbgZ
Db_\
kdZy
Q_jgb]h\kdZy
Jh\_gkdZy
h[e
;_eZjmkv
=hf_evkdZy
;j_klkdZy
Fh]be_\
kdZy
h[e
Jhkkby
;jygkdZy
;_e]hjh^kdZy
Kfhe_gkdZy
<hjhg_`kdZy
DZem`
kdZy
DmjkdZy
Ebi_pdZy
E_gbg]jZ^kdZy
Hjeh\kdZy
JyaZgkdZy
Lhf[h\kdZy
LmevkdZy
I_ga_gkdZy
Mevygh\kdZy
h[e
Fhj^h\by
:ah\h
-
Q_jghfhjkdbc
ijb[j_`guc
Zj_Ze
Jhkkby
DjZkgh^Zjkdbc
djZc
Jhklh\kdZy
h[e
MdjZbgZ
H^_kkdZy
GbdheZ_\kdZy
O_jkhgkdZy
AZihjh`
kdZy
>hg_pdZy
h[e
Djuf
=jmaby
.
>hg_pdbc
ijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
Jhkkby
Jhklh\kdZy
h[e
MdjZbgZ
:
>hg_pdZy
Em]ZgkdZy
h[e
IjbdZkibckdbc
]hjghijhfure_gguc
Zj_Ze
Jhkkby
:kljZoZgkdZy
h[e
DZaZoklZg
=mjv_\kdZy
FZg]ureZdkdZy
h[e
9,
F_`]hkm^Zjkl\_ggu_
ljZgablgu_
j_qgu_
wdheh]bq_kdb_
kblmZ
pbb
>g_ijh\kdZy
Jhkkby
Kfhe_gkdZy
h[e
;_eZjmkv
Fh]be_\kdZy
=h
f_evkdZy
h[e
MdjZbgZ
Q_jgb]h\kdZy
Db_\kdZy
Q_jdZkkdZy
Dbjh\h]jZ^kdZy
>g_ijhi_ljh\kdZy
AZihjh`kdZy
O_jkhgkdZy
h[e
>_kgygkdZy
Jhkkby
Kfhe_gkdZy
;jygkdZy
h[e
MdjZbgZ
Q_jgb]h\
kdZy
Db_\kdZy
h[e
BjlurkdZy
Jhkkby
HfkdZy
Lxf_gkdZy
h[e
DZaZoklZg
<hklhqgh
-
DZaZoklZgkdZy
K_fbiZeZlbgkdZy
IZ\eh^ZjkdZy
h[e
Lh[hevkdZy
Jhkkby
Dmj]ZgkdZy
Lxf_gkdZy
h[e
DZaZoklZg
DmklZ
gZckdZy
h[e
<hijhku
d
ijZdlbdmfm
Qlh
fh`gh
kdZaZlv
h
kh\j_f_gghc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
kblmZpbb
\
Jhkkbb
b
khij_^_evguo
]hkm^Zjkl\Zo
"
DZdh\Z
iehsZ^v
Jhkkbb
k
g_[eZ]hihemqghc
hkljhc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
kblmZpb_c
b
kdhevdh
ex^_c
ijh`b\Z_l
gZ
wlhc
l_jjblhjbb
"
GZah\bl_
Zj_Zeu
gZb[he__
hkljuo
kh\j_f_gguo
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kb
lmZpbc
>Zcl_
bf
oZjZdl_jbklbdm
DZdb_
bf_xlky
aZdhghf_jghklb
\
jZkij_^_e_gbb
wdheh]bq_kdbo
ijh
[e_f
ih
ijbjh^guf
ahgZf
"
DeZkkbnbdZpby
Zj_Zeh\
hkljuo
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbc
HIJ?>?E?GB?
WDHEH=BQ?KDB
;?>KL<?GGUO
L?JJBLHJBC
AZdhgh^Zl_evgu_
b
bkihegbl_evgu_
hj]Zgu
f_klgh]h
j_]bhgZevgh]h
b
n_^_jZevgh]h
mjh\gy
ihklhyggh
klZedb\Zxlky
k
g_h[oh^bfhklvx
hij_^_e_gby
klZlmkZ
l_jjblhjbc
hdjm`ZxsZy
ijbjh^gZy
kj_^Z
dhlhjuo
ih^\_j]eZkv
g_[eZ
]hijbylguf
baf_g_gbyf
qlh
kdZau\Z_lky
\
i_j\mx
hq_j_^v
gZ
mkeh\byo
ijh`b
\Zgby
b
a^hjh\v_
gZk_e_gby
Djhf_
lh]h
g_h[oh^bfh
hij_^_eblv
]jZgbpu
j_`bf
bkihevah\Zgby
f_ju
khpbZevghc
aZsblu
imlb
\hkklZgh\e_gby
wdheh
]bq_kdhc
j_Z[beblZpbb
beb
hlqm`^_gby
lZdbo
l_jjblhjbc
AZdhghf
Jhkkbckdhc
N_^_jZpbb
H[
hojZg_
hdjm`Zxs_c
kj_^u
jZa^_e
9,,,
Qj_a\uqZcgu_
wdheh]bq_kdb_
kblmZpbb
mklZgh\e_gh
qlh
mqZkldb
l_jjb
lhjbc
Jhkkbckdhc
N_^_jZpbb
]^_
\
j_amevlZl_
ohayckl\_gghc
^_yl_evghklb
beb
bghc
^_yl_evghklb
ijhbkoh^yl
mklhcqb\u_
hljbpZl_evgu_
baf_g_gby
\
hdjm
`Zxs_c
ijbjh^ghc
kj_^_
m]jh`Zxsb_
a^hjh\vx
gZk_e_gby
khklhygbx
_kl_kl
\_gguo
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kbkl_f
]_g_lbq_kdbo
nhg^h\
jZkl_gbc
b
`b\hlguo
h[ty\eyxlky
mqZkldZfb
qj_a\uqZcghc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
kblmZpbb
klZlvy
b
mqZkldb
l_jjblhjbc
Jhkkbckdhc
N_^_jZpbb
]^_
\
j_amevlZl_
ohayckl\_gghc
beb
bghc
^_yl_evghklb
ijhbahreb
]em[hdb_
g_h[jZlbfu_
baf_g_gby
hdjm`Zx
s_c
ijbjh^ghc
kj_^u
ih\e_drb_
aZ
kh[hc
kms_kl\_ggh_
mom^r_gb_
a^hjh\vy
gZk_e_gby
gZjmr_gb_
ijbjh^gh]h
jZ\gh\_kby
jZajmr_gb_
_kl_kl\_gguo
wdheh
]bq_kdbo
kbkl_f
nehju
b
nZmgu
h[ty\eyxlky
ahgZfb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
klZlvy
Ijb\_^_ggu_
iheh`_gby
aZdhgZ
bf_xl
[_amkeh\gh
\Z`gh_
agZq_gb_
b
\i_j\u_
hij_^_eyxl
djZcg_
g_[eZ]hihemqgu_
\
wdheh]bq_kdhf
hlghr_gbb
l_jjblhjbb
<f_kl_
k
l_f
ohl_ehkv
[u
hkh[h
hlf_lblv
ke_^mxs__
<
aZdhg_
ijhbahreZ
imlZgbpZ
\
ihgylbyo
dhlhju_
l_f
g_
f_g__
aZ
ihke_^g__
\j_fy
mklZgh\bebkv
b
ihemqbeb
rbjhdh_
jZkijhkljZg_gb_
\
ghjfZlb\gh
-
kijZ\hqghc
ebl_jZlmj_
D
mqZkldZf
qj_a\uqZcghc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
kblmZpbb
dZd
ijZ\beh
hlghkyl
jZchgu
]^_
ijhbahreb
g_[eZ]hijbylgu_
wdheh]bq_kdb_
baf_g_gby
\ke_^kl\b_
klbobcguo
ijbjh^guo
ijhp_kkh\
mjZ]Zgu
gZ\h^g_gby
aZkmoZ
a_fe_ljyk_gby
beb
\
j_amevlZl_
l_ogh]_gguo
Z\Zjbc
b
dZlZkljhn
Hgb
fh]ml
[ulv
jZaghc
kl_i_gb
hkljhlu
beb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
g_[eZ]hihemqby
\
lhf
qbke_
kZfhc
\ukhdhc
-
dZlZkljhnbq_kdhc
Ih
aZdhgm
qj_a\uqZcgZy
wdheh]bq_kdZy
kblmZpby
ij_^r_kl\m_l
ih
kl_i_gb
hkljhlu
kblmZpbb
\
ahg_
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
dZd
gZb[he__
\ukhdZy
^Z
_s_
\hagbdrZy
\
j_amevlZl_
q_eh\_q_kdhc
^_yl_evghklb
?kl_kl\_ggh
wlZ
imlZgbpZ
\
ijbf_g_gbb
^Zgguo
ihgylbc
\
jZaebqguo
^hdmf_glZo
^he`gZ
[ulv
mkljZg_gZ
G_ljm^gh
aZf_lblv
qlh
gZb[he__
hklju_
wdheh]bq_kdb_
kblmZpbb
-
dZlZkl
jhnbq_kdb_
b
djbabkgu_
\
gZb[hevr_c
f_j_
fh]ml
jZkkfZljb\Zlvky
dZd
ahgu
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
Z
hklju_
-
djblbq_kdb_
-
dZd
ahgu
qj_a\uqZcghc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
kblmZpbb
H[ty\e_gb_
mqZkldh\
qj_a\uqZcghc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
kblmZpbb
b
ahg
wdheh
]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
y\ey_lky
^_ehf
km]m[h
]hkm^Zjkl\_gguf
b
^he`gh
hkgh\u
\Zlvky
gZ
rbjhdhf
dhfie_dk_
gZmqguo
bkke_^h\Zgbc
b
ohjhrh
hljZ[hlZgghc
kbkl_f_
ihdZaZl_e_c
b
djbl_jb_\
hp_gdb
wdheh]bq_kdhc
h[klZgh\db
Djhf_
lh]h
kms_kl\m_l
jy^
\Z`guo
\hijhkh\
ih
hj]ZgbaZpbb
b
ijh\_^_gbx
jZ[hl
b
ijhp_^mj_
ij_^klZ\e_gby
khhl\_lkl\mxsbo
fZl_jbZeh\
Ijh\_^_gb_
jZ[hl
ih
\uy\e_gbx
wdheh]bq_kdb
[_^kl\_gguo
l_jjblhjbc
^he`gh
hkms_kl\eylvky
\
^\Z
wlZiZ
GZ
i_j\hf
wlZi_
hi_jZlb\gh
-
^bZ]ghklbq_kdhf
Z^fbgbkljZpbb
j_kim[
ebd
djZ_\
h[eZkl_c
kh\f_klgh
k
f_klgufb
ijbjh^hhojZggufb
hj]ZgZfb
ijh
\h^yl
h[ke_^h\Zgb_
l_jjblhjbc
k
jZaghc
kl_i_gvx
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
g_[eZ]hih
emqby
G_h[oh^bfu_
fZl_jbZeu
ihemq_ggu_
\
j_amevlZl_
h[ke_^h\Zgby
ij_^
klZ\eyxlky
\
=hkm^Zjkl\_ggmx
wdheh]bq_kdmx
wdki_jlbam
Fbgijbjh^u
Jhkkbb
GZ
\lhjhf
wlZi_
wdki_jlghf
=hkm^Zjkl\_ggZy
wdki_jlbaZ
^Z_l
khhl\_lkl
\mxs__
aZdexq_gb_
h
ijbagZgbb
beb
g_ijbagZgbb
wdheh]bq_kdb
g_[eZ]hih
emqguo
l_jjblhjbc
ahgZfb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
H[ty\e_gb_
hl^_evguo
l_jjblhjbc
ahgZfb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
ijhba\h^blky
\
mklZgh\e_gghf
aZdhghf
ihjy^d_
<
ij_^iheZ]Z_fuo
ahgZo
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
ijh\h^blky
rbjhdbc
djm]
gZmqguo
bkke_^h\Zgbc
ih
hp_gd_
ijbjh^guo
mkeh\bc
b
j_kmjkh\
\uy\e_
gbx
\b^h\
b
kl_i_gb
Zgljhih]_gghc
gZ]jmadb
b
hij_^_e_gbx
ms_j[Z
ohayckl\m
b
a^hjh\vx
q_eh\_dZ
Hkgh\hc
\k_o
wlbo
jZ[hl
^he`gZ
klZlv
k_jby
kj_^g_
-
b
djmighfZkrlZ[guo
wdheh]bq_kdbo
dZjl
iha\heyxsZy
\uy\blv
wdheh]bq_kdb_
ijh[e_fu
bo
kh^_j`Zgb_
b
ki_pbnbdm
hkljhlm
b
ihke_^kl\by
\ujZ`Zxsb_ky
\
baf_g_gbb
a^hjh\vy
q_eh\_dZ
b
ijbjh^gh
-
j_kmjkgh]h
ihl_gpbZeZ
NbgZgkbjh
\Zgb_
dZjlh]jZnbq_kdbo
jZ[hl
fh`gh
[ueh
[u
\haeh`blv
gZ
f_klgu_
hj]Zgu
>ey
hi_jZlb\gh]h
ij_^mij_`^_gby
h[
wdheh]bq_kdbo
kblmZpbyo
dhgljhey
aZ
bkihevah\Zgb_f
ijbjh^guo
j_kmjkh\
b
wnn_dlb\ghklvx
ijbjh^hhojZgguo
f_jhijbylbc
g_h[oh^bfh
\
Jhkkbb
gZeZ^blv
\k_klhjhggbc
b
dhfie_dkguc
fhgblhjbg]
hdjm`Zxs_c
kj_^u
<f_kl_
k
l_f
fhgblhjbg]
\
agZqbl_evghc
kl_i_gb
l_jy_l
k\hx
wnn_dlb\
ghklv
_keb
g_
ijh\h^blv
dhfie_dkgh_
wdheh]h
-
]_h]jZnbq_kdh_
h[ke_^h\Zgb_
l_jjblhjbb
\
j_amevlZl_
dhlhjh]h
fh`gh
ihemqblv
gZmqgh
h[hkgh\Zggmx
hp_g
dm
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
khklhygby
kj_^u
b
ijbjh^guo
j_kmjkh\
Hij_^_e_gb_
l_jjblhjbc
lhc
beb
bghc
kl_i_gb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
g_[eZ]h
ihemqby
^h
kbo
ihj
klZedb\Zehkv
k
hij_^_e_ggufb
ljm^ghklyfb
k\yaZggufb
k
g_jZajZ[hlZgghklvx
^hklZlhqguo
b
_^bguo
djbl_jb_\
b
lj_[h\Zgbc
<
gZklhy
s__
\j_fy
jZajZ[hlZgu
g_h[oh^bfu_
djbl_jbb
b
ihdZaZl_eb
k
bkihevah\Zgb_f
f_lh^bq_kdbo
ih^oh^h\
BgklblmlZ
]_h]jZnbb
J:G
Y\eyykv
ih
kms_kl\m
i_j\uf
hiulhf
hgb
ihlj_[mxl
^Zevg_cr_]h
kh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgby
\
hkh[_ggh
klb
\
qZklb
j_]bhgZevghc
ki_pbnbdb
b
bgnhjfZpbhggh]h
h[_ki_q_gby
Djbl_
jbb
b
ihdZaZl_eb
\ujZ`Zy
gZb[he__
kms_kl\_ggu_
ijbagZdb
khklhygby
kj_^u
`bag_^_yl_evghklb
q_eh\_dZ
^he`gu
hkgh\u\Zlvky
gZ
^hklh\_jghklb
aZeh`_g
ghc
\
gbo
bgnhjfZpbb
^hklmighklb
__
ijh\_jdb
b
gZ^_`ghklb
ijbf_g_gby
.
GZb[he__
\Z`guf
bg^bdZlhjhf
baf_g_gby
dZq_kl\Z
hdjm`Zxs_c
kj_^u
y\ey_lky
j_Zdpby
a^hjh\vy
gZk_e_gby
<
kbem
jy^Z
ijbqbg
hlkmlkl\b_
klZlbklb
q_kdb
^hklh\_jghc
bgnhjfZpbb
b
ki_pbZevguo
h[ke_^h\Zgbc
b
l
^
lhevdh
wlhl
bg^bdZlhj
\
gZklhys__
\j_fy
g_
fh`_l
[ulv
rbjhdh
bkihevah\Zg
ijb
hp_gd_
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
g_[eZ]hihemqby
Wdheh]bq_kdb
agZqbfu
^ey
q_eh\_dZ
b
_]h
^_yl_evghklb
khklhygb_
\ha^mrgh]h
[Zkk_cgZ
\h^ghc
kj_^u
ihq\
b
[bhlu
baf_g_gb_
dhlhjuo
hdZau\Z_l
\ha^_ckl\b_
gZ
_]h
a^hjh\v_
b
mkeh\by
ijh`b\Z
gby
.
G_]Zlb\gu_
baf_g_gby
\
hdjm`Zxs_c
ijbjh^ghc
kj_^_
\ua\Zggu_
beb
mkbe_ggu_
Zgljhih]_gguf
\ha^_ckl\b_f
jZkkfZljb\Zxlky
gZfb
dZd
wdheh]bq_
kdb_
ijh[e_fu
Bo
ZgZeba
y\ey_lky
dexq_\uf
fhf_glhf
\
hp_gd_
wdheh]bq_
kdhc
h[klZgh\db
jZaghc
kl_i_gb
g_[eZ]hihemqby
\dexqZxs_c
hij_^_e_gb_
ijbqbg
b
mkeh\bc
\ua\Z\rbo
ihy\e_gb_
wdheh]bq_kdhc
ijh[e_fu
b
ihke_^kl
\bc
ijb
wlhf
^ey
khklhygby
a^hjh\vy
q_eh\_dZ
b
_]h
ohayckl\_gghc
^_yl_evgh
klb
LZdbf
h[jZahf
kbkl_fZ
djbl_jb_\
hp_gdb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
g_[eZ]hihemqby
fh`_l
[ulv
jZa^_e_gZ
gZ
q_luj_
]jmiiu
mqblu\Zxsb_
ke_^mxsb_
oZjZdl_jb
klbdb
Zgljhih]_ggZy
gZ]jmadZ
\ha^_ckl\b_
g_]Zlb\gu_
baf_g_gby
\
hdjm`Zxs_c
ijbjh^ghc
kj_^_
j_Zdpby
a^hjh\vy
gZk_e_gby
gZ
baf_g_gby
kj_^u
mom^r_gb_
mkeh\bc
ohayckl\_gghc
beb
bghc
^_yl_evghklb
q_eh\_dZ
Kbkl_fZ
djbl_jb_\
b
ihdZaZl_e_c
hp_gdb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
g_[eZ]hihemqby
l_jjblhjbc
\dexqZ_l
hij_^_e_gb_
kl_i_gb
\ha^_ckl\by
gZjmr_gby
aZ]jyag_
gby
^_]jZ^Zpbb
^b]j_kkbb
bklhs_gby
ijbjh^guo
j_kmjkh\
ij_\urZxsb_
ij_^_evgh
^himklbfu_
ghjfu
dhgp_gljZpbb
b
lj_[h\Zgby
Z
lZd`_
kl_i_gb
gZjmr_gby
kljmdlmju
b
nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby
wdhkbkl_f
b
]_hkbkl_f
bo
mgbdZev
ghklb
b
]_ghnhg^Z
H
g_]Zlb\ghf
baf_g_gbb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
khklhygby
l_jjblhjbb
fh`gh
km
^blv
ih
jy^m
khpbZevgh
-
wdhghfbq_kdbo
ijbagZdh\
kgb`_gbx
wnn_dlb\ghklb
ohayckl\Z
m^hjh`Zgbx
kljhbl_evkl\Z
ih
ijbjh^guf
b
Zgljhih]_gguf
nZdlh
jZf
ih
ihl_j_
ijh^mdlb\ghklb
beb
\u[ulbx
ba
bkihevah\Zgby
m]h^bc
b
j_kmj
kh\
wdheh]bq_kdb
h[mkeh\e_gghfm
khpbZevghfm
gZijy`_gbx
^he_
[_ajZ[hlguo
\
j_amevlZl_
aZdjulby
ij_^ijbylbc
\
k\yab
k
wdheh]bq_kdhc
h[klZgh\dhc
^he_
gZk_e_gby
hl
qbkeZ
hijhr_gguo
kqblZxsbo
wdheh]bq_kdmx
kblmZpbx
\
p_ehf
g_m^h\e_l\hjbl_evghc
Hlf_lbf
lZd`_
qlh
dhfihg_glgu_
ijhkljZgkl\_ggu_
^bgZfbq_kdb_
bg
^bdZpbhggu_
djbl_jbb
b
ihdZaZl_eb
\aZbfgh
dhjj_ebjmxl
Ijb
hij_^_e_gbb
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
klZlmkZ
dhgdj_lghc
l_jjblhjbb
ke_^m_l
bkoh^blv
ba
khq_lZgby
ohly
[u
h]jZgbq_ggh]h
gZ[hjZ
djbl_jb_\
b
ihdZaZl_e_c
k
mq_lhf
ijbjh^guo
ohayckl\_gguo
bklhjbq_kdbo
wlgbq_kdbo
b
^jm]bo
hkh[_gghkl_c
j_]bhgZ
b
jZchgZ
Dhfie_dkgZy
oZjZdl_jbklbdZ
wdheh]bq_kdhc
h[klZgh\db
l_jjblhjbb
hkm
s_kl\ey_lky
gZ
hkgh\_
jZajZ[hlZgghc
hp_gdb
b
dZjlh]jZnbjh\Zgby
wdheh]bq_
kdbo
kblmZpbc
>ey
j_ZebaZpbb
aZdhgZ
Jhkkbckdhc
N_^_jZpbb
H[
hojZg_
hdjm`Zxs_c
ijbjh^ghc
kj_^u
ijbgpbibZevgh_
agZq_gb_
bf__l
f_oZgbaf
\u^_e_gby
wdheh
]bq_kdb
[_^kl\_gguo
l_jjblhjbc
:^fbgbkljZlb\gZy
ijhp_^mjZ
\uy\e_gby
ahgu
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
ij_^mkfZljb\Z_l
hij_^_e_gb_
khklZ\Z
bkihegb
l_e_c
ebpZ
nhjfmebjmxs_]h
beb
ijbgbfZxs_]h
j_r_gb_
wdki_jlh\
b
j_p_g
a_glh\
hp_gdb
wdheh]bq_kdhc
h[klZgh\db
ij_^klZ\bl_e_c
hj]Zgh\
\eZklb
b
h[s_kl\_gghklb
madbo
ki_pbZebklh\
xjbklh\
Ijb
wlhf
\Z`gh
\
kZfhf
gZqZe_
jZ[hlu
ih
ih^]hlh\d_
g_h[oh^bfhc
dhgdj_lghc
hkgh\u
^ey
aZdexq_gby
]hkm
^Zjkl\_gghc
wdheh]bq_kdhc
wdki_jlbau
h[
hlg_k_gbb
lhc
beb
bghc
l_jjblhjbb
Jhkkbckdhc
N_^_jZpbb
d
ahg_
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
[_^kl\by
mklZgh\blv
\hafh`gh
klb
b
kl_i_gv
^_lZevghklb
ijh\_^_gby
bkke_^h\Zgbc
ih
hp_gd_
wdheh]bq_kdh]h
khklhygby
l_jjblhjbb
bkoh^y
ba
gZebqguo
j_kmjkh\
^_g_`guo
kj_^kl\
ki_
pbZebklh\
\j_f_gb
[Zau
^Zgguo
[Zau
agZgbc
b
l
i