Файл: 92FWD_8A.pdf

hold the ignition switch in the START position. Observe the voltmeter. If voltage is detected, correct poor contact between cable clamp and post.

(b)Connect positive lead of the voltmeter to the positive battery post, and negative lead to the positive battery cable clamp. Rotate and hold the ignition switch key in the START position. Observe the voltmeter. If voltage is detected, correct poor contact between the cable clamp and post.

(c)Connect negative lead of voltmeter to negative battery terminal, and positive lead to engine block near the battery cable attaching point (Fig. 10). Rotate and hold the ignition switch in the START position. If voltage reads above 0.2 volt, correct poor contact at ground cable attaching point. If voltage reading is still above 0.2 volt after correcting poor contacts, replace ground cable.

(b) Connect the positive voltmeter lead to the positive battery terminal, and negative lead to battery cable terminal on starter solenoid (Fig. 12). Rotate and hold the ignition switch key in the START position. If voltage reads above 0.2 volt, correct poor contact at battery cable to solenoid connection. If reading is still above 0.2 volt after correcting poor contacts, replace positive battery cable.

Fig. 10 Test Ground Circuit Resistance

Fig. 11 Test Starter Motor Ground

(3) Remove starter heat shield. Refer to Starter replacement to gain access to the starter motor and solenoid connections. Perform the following steps:

(a) Connect positive voltmeter lead to the starter motor housing and the negative lead to the negative battery terminal (Fig. 11). Hold the ignition switch key in the START position. If voltage reads above 0.2 volt, correct poor starter to engine ground.

Fig. 12 Test Positive Battery Cable Resistance

(c) If resistance tests do not detect feed circuit failures, remove the starter motor and go to Bench Testing Starter Solenoid.

STARTER CONTROL CIRCUIT TESTS

The starter control circuit has:

²Starter solenoid

²Starter relay (Fig. 2)

²Neutral starting and back-up switch with automatic transmissions

²Clutch pedal mounted starter interlock switch with manual transmissions

²Ignition switch

²Battery

²All related wiring and connections

CAUTION: Before performing any starter tests, the ignition system must be disabled.

²VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH A CONVENTIONAL DISTRIBUTOR: Disconnect coil wire from distributor cap center tower. Secure wire to a good ground to prevent engine from starting (Fig. 6).

²VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH DIRECT IGNITION SYSTEM: Unplug the coils electrical connector (Fig. 7).

STARTER SOLENOID TEST

WARNING: CHECK TO ENSURE THAT THE TRANSMISSION IS IN PARK OR NEUTRAL WITH THE PARKING BRAKE APPLIED

Fig. 13 Starter Relay LocationÐAC, AG, AJ, and AY

Bodies

²On AA/AP Bodies the relay is located on the front of the left front strut tower (Fig. 14).

(7)Remove the starter relay from the connector.

(8)Connect a remote starter switch or a jumper wire between the battery positive post and terminal 87 on the starter relay connector. To decide the starter relay terminal numbers, refer to the Starter Relay Tests.

²If engine now cranks, starter/starter solenoid is good. Go to the starter relay test.

²If engine does not crank with this test, or solenoid chatters, check wiring and connectors from starter relay to starter solenoid for loose or corroded connections. Particularly at starter terminals.

²Repeat test. If engine still fails to crank properly, trouble is within starter or starter mounted solenoid, and it must be removed for repairs. Refer to Group 8B, Battery/Starter/Alternator Service, Starter replacement.

Fig. 14 Starter Relay LocationÐAA/AP Body

STARTER RELAY TEST

WARNING: CHECK TO ENSURE THAT THE TRANSMISSION IS IN PARK OR NEUTRAL WITH THE PARKING BRAKE APPLIED

(1)Verify battery condition. Battery must be in good condition with a full charge before performing any starter tests. Refer to Battery Tests.

(2)Perform the preceding starter solenoid tests BEFORE performing starter relay tests. Refer to Starter Solenoid Test.

(3)Locate and remove the starter relay. For starter relay locations, refer to Starter Solenoid Test (Fig. 13 or 14).

(4)After the starter relay has been located and removed, refer to Starter Relay Tests (Fig. 15).

NEUTRAL STARTING AND BACK-UP SWITCH

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION ONLY

For electrical diagnostics, when checking starter circuits, refer to Starter Relay Tests (Fig. 15).

For replacement of switch, refer to Group 21, Transaxle, Neutral Starting and Switch Replacement.

STARTER INTERLOCK SWITCHÐCLUTCH PEDAL MOUNTED

MANUAL TRANSMISSION ONLY

For electrical diagnostics, refer to the Starter Relay Tests.

For replacement and/or adjustment of the switch, refer to Group 6, Manual Transaxle Clutch, Manual Transaxle Starter Interlock Switch.

IGNITION SWITCH TEST

After testing the starter solenoid and relay, test ignition switch and wiring. Refer to Group 8D, Ignition Systems, or the Front Wheel Drive Car Wiring Diagrams Service Manual. Check all wiring for opens or shorts, and all connectors for being loose or corroded.

BENCH TESTING STARTER SOLENOID

(1)Disconnect field coil wire from field coil terminal (Fig. 16 or 17).

(2)Check for continuity between solenoid terminal and field coil terminal with a continuity tester. Continuity should be detected (Fig. 18 or 19).

(3)Check for continuity between solenoid terminal and solenoid housing (Fig. 20 or 21). Continuity should be detected. If continuity is detected, solenoid is good.

(4)If continuity is not detected in either test, solenoid has an open circuit and is defective. If equipped with:

²BOSCH STARTER: Replace the solenoid.

²NIPPONDENSO STARTER: Replace the starter assembly.

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ALTERNATOR OUTPUT WIRE RESISTANCE TEST

The alternator output wire resistance test shows the amount of voltage drop across the alternator output wire between the alternator B+ terminal and the positive battery post.

PREPARATION

Before starting test, make sure the vehicle has a fully charged battery. Tests and procedures to check for a fully charged battery is shown in the Battery section.

(1)Turn the ignition switch OFF.

(2)Disconnect battery NEGATIVE cable.

(3)Disconnect the alternator B+ output wire from the alternator output battery terminal (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1 Alternator Wiring Connections

(4)Connect a 0-150 ampere scale (DC) ammeter in series between B+ terminal and output wire (Fig. 1 and 2). Connect positive lead to B+ terminal, and negative lead to output wire.

(5)Using o-18 volt scale voltmeter, connect the positive lead to the disconnected (B+) output wire (Fig. 1). Connect the negative lead to positive battery post.

(6)Remove fresh air hose between Engine Controller and air cleaner if necessary.

(7)Connect jumper wire between a good ground and K20 circuit terminal at the back of the alternator.

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CAUTION: Do not connect the A142 circuit terminal (Fig. 1) to ground the Fusible link will burn.

(8) Connect an engine tachometer and connect battery negative cable.

(10) Connect a volt/amp tester equipped with a variable carbon pile rheostat between battery terminals (Fig. 3).

Caution: Be sure the carbon pile is in OFF position before connecting leads.

TEST

(1)Start engine. Immediately after starting, reduce engine speed to idle.

(2)Adjust engine speed and carbon pile to maintain 20 amperes flowing in the circuit. Observe voltmeter reading. Voltmeter reading should not exceed 0.5 volts.

RESULTS

If a higher voltage drop is shown, inspect, clean and tighten all connections between alternator B+ terminal and battery positive post. A voltage drop test may be performed at each connection to locate a connection with excessive resistance. If resistance tests are satisfactory, reduce engine speed, turn off carbon pile, and turn off ignition switch.

(1)Disconnect battery negative cable.

(2)Remove test ammeter, voltmeter, carbon pile, and tachometer.

(3)Remove jumper wire.

(4)Connect alternator output wire to alternator B+ terminal.

(5)Connect battery negative cable.

(6)Connect fresh air hose between Engine Controller and air cleaner if removed.

ALTERNATOR CURRENT OUTPUT TEST

The current output test decides whether the alternator can deliver its rated current output. For alternator identification and output amperage specifications, refer to Alternator Specifications.

For alternator maximum voltage at individual temperatures, refer to Alternator Output Voltage Specifications.

Fig. 3 Volt/Amp Tester Connections

PREPARATION

Before starting any tests, make sure the vehicle has a fully charged battery. Tests and procedures to check for a fully charged battery is shown in Battery section.

(1)Disconnect battery negative cable.

(2)Disconnect output wire at the B+ terminal (Figs. 1 and 4).

(3)Connect a 0-150 ampere scale (DC) ammeter in series between the B+ terminal and output wire. Connect Positive lead to B+ terminal and negative lead to output wire.

(4)Using 0-18 voltmeter, connect positive lead to B+ terminal (Figs. 1 and 4). Connect negative lead to a good ground.

(5)Connect an engine tachometer and connect battery negative cable.

(6)Connect a volt/amp tester equipped with a variable carbon pile rheostat between battery terminals (Fig. 5). Be sure carbon pile is in OFF position before connecting leads.

(7)Remove fresh air hose between Engine Controller computer and air cleaner if necessary.

(8)Full field the alternator. Connect a jumper wire between a good ground and K20 circuit terminal at the back of the alternator (Figs. 1 and 4).

CAUTION: Do not connect the A142 circuit terminal (Fig. 1) to ground. Fusible link will burn.

TEST

(1)Start the engine. Immediately after starting, reduce engine speed to idle.

(2)Adjust the carbon pile and engine speed in steps until an engine speed of 1250 rpm, and a voltmeter reading of 15 volts is obtained.

CAUTION: Do not allow the battery voltage to exceed 16 volts.

Fig. 5 Volt/Amp Tester Connections

(3) The alternator amperage must meet the output requirements for the particular alternator being tested. Refer to Alternator Specifications for alternator identification and amperage outputs.

RESULTS

(1)If amperage reading is less than specified, and alternator output wire resistance is not found excessive from the previous tests, alternator should be replaced. Refer to Group 8B, Battery/Starter/Alternator Service, Alternator Replacement. These alternators are not intended to be disassembled for service. It must be replaced as an assembly.

(2)After current output test is completed, reduce engine speed, turn off carbon pile, and turn off ignition switch.

(3)Disconnect battery negative cable.

(4)Remove test ammeter, voltmeter, tachometer and carbon pile.

(5)Remove jumper wire between K20 circuit terminal and ground.

(6)Connect output wire to B+ terminal.

(7)Connect negative battery cable.

(8)Connect fresh air hose between engine controller and air cleaner if removed.