Файл: Моделирование цифровых и микропроцессорных систем (И.А. Дьяков, 2001).pdf
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HibkZgb_ p_eh]h b \_s_kl\_ggh]h lbih\ k aZ^Zgguf ^bZiZahghf baf_g_gby \u]ey^bl gZijbf_j lZd |
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W\SH ,QGH[LV UDQJH WR p_euc lbi |
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W\SH 92/7$*(LV UDQJH WR \_s_kl\_gguc lbi |
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;Zah\uc lbi p_euc beb \_s_kl\_gguc g_y\gh hij_^_ey_lky |
agZq_gbyfb ^bZiZahgZ <_s_kl\_gguc lbi |
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ij_^klZ\ey_lky agZq_gbyfb k ieZ\Zxs_c aZiylhc |
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DZd gZb[he__ jZkijhkljZg_ggu_ nbabq_kdb_ lbiu \ yaudZo hibkZgby ZiiZjZlmju bkihevamxlky |
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gZijy`_gb_ kbeZ lhdZ we_dljbq_kdZy fhsghklv qZklhlZ |
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>ey yaudZ9+'/klZg^Zjlguf nbabq_kdbf lbihf y\ey_lky lbi7LPH |
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W\SH |
7LPHLV UDQJH WR ( |
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XQLWV |
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IV |
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SV |
IV |
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QV |
SV |
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XV |
QV |
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PV XV |
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V |
PV |
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PLQ V |
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KU |
PLQ |
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HQG XQLWV |
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< dZq_kl\_ [Zah\hc _^bgbpu \u[jZgZ n_flhk_dmg^Z k b \ayl ^bZiZahg ^h q ;Zah\mx |
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_^bgbpm \j_f_gb b ^bZiZahg fh`_l \u[jZlv ihevah\Zl_ev h^gZdh ^bZiZahg h]jZgbqb\Z_lky |
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^ebghc keh\Z bgkljm f_glZevghc fZrbgu |
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KhklZ\gu_ lbiu wlh fZkkb\ bg^_dkbjm_fuc lbi b aZibkv kljmdlmjguc lbi Lbi ELWBYHFWRU _klv fZkkb\ |
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dhlhjuc g_y\gh hibku\Z_lky ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf |
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W\SH ELWBYHFWRULV DUUD\ 1DWXUDO UDQJH !RI ELW |
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%LW wlh [Zah\uc lbi we_f_glh\ fZkkb\Z <ujZ`_gb_ 1DWXUDO UDQJH klZg^Zjlguc kihkh[ |
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mdZaZlv qlh ^ebgZ fZkkb\Z [m^_l aZ^Z\Zlvky ^bZiZahghf gZlmjZevguo qbk_e Ihevah\Zl_ev ^he`_g |
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aZ^Z\Zlv dhgdj_lguc ^bZiZahg ijb ijbf_g_gbb lZdh]h lbiZ gZijbf_j ELWBYHFWRU WR |
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\hajZklZxsbc ^bZiZahg beb ELWBYHFWRU GRZQWR m[u\Zxsbc ^bZiZahg <hafh`gu fZkkb\u k |
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^jm]bfb [Zah\ufb lbiZfb |
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AZibkv khklZ\ghc lbi khklhysbc ba jy^Z ihe_c GZijbf_j ,06 fh`gh hibkZlv dZd aZibkv |
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ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf |
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W\SH |
,06LV UHFRUG |
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1XP ,QWHJHUUDQJH WR
&KLS ,QWHJHUUDQJH WR
)XQF )XQFB,06 HQG UHFRUG
A^_kv)XQFB,06 i_j_qbkebfuc lbi kh^_j`Zsbc gZ[hj nmgdpbc ^ey dZ`^hc fbdjhko_fu Lbi
1XPhij_^_ey_l ihjy^dh\uc ghf_j fbdjhko_fu Z &KLShij_^_ey_l dhjimk b dhebq_kl\h \u\h^h\ Yaud 9+'/ hlghkblky d yaudZf kh kljh]bf dhgljhe_f lbih\ Ihwlhfm dhfibeylhj [m^_l
ijh\_jylv g_ lhevdh kbglZdkbk bkoh^gh]h l_dklZ gh b d\Zebnbpbjh\Zlv ihiuldb kf_r_gby jZaebqguo lbih\ ih^lbih\ dZd hrb[dm GZijbf_j _keb hij_^_eblv ke_^mxsb_ ih^lbiu b h[ty\blv i_j_f_ggu_
VXEW\SH $GGUHVVLV ELWBYHFWRUWR
VXEW\SH 'DWDLV ELWBYHFWRUWR
YDULDEOH 3RUW$GGUHVV
YDULDEOH 3RUW 'DWD
lh \uiheg_gb_ hi_jZlhjh\3RUW 3RUWbeb3RUW 3RUW[m^_l g_\_jguf lZd dZd3RUWb 3RUW hlghkylky d jZaebqguf ih^lbiZf Fh`gh hij_^_eblv dhjhldbc lbi dZd p_eh_ qbkeh hl ^h Gh lh]^Z gZ^h agZlv qlh j_amevlZlu hi_jZpbc gZ^ jZagufb ih^lbiZfb [m^ml khhl\_lkl\h\Zlv lbim h[t_dlZ b \hafh`gh mk_q_gb_ beb ^hiheg_gb_ gmeyfb
VXEW\SH 6KRUWHULV VKRUWUDQJH WR
VXEW\SH 6KRUWHVWLV VKRUWUDQJH WR
VLJQDO ; ; < 6KRUWHVW
VLJQDO < 6KRUWHU
VLJQDO < VKRUW
EHJLQ
< ; ;kmffZ [m^_l mk_q_gZ
< ; ;j_amevlZl g_ bf__l mk_q_gby
< ; ;j_amevlZl bf__l ^hiheg_gb_ gmeyfb
Hi_jZpbb |
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Yaud 9+'/ bf__l iheguc gZ[hj hi_jZpbc ^ey jZ[hlu k ij_^mkfhlj_ggufb lbiZfb ^Zgguo |
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I_j_q_gv hi_jZpbc ijb\_^_g \ lZ[e |
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Eh]bq_kdb_ hi_jZpbb hij_^_e_gu ^ey lbih\ ELW %RROHDQ b h^ghf_jguo fZkkb\h\ \ dhlhjuo |
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dZ`^uc we_f_gl bf__l lbiELWbeb%RROHDQlZdbf h[jZahf hgb hij_^_e_gu b ^ey lbiZELWBYHFWRU |
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<k_ hi_jZpbb kjZ\g_gby \ha\jZsZxl j_amevlZl lbiZ%RROHDQl _ agZq_gb_7UXHbeb)DOVH<k_ hi_jZpbb kjZ\g_gby |
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bf_xl e_\u_ b ijZ\u_ hi_jZg^u gZijbf_j $ < H[_ hi_jZpbb dhgljhey wd\b\Ze_glghklb \ dZq_kl\_ e_\h]h |
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b ijZ\h]h hi_jZg^h\ fh]ml bf_lv ex[hc gh h^bg b lhl `_ lbi ?keb lbi khklZ\ghc gZijbf_j fZkkb\ ijh\_jdZ |
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\uihegy_lky ih _]h we_f_glZf H[Z hi_jZg^Z khklZ\gh]h lbiZ kqblZxlky jZ\gufb _keb jZ\gu \k_ bo khhl\_lkl\mxsb_ |
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we_f_glu |
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LZ[ebpZ |
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