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Book of Vaadin

Vaadin 7 Edition

Book of Vaadin: Vaadin 7 Edition

Vaadin Ltd

Marko Grönroos

Vaadin 7 Edition Edition

Vaadin Framework 7.0.0

Published: 2013-03-04

Abstract

Vaadin is an AJAX web application development framework that enables developers to build high-quality user interfaces with Java, both on the serverand client-side. It provides a set of libraries of ready-to-use user interface components and a clean framework for creating your own components. The focus is on ease- of-use, re-usability, extensibility, and meeting the requirements of large enterprise applications.

[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode].

Table of Contents
Preface ..........................................................................................................................	xiii
Part I. Introduction ...........................................................................................................	19
Chapter 1. Introduction .........................................................................................	21
1.1. Overview ..................................................................................................	21
1.2. Example Application Walkthrough ..............................................................	23
1.3. Support for the Eclipse IDE .......................................................................	24
1.4. Goals and Philosophy ...............................................................................	25
1.5. Background ..............................................................................................	25
Chapter 2. Getting Started with Vaadin ..................................................................	27
2.1. Overview ..................................................................................................	27
2.2. Setting up the Development Environment ...................................................	28
2.2.1. Installing Java SDK ........................................................................	29
2.2.2. Installing Eclipse IDE ......................................................................	30
2.2.3. Installing Apache Tomcat ................................................................	31
2.2.4. Firefox and Firebug ........................................................................	31
2.3. Overview of Vaadin Libraries .....................................................................	32
2.4. Installing Vaadin Plugin for Eclipse .............................................................	33
2.4.1. Installing the IvyDE Plugin ..............................................................	33
2.4.2. Installing the Vaadin Plugin .............................................................	34
2.4.3. Updating the Plugins ......................................................................	36
2.4.4. Updating the Vaadin Libraries .........................................................	36
2.5. Creating and Running a Project with Eclipse ...............................................	36
2.5.1. Creating the Project .......................................................................	37
2.5.2. Exploring the Project ......................................................................	41
2.5.3. Coding Tips for Eclipse ...................................................................	42
2.5.4. Setting Up and Starting the Web Server ..........................................	44
2.5.5. Running and Debugging .................................................................	45
2.6. Using Vaadin with Maven ...........................................................................	46
2.6.1. Working from Command-Line ..........................................................	46
2.6.2. Compiling and Running the Application ...........................................	47
2.6.3. Using Add-ons and Custom Widget Sets .........................................	48
2.7. Creating a Project with NetBeans IDE ........................................................	48
2.7.1. Maven Project from a Vaadin Archetype ...........................................	48
2.7.2. Regular Web Application Project .....................................................	49
2.8. Vaadin Installation Package .......................................................................	49
2.8.1. Package Contents ..........................................................................	49
2.8.2. Installing the Libraries ....................................................................	50
Chapter 3. Architecture .........................................................................................	51
3.1. Overview ..................................................................................................	51
3.2. Technological Background .........................................................................	54
3.2.1. HTML and JavaScript .....................................................................	54
3.2.2. Styling with CSS and Sass .............................................................	54
3.2.3. AJAX .............................................................................................	54
3.2.4. Google Web Toolkit ........................................................................	55
3.2.5. Java Servlets .................................................................................	55
3.3. Client-Side Engine ....................................................................................	56
3.4. Events and Listeners .................................................................................	57
Part II. Server-Side Framework ........................................................................................	59

Book of Vaadin

Chapter 4. Writing a Server-Side Web Application .................................................	61
4.1. Overview ..................................................................................................	61
4.2. Building the UI ..........................................................................................	64
4.2.1. Application Architecture ..................................................................	65
4.2.2. Compositing Components ...............................................................	66
4.2.3. View Navigation .............................................................................	67
4.2.4. Layered Architectures .....................................................................	67
4.2.5. Accessing UI, Page, Session, and Service .......................................	68
4.3. Handling Events with Listeners ..................................................................	68
4.3.1. Implementing a Listener in a Regular Class .....................................	69
4.3.2. Differentiating Between Event Sources ............................................	69
4.3.3. The Easy Way: Using Anonymous Classes ......................................	70
4.4. Images and Other Resources ....................................................................	70
4.4.1. Resource Interfaces and Classes ....................................................	71
4.4.2. File Resources ...............................................................................	71
4.4.3. Class Loader Resources ................................................................	72
4.4.4. Theme Resources ..........................................................................	72
4.4.5. Stream Resources .........................................................................	73
4.5. Handling Errors .........................................................................................	74
4.5.1. Error Indicator and message ...........................................................	74
4.5.2. Customizing System Messages ......................................................	74
4.5.3. Handling Uncaught Exceptions ......................................................	75
4.6. Notifications ..............................................................................................	76
4.6.1. Notification Type .............................................................................	77
4.6.2. Customizing Notifications ...............................................................	78
4.6.3. Styling with CSS ............................................................................	79
4.7. Application Lifecycle ..................................................................................	79
4.7.1. Deployment ...................................................................................	79
4.7.2. Vaadin Servlet, Portlet, and Service ................................................	80
4.7.3. User Session .................................................................................	80
4.7.4. Loading a UI ..................................................................................	81
4.7.5. UI Expiration ..................................................................................	82
4.7.6. Session Expiration .........................................................................	82
4.7.7. Closing a Session ..........................................................................	82
4.8. Deploying an Application ...........................................................................	83
4.8.1. Creating Deployable WAR in Eclipse ...............................................	83
4.8.2. Web Application Contents ...............................................................	83
4.8.3. Deployment Descriptor web.xml ....................................................	84
4.8.4. Other Deployment Parameters ........................................................	85
4.8.5. Deployment Configuration ..............................................................	87
Chapter 5. User Interface Components .................................................................	89
5.1. Overview ..................................................................................................	90
5.2. Interfaces and Abstractions .......................................................................	91
5.2.1. Component Interface .....................................................................	92
5.2.2. AbstractComponent .....................................................................	93
5.2.3. Field Components (Field and AbstractField) ..................................	93
5.3. Common Component Features ..................................................................	96
5.3.1. Caption .........................................................................................	96
5.3.2. Description and Tooltips ..................................................................	97
5.3.3. Enabled .........................................................................................	98
5.3.4. Icon ...............................................................................................	99
5.3.5. Locale .........................................................................................	100

Book of Vaadin

5.3.6. Read-Only ...................................................................................	102
5.3.7. Style Name ..................................................................................	103
5.3.8. Visible .........................................................................................	104
5.3.9. Sizing Components ......................................................................	104
5.3.10. Managing Input Focus ................................................................	106
5.4. Component Extensions ...........................................................................	107
5.5. Label .....................................................................................................	107
5.5.1. Content Mode ..............................................................................	108
5.5.2. Making Use of the HTML Mode .....................................................	109
5.5.3. Spacing with a Label ....................................................................	109
5.5.4. CSS Style Rules ..........................................................................	110
5.6. Link .......................................................................................................	110
5.7. TextField ...............................................................................................	112
5.7.1. Data Binding ................................................................................	113
5.7.2. String Length ...............................................................................	114
5.7.3. Handling Null Values ....................................................................	114
5.7.4. Text Change Events ......................................................................	115
5.7.5. CSS Style Rules ..........................................................................	116
5.8. TextArea ................................................................................................	116
5.9. PasswordField .......................................................................................	118
5.10. RichTextArea .......................................................................................	118
5.11. Date and Time Input with DateField .......................................................	120
5.11.1. PopupDateField ........................................................................	120
5.11.2. InlineDateField .........................................................................	123
5.11.3. Time Resolution .........................................................................	124
5.11.4. DateField Locale ........................................................................	125
5.12. Button .................................................................................................	125
5.13. CheckBox ............................................................................................	126
5.14. Selecting Items .....................................................................................	127
5.14.1. Binding Selection Components to Data ........................................	127
5.14.2. Basic Select Component ............................................................	131
5.14.3. ListSelect .................................................................................	133
5.14.4. Native Selection Component NativeSelect ..................................	133
5.14.5. Radio Button and Check Box Groups with OptionGroup ..............	134
5.14.6. Twin Column Selection with TwinColSelect .................................	136
5.14.7. Allowing Adding New Items .........................................................	137
5.14.8. Multiple Selection Mode ..............................................................	138
5.14.9. Other Common Features ............................................................	139
5.15. Table ....................................................................................................	139
5.15.1. Selecting Items in a Table ...........................................................	141
5.15.2. Table Features ...........................................................................	142
5.15.3. Editing the Values in a Table ........................................................	145
5.15.4. Column Headers and Footers ......................................................	149
5.15.5. Generated Table Columns ...........................................................	150
5.15.6. Formatting Table Columns ...........................................................	153
5.15.7. CSS Style Rules .........................................................................	154
5.16. Tree .....................................................................................................	157
5.17. MenuBar ..............................................................................................	158
5.18. Embedded Resources ...........................................................................	160
5.18.1. Embedded Image ......................................................................	160
5.18.2. Adobe Flash Graphics ................................................................	161
5.18.3. BrowserFrame ..........................................................................	161
5.18.4. Generic Embedded Objects .......................................................	161
5.19. Upload .................................................................................................	162

iii

Book of Vaadin

5.20. ProgressIndicator ...............................................................................	164
5.20.1. Doing Heavy Computation ..........................................................	165
5.21. Slider ...................................................................................................	166
5.22. Component Composition with CustomComponent .................................	168
5.23. Composite Fields with CustomField ......................................................	169
Chapter 6. Managing Layout ................................................................................	171
6.1. Overview ................................................................................................	173
6.2. Window and Panel Content ......................................................................	174
6.3. VerticalLayout and HorizontalLayout .....................................................	175
6.3.1. Sizing Contained Components ......................................................	175
6.4. GridLayout ............................................................................................	179
6.4.1. Sizing Grid Cells ..........................................................................	180
6.5. FormLayout ...........................................................................................	183
6.6. Panel .....................................................................................................	184
6.6.1. Scrolling the Panel Content ...........................................................	185
6.7. Sub-Windows .........................................................................................	186
6.7.1. Opening and Closing a Sub-Window .............................................	187
6.7.2. Window Positioning ......................................................................	189
6.7.3. Scrolling Sub-Window Content ......................................................	189
6.7.4. Modal Windows ............................................................................	190
6.8. HorizontalSplitPanel and VerticalSplitPanel ..........................................	190
6.9. TabSheet ...............................................................................................	192
6.10. Accordion ............................................................................................	195
6.11. AbsoluteLayout ...................................................................................	197
6.12. CssLayout ...........................................................................................	199
6.13. Layout Formatting .................................................................................	202
6.13.1. Layout Size ................................................................................	202
6.13.2. Layout Cell Alignment .................................................................	203
6.13.3. Layout Cell Spacing ....................................................................	205
6.13.4. Layout Margins ...........................................................................	207
6.14. Custom Layouts ....................................................................................	209
Chapter 7. Visual User Interface Design with Eclipse ..........................................	211
7.1. Overview ................................................................................................	211
7.2. Creating a New Composite ......................................................................	212
7.3. Using The Visual Designer .......................................................................	214
7.3.1. Adding New Components .............................................................	215
7.3.2. Setting Component Properties ......................................................	216
7.3.3. Editing an AbsoluteLayout ..........................................................	218
7.4. Structure of a Visually Editable Component ..............................................	220
7.4.1. Sub-Component References .........................................................	220
7.4.2. Sub-Component Builders ..............................................................	221
7.4.3. The Constructor ...........................................................................	221
Chapter 8. Themes ...............................................................................................	223
8.1. Overview ................................................................................................	223
8.2. Introduction to Cascading Style Sheets ....................................................	225
8.2.1. Basic CSS Rules ..........................................................................	225
8.2.2. Matching by Element Class ...........................................................	226
8.2.3. Matching by Descendant Relationship ...........................................	227
8.2.4. Notes on Compatibility ..................................................................	230
8.3. Syntactically Awesome Stylesheets (Sass) ...............................................	230
8.3.1. Sass Overview .............................................................................	231
8.3.2. Sass Basics with Vaadin ...............................................................	231

Book of Vaadin

8.3.3. Compiling On the Fly ....................................................................	232
8.3.4. Compiling Sass to CSS ................................................................	232
8.4. Creating and Using Themes ....................................................................	232
8.4.1. Sass Themes ...............................................................................	232
8.4.2. Plain Old CSS Themes .................................................................	233
8.4.3. Styling Standard Components .......................................................	233
8.4.4. Built-in Themes ............................................................................	235
8.4.5. Using Themes in an UI .................................................................	236
8.4.6. Theme Inheritance .......................................................................	236
8.5. Creating a Theme in Eclipse ....................................................................	236
Chapter 9. Binding Components to Data .............................................................	239
9.1. Overview ................................................................................................	239
9.2. Properties ..............................................................................................	241
9.2.1. Property Viewers and Editors ........................................................	242
9.2.2. ObjectProperty Implementation ...................................................	243
9.2.3. Converting Between Property Type and Representation ..................	243
9.2.4. Implementing the Property Interface .............................................	245
9.3. Holding properties in Items ......................................................................	246
9.3.1. The PropertysetItem Implementation ...........................................	247
9.3.2. Wrapping a Bean in a BeanItem ...................................................	247
9.4. Creating Forms by Binding Fields to Items ................................................	249
9.4.1. Simple Binding .............................................................................	249
9.4.2. Using a FieldFactory to Build and Bind Fields ...........................	250
9.4.3. Binding Member Fields .................................................................	250
9.4.4. Buffering Forms ...........................................................................	251
9.4.5. Binding Fields to a Bean ...............................................................	252
9.4.6. Bean Validation ............................................................................	252
9.5. Collecting Items in Containers ..................................................................	254
9.5.1. Basic Use of Containers ...............................................................	254
9.5.2. Container Subinterfaces ...............................................................	255
9.5.3. IndexedContainer .......................................................................	256
9.5.4. BeanContainer ...........................................................................	257
9.5.5. BeanItemContainer ....................................................................	259
9.5.6. Iterating Over a Container .............................................................	260
9.5.7. Filterable Containers ...................................................................	261
Chapter 10. Vaadin SQLContainer .......................................................................	265
10.1. Architecture ..........................................................................................	266
10.2. Getting Started with SQLContainer ........................................................	266
10.2.1. Creating a connection pool ..........................................................	266
10.2.2. Creating the TableQuery Query Delegate ....................................	267
10.2.3. Creating the Container ................................................................	267
10.3. Filtering and Sorting ..............................................................................	267
10.3.1. Filtering .....................................................................................	267
10.3.2. Sorting ......................................................................................	268
10.4. Editing ..................................................................................................	268
10.4.1. Adding items ..............................................................................	268
10.4.2. Fetching generated row keys .......................................................	268
10.4.3. Version column requirement ........................................................	269
10.4.4. Auto-commit mode .....................................................................	269
10.4.5. Modified state ............................................................................	269
10.5. Caching, Paging and Refreshing ............................................................	270
10.5.1. Container Size ...........................................................................	270

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