3.СТАДИИБУРЕНИЯ– STAGESOFDRILLINGЗадание 1 Следующие слова и словосочетания помогут при переводе текста и заданий к нему.stage этап, ступеньto run опробовать, эксплуатироватьto reveal обнаружить, выявитьat this point в этой точке/этом местеto remove убирать, вытаскиватьto perform several tests выполнить несколько тестовto confirm подтвердитьwell logging каротаж скважиныsensor датчикto take measurements проводить измеренияdrill-stem бурильная колоннаto measure the pressure измерять давлениеto take core samples брать образцы кернаperforating gun стреляющий перфораторexplosive charges взрывные зарядыto run a pipe опускать трубуconduit трубопровод, желобpacker пакерtubing труба малого диаметра/тюбингto run down опускать внизis expanded расширяетсяto form a seal образовать уплотнениеChristmas tree фонтанная арматураcore sampling отбор кернаacid is pumped закачивается кислотаto dissolve растворятьlimestone известнякsandstone песчаникto blend смешиватьfractures трещины, изломыpellets гранулыЗадание 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Запишите перевод на русском языке.Stages of drilling.There are several stages in drilling process. First they drill, then run and cement new casings, then drill again. When the rock cuttings from the mud reveal the oil sand from the reservoir rock, it means that they have reached the final depth. At this point, it is necessary to remove the drilling apparatus from the hole and to perform several tests to confirm this finding.The first test is well logging. Well logging means lowering electrical and gassensors into the hole to take measurements of the rock formations there. The se-cond one is drill-stem testing. During drill-stem testing we lower devices into thehole to measure the pressures, which will reveal whether reservoir rock has been reached or not. The third operation is core sampling. Core sampling means to take samples of rocks looking for the reservoir rock characteristics. Once, after reaching the final depth, the crew completes the well to allow oil flowing into the casing in a controlled manner. First, they lower a perforating gun into the well upto production depth. The gun has explosive charges to make holes in the casing through which the oil can flow.After the casing has been perforated, they run a small-diameter pipe (tubing) into the hole as a conduit for oil and gas to flow up the well. A device called a packer is run down the outside of the tubing. When the packer is set at the production level, it is expanded to form a seal around the outside of the tubing. Finally, they connect a multi-valve structure, called a Christmas tree, to the top of tubing and cement it to the top of the casing. The Christmas tree allows them to control the flow of oil from the well.

---

Once the well is completed, they must start the flow of oil into the well. For limestone reservoir rock, acid is pumped down the well and out the perforations. The acid dissolves channels in the limestone that lead oil into the well. For sandstone reservoir rock, a specially blended fluid, containing sand, walnut shells, aluminum pellets, is pumped down the well and out the perforations. The pressure from this fluid makes small fractures in the sandstone that allow oil to flow into the well, while the agents hold these fractures open. Once the oil is flowing, the oil rig is removed from the site and production equipment is set up to extract the oil from the well.Задание 3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы. Запишите вопросы и ответы на английском и русском языках.

1. 
   When do they remove the drilling apparatus from the hole?
   
2. 
   What is necessary to perform after removing drilling bit?
   
3. 
   What is well logging test?
   
4. 
   What does drill-stem testing mean?
   
5. 
   What are core samples taking for?
   
6. 
   How is perforating gun used and what for?
   
7. 
   What is finally connected to the top of the tubing?
   

Задание 4.Напишите перевод следующих фраз на английском:несколько этапов процесса бурения ………………………………………….обнаружить нефтяной песок ……………………………………… … спуск электро и газовых датчиков ………………………………………….сделать отверстия в обсадной трубе ………………………………………….позволяет управлять потоком нефти ………………………………………….как только скважина закончена ………………………………………….кислота растворяет каналы …………………………………………..давление создает маленькие разломы …………………………………………..нефтяная вышка убирается …………………………………………..

---

Смотрите также файлы

• Доцент, к э. н., доцент Л. А. Трофимова должность, уч степень, звание подпись, дата инициалы, фамилия контрольная работа по дисциплине мировая экономика.docx

• Патология красной крови Диагностика анемий.pptx

• 1я группа задач.docx

• Аппараты управление давлением.pptx

• Банановый торт.docx