ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 12.01.2024
Просмотров: 25
Скачиваний: 1
ВНИМАНИЕ! Если данный файл нарушает Ваши авторские права, то обязательно сообщите нам.
группа ОПЗ-119, задание от 9 марта 2023
I Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на число существительных.
1 Most trucks have more powerful engines than automobiles.
Большинство грузовиков имеют более мощные двигатели, чем легковые автомобили.
2 Motor transport includes buses, lorries, motor coaches, and motor cars.
К автомобильному транспорту относятся автобусы, грузовые автомобили, междугородние автобусы и легковые автомобили.
3 Traffic is very heavy in Moscow.
Движение в Москве очень интенсивное.
4 Women and children came to the shore by car.
Женщины и дети приехали на берег на машине.
II Замените существительное с предлогом of формой притяжательного падежа. Перепишите и письменно переведите словосочетания на русский язык.
1 The birthday of my daughter Helen.
2 The opinion of the lawyer.
3 The clothes of the bus.
4 The conclusions of the expert.
1. My daughter's Helen birthday. (День рождения моей дочери Хелен)
2. The lawyer’s opinion. (Мнение адвоката)
3. The bus’s clothes. (Одежда автобуса)
4. The expert’s conclusions. (Выводы эксперта)
III Вставьте артикли. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.
1 Andrew’s brother is an accountant. (Брат Андрея – бухгалтер.)
2 My shirt is made of silk. (Рубашка сделана из шелка.)
3 I don’t remember the figures, which he mentioned in his report. (Я не запомнила фигуры, которые он упомянул в своем докладе.)
4 My father smokes cigarettes. (Мой папа курит сигареты.)
IV Раскройте скобки, заменяя инфинитив нужной формой глагола-сказуемого. Перепишите предложения и письменно переведите их на русский язык.
1 The combustion of an air and gasoline mixture takes place inside the internal combustion engine. (Сгорание смеси воздуха и бензина происходит внутри двигателя внутреннего сгорания.)
2 Road safety is very important for traffic. (Безопасность на дороге важна для дорожного движения.)
3 Yesterday trucks brought fruits, vegetables, and livestock from farms to markets. (Вчера грузовики привезли фрукты, овощи и домашний скот с ферм на рынки.)
4 They will install this electric sign at the crossing in a week. (Они установят этот электрический знак на перекрестке через неделю.)
V Составьте предложения, расположив слова в нужном порядке. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.
1 Buses provide transportation within cities. (Автобусы обеспечивают перевозку внутри городов.)
2 Steam cars made a terrible noise. (Паровые машины производили ужасный шум.)
3 They will install a powerful engine. (Они установят мощный двигатель.)
4 He doesn’t go to the factory every day. (Он не каждый день ходит на фабрику.)
VI Поставьте к каждому предложению общий и специальный вопрос. Перепишите предложения и письменно переведите их на русский язык.
1 Most drivers obey traffic rules. (Большинство водителей соблюдают правила дорожного движения.)
- Do most drivers obey traffic rules? (Большинство водителей соблюдают правила дорожного движения?)
- What do most drivers obey? (Что соблюдают большинство водителей?)
2 The traffic will be heavy in the center of the city tomorrow. (Движение будет интенсивным в центре города завтра.)
- Will be the traffic heavy in the center of the city tomorrow? (Будет движение интенсивным в центре города завтра?)
- What will be heavy in the center of the city tomorrow? (Что будет интенсивным в центре города завтра?)
3 He met with an accident a year ago. (Год назад с ним произошел несчастный случай)
- Did he meet with an accident a year ago? (С ним произошел несчастный случай год назад?)
- When did he meet with an accident? (Когда с ним произошел несчастный случай?)
VII Прочтите и устно переведите тексты, ответьте письменно на вопросы после них.
History of roads and highways
1 The first roads. Roads are so old that we not sure of the origin of the word road. Most experts think it came from the Middle English word rode that means a mounted journey. Some experts think it came from the Old English rad, from the word ridan, which means to ride.
2 In England, hundreds of years ago, main roads were higher than the surrounding ground. This was because they threw earth from the side ditches towards the centre. Because they were higher, they were called highways. These roads were under protection of the king’s men and were open to all travelers. Private roads were known as byways.
3 The first roads in the world probably followed trails and paths, which animals made. These trails and paths led from feeding grounds to watering places. People also made their own trails and paths in searching for water, food, and fuel.
4 Early roads were built in the Near East soon after the invention of the wheel. This was about 3000 B. C. As trade developed between villages, towns, and cities, people made trade routes. The first road markers were piles of stones at intervals. People marked trails through forests by blazing trees.
5 The first really great road builders were the humans. They knew now to lay a solid base and how to give the road a pavement of flat stones. The Romans knew that the road must slope slightly from the centre towards both sides. Along the sides of the road there were ditches. The Romans built the roads mainly to get soldiers from one part of the empire to another. The Romans built more 50000 miles of roads in their empire and some of them still are in use.
Пояснения к тексту:
Ditches – канава, ров;
To search – искать;
Pile – куча, груда;
To blaze – выжигать.
VIII Ответьте письменно на вопросы к тексту:
1 Why were the main roads higher than the surrounding ground? – Main roads were higher than the surrounding ground because they threw earth from the side ditches towards the centre.
2 What did the first roads follow? - The first roads in the world probably followed trails and paths, which animals made.
3 Who were the first really great road builders? - The first really great road builders were the humans.
Traffic Control
1 Traffic is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. There are two main types of passenger transport: (1) private transport and (2) public transport. Automobiles are the chief means of passenger transport in the USA, Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand and in the countries of Western Europe.
2 The traffic is very heavy in the streets of many cities. Every year several thousand people are killed or injured in road accidents. Drivers and pedestrians can reduce the number of traffic accidents, injuries, and deaths if they will watch and obey traffic control signs, signals, and pavement marking. Special control devices such as electric signs tell pedestrians when to cross streets and highways. These signs operate in conjunction with vehicle traffic signals. There are notice boards at every crossing to show you the place where to cross the road. Many warning and guide signs are covered with luminous paint. This makes the signs easier to see at night.
3 Traffic lights are used to control traffic within cities. Modern traffic lights are an American invention. Red-green systems were installed in Cleveland in 1914. Three-color signals were installed in New York in 1918. The first lights of this type appeared in Britain in London on the junction between St. James’s Street and Piccadilly, in 1925. Automatic signals were installed a year later.
4 In the past traffic lights were special. In New York some lights had a statue on top. In Los Angeles the lights did not change silently, but rang bells to wake the sleeping motorists of the 1930s. Later standard models replaced them. Nowadays these models are universally adopted.
Пояснения к тексту:
To reduce – уменьшать;
Injury – повреждение;
Junction – перекрёсток.
VIII Ответьте письменно на вопросы к тексту:
1 What is traffic? - Traffic is the movement of people and goods from one place to another.
2 Why are many warning and guide signs covered with luminous paint? - Many warning and guide signs are covered with luminous paint to make the signs easier to see at night.
3 When did the first traffic lights appear in Britain? - The first lights appeared in Britain in London on the junction between St. James’s Street and Piccadilly, in 1925.