Файл: Исаченко А.Г. Ландшафтоведение и физико-географическое районирование 1991.pdf

9/&''01(#-"=3:&1F(B":&&(."<"a(9,*.@(*10.0>(#"9/&''0>(9,*.3?(#"*.$#,&.(/(
6":".,a( ,( d."( #-3/"+3.( 2( 3>( &/.-"=32,?33F( `',:"<39'0&( #-"?&**0(
',6:8+,8.*;( #-3( 3*#":@7"/,'33( $+"6-&'3Aa( #&*.3?3+"/( 3( #"*.$#:&'33(
-,7:39'0>(.&>'"<&''0>(7,<-;7'3.&:&AF((

H**:&+"/,'3&(#-"37/"+'0>(1"+3=32,?3A(<&"*3*.&1(+":c'"("*'"/0/,.@*;(

',(=$'2?3"',:@'"]+3',139&*2"1(#"+>"+&a(2"."-0A("+'"/-&1&''"(;/:;&.*;(3(
<&'&.39&*231F( k."( "7',9,&.( #-&c+&( /*&<"( /0;*'&'3&( <&'&.39&*2"A( */;73(
2,c+"A( 1"+3=32,?33( *( &&( 3*>"+'01( 3'/,-3,'."1( 3( +,:@'&Ab3A( ,',:37(
*.,+3,:@'0>( *1&'a( /"7'32,8%3>( 2,2( /( >"+&( /"7+&A*./3;a( .,2( 3( #"*:&( &<"(
#-&2-,%&'3;a(.F(&F(/(#-"?&**&(-&',.$-,:37,?33(X(/"7/-,%&'3;(2($.-,9&''"1$(
&*.&*./&''"1$( -,/'"/&*38F( B&7( #-&+*.,/:&'3;( "6( 3'/,-3,'.&( '&/"71"c'"(
#-3/&*.3( /( *3*.&1$( "<-"1'"&( 1'"<""6-,73&( 1"+3=32,?3A( /*&>( -,'<"/a(
-,7-,6,.0/,.@( #-"<'"70( 3>( +,:@'&Ab&<"( #"/&+&'3;( 3( 1&-"#-3;.3;( #"(
"#.3137,?33F( 4$%&*./$&.( .&'+&'?3;( -,**1,.-3/,.@( 2,c+$8( 6":&&(3:3( 1&'&&(
/-&1&''$8( 1"+3=32,?38( #-3-"+'"<"( 2"1#:&2*,( M:$<a( "<"-"+a( 7,-"*:3(
2$*.,-'32"/a( /."-39'0&( 1&:2":3*./&''0&( :&*,( 3( .F( #FP( 2,2( *,1"*.";.&:@'0&(
2:,**3=32,?3"''0&( &+3'3?0( X( e.3#0fa( e2:,**0f( 3( .F( +Fa( .F( &F(
2:,**3=3?3-"/,.@(3>(2,2('&23&(,/."'"1'0&(*3*.&10(#"(#-37',2$(/-&1&''"<"(
*"*.";'3;( 3:3( *3813'$.'"<"( 3*#":@7"/,'3;F( N"+"6'0A( *.,.39'0A( #"+>"+(
+&7"-3&'.3-$&.( #-,2.32$F( O"c'"( :3( "?&'3/,.@( :&*'0&( -&*$-*0( ',(
#&-*#&2.3/$a( &*:3( 3*>"+3.@( 37( =,2.,( #-"37-,*.,'3;( /( +,''0A( 1"1&'.(
#-"37/"+'0>(6&-&7';2"/(',(1&*.&(&:"/"<"(3:3(+$6"/"<"(:&*,a(2"<+,(37/&*.'"a(
9."( 9&-&7( '&*2":@2"( +&*;.3:&.3A( 7+&*@( /"**.,'"/3.*;( :&*a( 6:3723A( 2(
3*>"+'"1$š( 4.&#'0&( 3:3( .$'+-"/0&( *""6%&*./,( /"**.,',/:3/,8.*;( /( &%&(
6":&&(2"-".23&(*-"23(MDT(X(UT(:&.P(F((

O,:"(#-,2.39&*2"<"(*10*:,(/(."1a(9."60(2:,**3=3?3-"/,.@(*"/-&1&''0&(

,'.-"#"<&''"].&>'"<&''0&(1"+3=32,?33(:,'+b,=."/(3:3(=,?3A(/(".-0/&(".(
3*>"+'"<"( ',9,:,F( R*&( 1"+3=32,?33( +":c'0( 60.@( *.-"<"( #-3/;7,'0( 2(
&*.&*./&''"A( 2:,**3=32,?33( <&"*3*.&1a( 36"( 2,c+"1$( .3#$a( 2:,**$a( /3+$(
:,'+b,=."/( M3:3( =,?3Aa( $-"93%P( "./&9,8.( */"3( +3',139&*23&( -;+0a( 3:3(
*&-33(#-"37/"+'0>(1"+3=32,?3Aa("6;7,''0>(*/"31(*$%&*./"/,'3&1(."1$(3:3(
3'"1$( /1&b,.&:@*./$( 9&:"/&2,F( Q,#-31&-a( +:;( #":$#$*.0''0>( :,'+b,=."/(
.3#39'0( -,7:39'0&( #,*2/,:@'0&( 1"+3=32,?33a( */;7,''0&( *( /0#,*"1( *2".,a(
+:;(#$*.0''0>(X(#,*2/,:@'0&a(3--3<,?3"''0&(M3(#"*.3--3<,?3"''0&a(*-&+3(
2"."-0>(1"<$.(60.@a(',#-31&-a(/."-39'0&(*":"'9,23P(3(+-F((

N"+"6'"A(

2:,**3=32,?33(

+":c',(

#-&+b&*./"/,.@(

*3*.&1,.32,(

9&:"/&9&*23>(/"7+&A*./3Aa(9."(#-&+*.,/:;&.(+"*.,."9'"(*:"c'$8(7,+,9$a(.,2(
2,2( /( *3*.&1&( +":c'0( 60.@( ".-,c&'0( 1'"<3&( #"2,7,.&:3J( >"7;A*./&''"&(
3*#":@7"/,'3&( .&--3."-33( M*&:@*2">"7;A*./&''"&( *( #"+-,7+&:&'3&1( ',(
7&1:&+&:@9&*2"&(X("-"b,&1"&(3(6"<,-'"&a(#,*.63%'"&(3(.F(+Fa(-&2-&,?3"''"&a(
:&*">"7;A*./&''"&( 3( +-FPa( />"+'0&( /"7+&A*./3;( 3( 3>( =,2."-0( M',#-31&-a(
/0-$62,( :&*,a( #"+*0#2,( <-$'.,a( "*$b3.&:@',;( 1&:3"-,?3;( 3( .F( #FPa(
3'.&'*3/'"*.@(d."<"((

VUE(

(

/"7+&A*./3;( 3( &<"( +:3.&:@'"*.@a( .&--3."-3,:@'0&( 1,*b.,60( 3( -,+3$*(

+&A*./3;( .&>'"<&''"<"( =,2."-,F( N"+( .&--3."-3,:@'013( 1,*b.,6,13(
#"+-,7$1&/,&.*;(*""./&.*./3&(/"7+&A*./3;(3&-,->33(<&"*3*.&1a(.F(&F(/(-,12,>(
2,2"<"( .,2*"'"139&*2"<"( $-"/';( M=,?33a( $-"93%,a( :,'+b,=.,P( "'"(
-,**1,.-3/,&.*;F( C,2( 37/&*.'"a( -&7$:@.,.0( /1&b,.&:@*./,( /( #-3-"+'0&(
#-"?&**0( +,:&2"( '&( /*&<+,( 7,102,8.*;( /( <-,'3?,>( #:"%,+3a( #"+/&-<b&A*;(
'&#"*-&+*./&''"1$(/"7+&A*./38F(R(*/;73( *(d.31(//"+3.*;(#"';.3&("(-,+3$*&(
+&A*./3;( 3:3a( ."9'&&a( "( 7"',>( /"7+&A*./3;F( g*.,'"/31*;( ',( d."1( /"#-"*&(
'&*2":@2"(#"+-"6'&&F((

N"( >,-,2.&-$( ,-&,:"/( #-";/:&'3;( >"7;A*./&''0&( /"7+&A*./3;( ',(

<&"*3*.&10(1"c'"(-,7+&:3.@(',(="'"/0&(3("9,<"/0&F(L"'"/0&(Me#:"%,+'0&fP(
/"7+&A*./3;( */;7,'0( *( ".-,*:;13( >"7;A*./,a( $.3:373-$8%313( #-3-"+'0&(
-&*$-*0a( 2"."-0&( -,*#-"*.-,';8.*;( 2"'.3'$,:@'"( ',( 6":@b3>( #:"%,+;>( 3(
31&8.( /"7"6'"/310A( >,-,2.&-( M*":'&9',;( d'&-<3;a( ,.1"*=&-'0&( "*,+23a(
#"9/0a( -,*.3.&:@'"*.@PF( j,( *9&.( d.3>( -&*$-*"/( *$%&*./$8.( 6"<,-'"&(
7&1:&+&:3&a( #,*.63%'"&( c3/".'"/"+*./"a( ">".,a( :&*'"&( >"7;A*./"F( R(
-,71&%&'33( d.3>( ".-,*:&A( 3( *""./&.*./$8%3>( /"7+&A*./3A( ',( #-3-"+'0&(
2"1#:&2*0(;/'"(#-"*:&c3/,&.*;(7"',:@'"*.@F((

g9,<"/0&( Me."9&9'0&f( 3( e:3'&A'0&fP( /"7+&A*./3;( 31&8.( +/";23A(

>,-,2.&-F( m,*.@( 3>( .,2c&( */;7,',( *( '&#"*-&+*./&''01( 3*#":@7"/,'3&1(
M+"609&A(3(#&-&-,6".2"A(',(1&*.&P(#-3-"+'0>(-&*$-*"/a('"(-&*$-*"/(#"(*/"&A(
#-3-"+&(,7"',:@'0>(3(31&8%3>("9,<"/"&(-,*#-"*.-,'&'3&F(k."(#-&c+&(/*&<"(
'&/"7"6'"/310&( 13'&-,:@'0&( -&*$-*0a( 2( 2"."-01( #-3$-"9&'0( "9,<3(
<"-'"+"60/,8%&A( #-"10b:&''"*.3F( 48+,( c&( 1"c'"( ".'&*.3( :"2,:@'0&(
3*."9'323(#"/&->'"*.'0>(3:3(#"+7&1'0>(/"+a(',("*'"/&(2"."-0>(-,7/3/,8.*;(
3--3<,?3;a(d'&-<&.32,(3(#-"10b:&''0&($7:0F((

g9,<3(/."-"<"(-"+,(*:,6"(3:3(/"/*&('&(*/;7,'0(*(1&*.'013(#-3-"+'013(

-&*$-*,13F(g'3(1"<$.(*$%&*./"/,.@(#":'"*.@8(3:3(9,*.39'"(7,(*9&.(-&*$-*"/a(
+"*.,/:;&10>( 37( +-$<3>( :,'+b,=."/F( R"7'32'"/&'3&( 3>( "6$*:"/:&'"(
#-&31$%&*./&''"( *"?3,:@'"]d2"'"139&*2313( #-393',13F( l,2( /"7'32,8.(
1'"<3&( #-"10b:&''0&( $7:0( 3( ?&'.-0( $-6,'37,?33F( R( */"&1( :,'+b,=.'"]
<&"<-,=39&*2"1( #-";/:&'33( "'3( 31&8.a( #"+"6'"( #-&+0+$%31a( ,7"',:@'0A(
Me2/,73,7"',:@'0AfP( >,-,2.&-F( g*"60A( /,-3,'.( X( :3'&A'0&( "9,<"/0&(
/"7+&A*./3;a(*/;7,''0&(*(.-,'*#"-.'013(,-.&-3;13(M/2:89,;(.-$6"#-"/"+0P(F((

L"'"/0&(/"7+&A*./3;(6":&&(.&*'"(*/;7,'0(*(#-3-"+'"A(*-&+"Aa(3(#"d."1$(

3>( ,-&,:0( *-,/'3.&:@'"( :&<2"( /#3*0/,8.*;( /( *3*.&1$( .&--3."-3,:@'"A(
:,'+b,=.'"A(+3==&-&'?3,?33(',(&&(-,7:39'0>($-"/';>(X(".(7"'(+"(=,?3AF(
g9,<"/0&( /"7+&A*./3;( 9,*."( ',2:,+0/,8.*;( ',( -,7:39'0&( <&"*3*.&10a( '&(
*93.,;*@(*(3>(<-,'3?,13F(l&1('&(1&'&&(d==&2.(/"7+&A*./3;(/*&<+,(7,/3*3.(".(
>,-,2.&-,( <&"*3*.&1F( L"'"/0&( /"7+&A*./3;( 6":&&( #"/&->'"*.'0&a( 9&1(
"9,<"/0&( X( /( #-;1"1( 3( #&-&'"*'"1( *10*:&( *:"/,J( "'3( 1&'&&( <:$6"2"F(
7,.-,<3/,8.( *.-$2.$-$( :,'+b,=.,( 3( ',36":&&( *$%&*./&''"( *2,70/,8.*;( ',(
63".&((

VU^(

(

3( #"9/&F( g9,<"/0&( /"7+&A*./3;a( ">/,.0/,;( 1&'@b3&( #:"%,+3a( 31&8.( 6":&&(
3'.&'*3/'0A( 3( 1'"<"*."-"''3A( >,-,2.&-a( '&-&+2"( 7,>/,.0/,;( 3( ./&-+0A(
=$'+,1&'.( :,'+b,=.,F( 4$%&*./&'',;( "*"6&''"*.@( 3>( *"*."3.( /( ."1a( 9."( 3>(
#-";/:&'3&(1"c&.(/0>"+3.@(+,:&2"(7,(#-&+&:0(#:"%,+3(*,1"<"("9,<,a(.,2(9."(
,-&,:( /"7+&A*./3;( "#-&+&:3.@( 60/,&.( '&:&<2"a( #-39&1( #-3>"+3.*;(
$*.,',/:3/,.@( -,7:39'0&( 7"'0( /:3;'3;F( N-31&-"1( 1"c&.( *:$c3.@(
3**:&+"/,'3&( `F( RF( !"'9&/"A( $*.,'"/3/b&A( 9&.0-&( 7"'0( 1"+3=32,?33(
#-3-"+'0>( .&--3."-3,:@( '0>( 2"1#:&2*"/( /( *=&-&( /"7+&A*./3;( <"-'"]
1&.,::$-<39&*2"<"(#-"(37/"+*./,(

S

F((

4:"c'"*.@(,',:37,(>"7;A*./&''"<"(/"7+&A*./3;(',(<&"*3*.&10(3(&<"($9&.,(

/( 2:,**3=32,?33( $*$<$6:;&.*;( .&1a( 9."( *"*.";'3&( <&"*3( *.&1( 7,/3*3.( '&(
.":@2"( ".( *"/-&1&''"<"( 3*#":@7"/,'3;a( '"( 3( ".( #-&c'3>a( 3*."-39&*23(
*1&';/b3>*;(="-1(>"7;A*./"/,'3;F(C-"1&(."<"a(*:&+$&.(31&.@(/(/3+$a(9."(/"(
1'"<3>( *:$9,;>( "+',( 3( .,( c&( .&--3."-3;( "+'"/-&1&''"( #"+/&-<,&.*;(
/"7+&A*./38( '&( "+'"<"a( ,( 1'"<3>( .&>'"<&''"],'.-"#"<&''0>( =,2."-"/(
M',#-31&-a(

:&*">"7;A*./&''"1$(

3(

-&2-&,?3"''"1$(

3*#":@7"/,'38a(

1&:3"-,?33(3(#-"10b:&''"1$(7,<-;7'&'38PF((

H7/&*.'0(

#"#0.23(

',A.3(

3'.&<-,:@'0A(

#"2,7,.&:@(

*.&#&'3(

>"7;A*./&''"<"( /"7+&A*./3;( ',( #-3-"+$F( g+',2"( /-;+( :3( .,2"A( &+3'0A(
#"2,7,.&:@( /"71"c&'F( Q&2"."-"&( *-,/'3.&:@'"&a( #-39&1( :3b@(

-$,"'55$'/

#-&+*.,/:&'3&( "6( 3'.&'*3/'"*.3( >"7;A*./&''"<"( /"7+&A*./3;( ',( :,'+b,=.0(
1"<$.( +,.@( .,23&( #"2,7,.&:3a( 2,2( #:".'"*.@( *&:@*2"<"( ',*&:&'3;( 3(
3*#":@7"/,'3&( 7&1&:@( X( +:;( ="'"/"<"( /"7+&A*./3;a( $-6,'373-"/,''"*.@( 3(
#:".'"*.@(<"-"+*2"<"(',*&:&'3;(+:;("9,<"/"<"F((

C,2($c&(#"+9&-23/,:"*@a(*3*.&1,.32,(:,'+b,=.'0>(1"+3=32,?3A(+":c',(

60.@( e#-3/;7,',f( 2

/

',$9'"A( 2:,**3=32,?33( #-3-"+'0>( :,'+b,=."/( M*1F(

<:,/$( IPF( !:;( -,7-,6".23( #"+-"6'"A( +3',139&*2"A( *3*.&10a( ">/,.0/,8%&A(
/*&( /"71"c'0&( .&>'"<&''0&( /,-3,'.0( #&-/39'0>( :,'+b,=."/a( #".-&6$8.*;(
+:3.&:@'0&( 3( 2-"#".:3/0&( 3**:&+"/,'3;F( m."60( 376&c,.@( -,7'"6";( #-3(
/0+&:&'33( -,7:39'0>( 1"+3=32,?3A( /( -,7'0>( .3#,>( 3( /3+,>( :,'+b,=."/a(
?&:&*""6-,7'"( #-3+&-c3/,.@*;( '&2"."-"A( &+3'"A( *>&10a( ".-,c,8%&A( *,10&(
$2-$#'&''0&( 2,9&*./&''0&( <-,+,?33( 371&'&''0>( :,'+b,=."/a( #-31&'310&(
#-,2.39&*23(2"(/*&1(2,.&<"-3;1(&*.&*./&''"A(:,'+b,=.'"A(2:,**3=32,?33F((

SF(

r,1$"5$/ 5'*:6'5'559'/ I3'%"$09#59'J/ 1(54G()#92/

2"."-0&( '&(

#"+/&-<:3*@(

'&#"*-&+*./&''"1$(

>"7;A*./&''"1$(

3*#":@7"/,'38(

3(

/"7+&A*./38i(1"c'"("6',-$c3.@(:3b@(*:,60&(*:&+0(2"*/&''"<"(/"7+&A*./3;(
M',#-31&-a( "*,c+&'3&( .&>'"<&''0>( /06-"*"/( 37( ,.1"*=&-0( /( `'.,-2.3+&a(
`-2.32&(3(/0*"2"<"-@;>(j,#,+'"A(h/-"#0PF((

M>/ D1(0$*:6'5'559'/ 1(54G()#92/

#"+/&-<,8%3&*;( #-&31$%&*./&''"(

d2*.&'*3/'"1$(>"7;A*./&''"1$(/"7+&A*./38(M">".,a(-06',;(

(

S

(41FJ(

U$5+'"(/

`F(RF(K,'+b,=.(/(7"'&(/"7+&A*./3;(#-"10b:&''"*.3F(OFa(SW^GF(4F(WUF(

(

VUG(

(

:"/:;a( /06"-"9',;( -$62,( :&*,Pa( 2"."-"&( 9,*.39'"( 7,.-"'$:"( :3b@( ".+&:@'0&(
e/."-39'0&f( 2"1#"'&'.0a( '"( "*'"/'0&( #-3-"+'0&( */;73( '&( ',-$b&'0( 3(
371&'&'3;( 31&8.( "6-,.310A( >,-,2.&-F( 48+,( 1"c'"( ".'&*.3( '&2"."-0&(
.$'+-"/0&a( .,&c'0&a( #$*.0''0&a( d/,."-3,:@'0&( :,'+b,=.0a( &%&( '&(
/"/:&9&''0&(/(,2.3/'0A(>"7;A*./&''0A("6"-".F((

VF(

E(%AG'559'/ I,*175$/ *:6'5'559'J/ 1(54G()#92/

2"."-0&( #"+/&-<:3*@(

3'.&'*3/'"1$( #-&+',1&-&''"1$( 3:3( '&#-&+',1&-&''"1$( /"7+&A*./38a(
7,.-"'$/b&1$(1'"<3&(2"1#"'&'.0a(9."(#-3/&:"(2(*$%&*./&''"1$(',-$b&'38(
*.-$2.$-0a(9,*."('&"6-,.31"1$(3('&6:,<"#-3;.'"1$(*(."923(7-&'3;(3'.&-&*"/(
"6%&*./,F( K,'+b,=.0( d."A( <-$##0( b3-"2"( -,*#-"*.-,'&'0( /( -,7'0>( 7"',>i(
+:;( '3>( .3#39'0( .,23&( #-"?&**0a( 2,2( "6&7:&*3/,'3&a( /."-39',;( d-"73;( 3(
+&=:;?3;a(*10/(#"9/a(7,*":&'3&a(7,<-;7'&'3&(/"+a(#"9/(3(,.1"*=&-0F((

UF(

iA17#A%59'/1(54G()#92/

/(2"."-0>(*.-$2.$-,(-,?3"',:@'"(371&'&',(3(

"#.31373-"/,',( ',( ',$9'"A( "*'"/&( /( 3'.&-&*,>( "6%&*./,F( H1&''"( .,231(
:,'+b,=.,1( +":c'"( #-3',+:&c,.@( 6$+$%&&a( 3( "'3( 7,*:$c3/,8.( "*"6"<"(
-,**1".-&'3;F(

(

`=(3&="*2R'()*$+),&

(

C-3.&-33( 2$:@.$-'"<"( :,'+b,=.,( "#-&+&:;8.*;( "6%&*./&''013(

#".-&6'"*.;13F(h1$(+":c'0(60.@(#-3*$%3(+/,(<:,/'0>(2,9&*./,J(SP(/0*"2,;(
#-"37/"+3.&:@'"*.@( 3( d2"'"139&*2,;( d==&2.3/'"*.@( 3( DP( "#.31,:@',;( *-&+,(
+:;( c37'3( :8+&Aa( *#"*"6*./$8%,;( *">-,'&'38( 7+"-"/@;a( =3739&*2"1$( 3(
+$>"/'"1$( -,7/3.38( 9&:"/&2,F( !"( *3>( #"-( d.3( +/,( 2,9&*./,( -&+2"(
*"/1&%,:3*@J( /-&1&''0A( d2"'"139&*23A( d==&2.( 9,*."( +"*.3<,:*;( ?&'"A(
$>$+b&'3;( c37'&''"A( *-&+0( 9&:"/&2,a( 9."( 3( .3#39'"( +:;( ',-$b&''0>(
:,'+b,=."/F( g+',2"( #-3( +":c'"1( ',$9'"1( #"+>"+&( d2"'"139&*23&a(
d2":"<39&*23&a( ,( .,2c&( 2$:@.$-'"]d*.&.39&*23&( 3'.&-&*0( '&( #-".3/"-&9,.(
+-$<(+-$<$F((

g+'"(37("*'"/'0>($*:"/3A(#-3(="-13-"/,'33(2$:@.$-'"<"(:,'+b,=.,(X(

+"*.3c&'3&( 1,2*31,:@'"A( #-"37/"+3.&:@'"*.3( /"7"6'"/310>( #-3-"+'0>(
-&*$-*"/a(3(#-&c+&(/*&<"(63":"<39&*23>F(N"131"(6&**#"-'"<"(>"7;A*./&''"<"(
d==&2.,( d."( "+'"/-&1&''"( #"7/":3.( $:$9b3.@( *,'3.,-'"]<3<3&'39&*23&(
$*:"/3;( 3( d*.&.39&*23&( 2,9&*./,( *-&+0F( !,:&&a( d==&2.3/'"&( 3*#":@7"/,'3&(
/"7"6'"/310>a('&3*9&-#,&10>(3(e93*.0>f('&(7,<-;7';8%3>(*-&+$(3*."9'32"/(
d'&-<33(M*":'&9'"Aa(<&".&-139&*2"Aa(/&.-"/"A(3(+-FP(#"7/":3.("+'"/-&1&''"(
*"2-,.3.@( -,*."93.&:@'$8( .-,.$( '&/"7"6'"/310>( 2,$*."63":3."/( 3(
3*2:893.@( .&>'"<&''"&( 7,<-;7'&'3&( *-&+0( #-"+$2.,13( *<"-,'3;( ."#:3/,F( R(
2$:@.$-'"1( :,'+b,=.&( +":c'0( 60.@( #"( /"71"c'"*.3( #-&+"./-,%&'0(
'&c&:,.&:@'0&(#-"?&**0(2,2(#-3-"+'"<"a(.,2(3(.&>'"<&''"<"(#-"3*>"c+&'3;(
M*10/( #"9/0a( d-"73;a( 7,6":,93/,'3&a( ',/"+'&'3;a( "61&:&'3&( -&2a( *&:3a(
7,<-;7'&'3&( /"+0a( /"7+$>,a( #"9/( 3( .F( #FPF( k."( 6$+&.( *"+&A*./"/,.@( 3(
*6&-&c&'38( #-3-"+'0>( -&*$-*"/a( 3( $:$9b&'38( 2,9&*./,( c37'&''"A( *-&+0F(
R*&( d.3( 1&-"#-3;.3;( '&-,7-0/'"( */;7,'0( *( -,?3"',:@'01( 3*#":@7"/,'3&1(
/*&>(/3+"/((

VUW(

(

#-3-"+'0>( -&*$-*"/a( 9."a( /( */"8( "9&-&+@a( $#3-,&.*;( /( *"/&-b&'*./"/,'3&(

.&>'":"<33( #-"37/"+*./,F( N"*:&+';;( 7,+,9,a( -,7$1&&.*;a( '&( ".'"*3.*;( 2(
<&"<-,=33a( '"( $( <&"<-,=,]:,'+b,=."/&+,( &*.@( */"3( "./&.*./&''0&( 7,+,93( X(
31&''"( ',( &<"( "6;7,''"*.3( :&c3.( -,7-,6".2,( "6%&A( ',$9'"A( *.-,.&<33(
#-"&2.3-"/,'3;(2$:@.$-'"<"(:,'+b,=.,F((

l":@2"( :,'+b,=."/&+( 1"c&.( -,7"6-,.@*;( /( 1'"<""6-,733( ."<"(

e1,.&-3,:,fa( .F( &F( .&>( *"/-&1&''0>( :,'+b,=."/a( 2"."-0&( #"+:&c,.(
"2$:@.$-3/,'38a( 3a( "#3-,;*@( ',( "*'"/,.&:@'0&( 7','3;( *.-$2.$-0(3( =$'2?3A(
2,c+"<"( 2"'2-&.'"<"( :,'+b,=.,a( /06-,.@( .,2"A( /,-3,'.( &<"( "#.3137,?33a(
2"."-0A( ',36":&&( *""./&.*./$&.( e#:,'$( #-3-"+0f( 3( +,&.( ',36":&&(
$*."A93/0&(-&7$:@.,.0F((

Q&2"."-0&(*#&?3,:3*.0(#-&+*.,/:;8.(*&6&(6$+$%$8(*-&+$(9&:"/&9&*./,(/(

/3+&( '&2"&A( #-3-"+'"].&>'39&*2"A( *3*.&10a( ',*0%&''"A( .&>'39&*2313(
$*.-"A*./,13a( /( 2"."-"A( #-3-"+'0&( d:&1&'.0( 6$+$.( *">-,'&'0( :3b@(
9,*.39'"

S

a( 3:3( /( /3+&( e*#:"b'"<"( <"-"+,( '&"609'"A( 7,*.-"A23f

D

F( g+',2"(

+-$<3&(<&"<-,=0(+"2,70/,8.a(9."(3(/(:,'+b,=.,>a($*3:&''"(d2*#:$,.3-$&10>(
9&:"/&2"1a(#-3-"+,(+":c',($+&-c3/,.@(*/"3(#-,/,a(9."(',b&A(?&:@8(+":c'"(
60.@( *"7+,'3&( 2$:@.$-'"<"( :,'+b,=.,a( /( "*'"/&( 2"."-"<"( :&c3.(
e-,?3"',:@'"&(

3*#":@7"/,'3&(

9&:"/&2"1(

7,2:89&''0>(

/(

#-3-"+&(

#".&'?3,:@'0>(*3:a(,('&(-,7-$b&'3&(3:3($<'&.&'3&(#-3-"+0f(

V

F((

RF(BF(4"9,/,(/0+/3'$:(#-3'?3#(

,$#"$%+',#"(/,/3%*%$4$.2/

#"+(2"."-01("'(

#"'31,:( e-,7/3.3&( #".&'?3,:@'0>( *3:( #-3-"+0a( ,2.3/37,?38( #-3-"+'0>(
#-"?&**"/a($/&:39&'3&(#-"+$2.3/'"*.3(<&"*3*.&1FFFf(

U

F((

!&A*./$;( /( *"87&( *( #-3-"+"Aa( 1"c'"( +"63.@*;( 6":@b3>( $*#&>"/a( '&c&:3(

#0.,;*@( e#"2"-3.@f( &&F( 5,7$1&&.*;a( '&( /*&<+,( &*.&*./&''0&( .&'+&'?33a(
#-3*$%3&(

:,'+b,=.,1a(

"./&9,8.(

3'.&-&*,1(

"6%&*./,(

M',#-31&-a(

#-"<-&**3-$8%&&( 7,6":,93/,'3&( 3:3( 7,*":&'3&Pa( #"d."1$( /( -;+&( *:$9,&/(
#-3+&.*;( 7,/&+"1"( ',-$b3.@( *:"c3/b&&*;( -,/'"/&*3&( 3( 3*2$**./&''"(
#"++&-c3/,.@( '"/0&( 1"+3=32,?33F( Q"( d."( '&( ;/:;&.*;( #-,/3:"1F( Q,+"(
7,1&.3.@a( 9."( 10( /"/*&( '&( +":c'0( *.-&13.@*;( 2( #-&/-,%&'38( /*&>(
:,'+b,=."/( /( 2$:@.$-'0&F( l,2a( 6":@b3'*./"( .,&c'0>( :,'+b,=."/( /(
',*.";%&&( /-&1;( /0#":';8.( /,c'0&( =$'2?33( #"*.,/%32"/( */"6"+'"<"(
23*:"-"+,a( -&<$:;."-"/( /"+'"<"( -&c31,a( ,( .,2c&( e2:,+"/0>f( +-&/&*3'0( 3(
+-$<3>(-&*$-*"/(+:;(6$+$%3>(#"2":&'3AF(N"d."1$a(#"(1'&'38(RF(BF(4"9,/0a(
7',93.&:@'$8( 3>( 9,*.@( ?&:&*""6-,7'"("*.,/3.@( /(*#"'.,''"1( *"*.";'33a( "'3(
#"+:&c,.($>"+$a('"('&(#-&"6-,7"/,'38F((

5,7:39,8.(.-3(<:,/'0>(',#-,/:&'3;("#.3137,?33(:,'+b,=."/J(

(

S

(41FJ(

W'%(,*6$"/^>/F>/

N-&"6-,7"/,'3&(#-3-"+0(3(-,7/3.3&(<&"<-,=39&*2"A(',$23(/(4445F(OFa(SWE^F(4F(WUF((

D

(O,:@2"/(LF(

E>/

K,'+b,=.',;(*=&-,(j&1:3F(OFa(SW^TF(4F(SGUF(

V

/N(AH%/

-^Fa(

V(.5*+-'/q>/

j,6".,("(:,'+b,=.&(3(">-,',(#-3-"+0F(OFa(SW^SF(4F(DST(X(DSSF((

U

(

D$+("(/V>/N>/

R/&+&'3&(/($9&'3&("(<&"*3*.&1,>F(Q"/"*363-*2a(SW^GF(4F(DIUF((

(
VIT(

(