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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ADB – Asian Development Bank
ART – Antiretroviral therapy
ARC – Agricultural Research Council
AU – African Union
BIS – Bank for International Settlements
BNDES – Brazilian National Development Bank
BRICS – Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa
BTTC – BRICS Think Tank Council
CAE – Chinese Academy of Engineering
Capes – Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel
CAS – Chinese Academy of Sciences
CBM – Common Berthing Mechanism
CELAC – Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
CERT – Computer Emergency Response Team
CGIAR – Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
CHE – Council on Higher Education (South Africa)
CIP – Critical Infrastructure Programme (South Africa)
COP – Conference of Parties
DST – Department of Science and Technology (India/South Africa)
EFA – Education for All
EU – European Union
FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization
FDI – Foreign Direct Investment
FP7 – Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development
(European Union)
FTA – Free trade agreement
BRICS Long-Term Strategy
180
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G20 – Group of 20
GATT – General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
GDP – Gross Domestic Product
GERD – Gross domestic R&D expenditures
HEI – Higher Education Institution
HQLA – High Quality Liquid Assets
IBRD – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICPD – International Conference on Population and Development
ICT – Information and communication technology
IDA – International Development Association
IFC – International Finance Corporation
ILO – International Labour Organization
IMF – International Monetary Fund
INPE – National Institute of Space Research (Brazil)
LDC – Least developed country
LIC – Low-income country
Mapa – Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (Brazil)
MCTI – Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Brazil)
MDB – Multilateral Development Bank
MDG – Millennium Development Goal
MERCOSUR – Mercado Común del Sur
MIIT – Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (China)
MRC – Medical Research Council (South Africa)
MST – Ministry of Science and Technology (India)
NASSCOM – National Association of Software and Service Companies (India)
NCD – Non-communicable disease
NDB – New Development Bank
NDRC – National Development and Reform Commission (China)
NHI – National Health Insurance (South Africa)
Abbreviations and Acronyms
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181
NInC – National Innovation Council (India)
NIS – National Innovation System
NPC – National People’s Congress (China)
NRU – National Research University (Russia)
NSFAS – National Student Financial Aid Scheme (South Africa)
NSFC – National Science Foundation of China
OECD – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
ODI – Outward Direct Investment
OIE – International Epizootic Office
PPP – Purchasing Power Parity
PPD – Population and Development and Experts on Population Matters
PIR – Center for Policy Studies (Russia)
PRC
– People’s Republic of China
PTA – Preferential trade agreement
QE – Quantitative Easing
RMB – Renminbi
RTA – Regional trade agreement
R&D – Research and development
SAARC – South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SDG – Sustainable Development Goal
SDR – Special Drawing Rights
SIFI – Systemically Important Financial Institutions
SKA – Square Kilometer Array
SME – Small and medium-sized enterprise
STI – Science, technology and innovation
TB – Tuberculosis
THRIP – Technology and Human Resources for Industry Programme (South Africa)
TIA – Technology Innovation Agency (South Africa)
TRIPS – Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property
BRICS Long-Term Strategy
182
|
UAV – Unmanned aerial vehicle
UCAV – Unmanned combat air vehicle
UMP – Unconventional monetary policy
UN – United Nations
UNCTAD – United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDP – United Nations Development Programme
UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UN IAEG – United Nations Inter-Agency and Expert Group
UNODC – United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
UNSC – United Nations Security Council
USA – United States of America
USD – United States Dollar
WHO – World Health Organization
WTO – World Trade Organization