Файл: The most outstanding British writers and poets.pdf

Introduction

 It is difficult to imagine world literature without the works of some writers and poets.  For example, Russian literature will please our children and grandchildren for a long time thanks to such famous and talented authors as Alexander Pushkin or Evgeny Turgenev.  Their works have been translated into many languages, they are remembered and admired.

 But not only Russian writers made a huge contribution to the development of fiction throughout the world.  Talented playwrights, poets, satirists were born in England.  Their works are still read all over the world, make films and plays.  Today it’s a shame not to know names like Daniel Defoe, William Shakespeare or Agatha Christie.

 Not a single country in the world had so many brilliant writers.  English classics are famous all over the world.  It is being republished in huge print runs, and it is still in great demand.

 Today, many schools no longer study such a subject as foreign literature.  The younger generation, as a rule, learns about some famous English writers and their fascinating works from textbooks in English classes and thanks to modern cinema.  However, anyone who studies English needs to know which English writers are classics of foreign literature.  Thanks to this knowledge, one can broaden the general horizons and replenish the vocabulary by reading the works in the original.

1. English writers of world fame

  1.1 About the most famous

 Even those who are not particularly keen on reading literature, had to hear the names of English writers who have gained world fame.  We are talking about Shakespeare, Kipling, Byron, Conan Doyle and others.  We will briefly talk about the authors whose works are worthy of everyone’s attention.

 William Shakespeare (William Shakespeare) - English playwright, poet, and actor.  He is the author of about 17 comedies, 10 chronicles, 11 tragedies, 5 poems and a sonnet cycle consisting of 154 poems.  Shakespeare is considered one of the best playwrights in the world.  The most famous works: “Romeo and Juliet”, “Hamlet”, “King Lear”, “Othello”, “Macbeth” and others. The writer's years of life - 1564−1616.

 Rudyard Kipling (Sir Joseph Rudyard Kipling) - English poet, writer, and novelist, who lived in the period from 1865 to 1936.  In the history of world literature, he is known as the creator of short stories and fairy tales for children, many of which were filmed.  Rudyard Kipling became not only the youngest Nobel Prize winner in literature, but also the first Englishman to receive this award.  The most famous works: “The Jungle Book”, “Ricky-Tiki-Tavi”, “Kim”, “Hunting Kaa” and others. Children's stories: “Baby Elephant”, “How the first letter was written”, “The cat that walked around  themselves, "" Why does a rhino have skin in folds ", etc.

 Oscar Wilde (Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde) is an outstanding Irish poet, playwright, writer and essayist.  One of the most famous playwrights of the late Victorian period and a key figure in the development of aestheticism and European modernism.  The most famous work is the novel "Portrait of Dorian Gray" (1890).  The years of the life of the writer - 1854−1900.

 George Byron (George Gordon Byron) - English romantic poet, who in the period from 1788 to 1824 was a symbol of romanticism and political liberalism in Europe in the 19th century.  In life, he was usually called "Lord Byron."  Thanks to him, terms such as the “Byronic” hero appeared in the literature and byronism.  The creative heritage left by the poet is represented by the poem “Pilgrimage of Childe Harold” (1812), the novel “Don Juan”, the poems “Giaur” and “Corsair” and others.

 Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle) - English writer (although by training a doctor).  He is the author of an uncountable number of short stories and stories that are an adventure, historical, journalistic, fantastic and humorous in nature.  The most popular detective stories about Sherlock Holmes, science fiction about Professor Challenger, as well as a number of historical novels.  Conan Doyle also owns plays and poems.  The creative heritage is represented by such works as The White Squad, The Lost World, The Hound of the Baskervilles, and others. The writer's years of life are 1859–1930.

 Daniel Defoe is an English writer and publicist who has written about 500 books, magazines and pamphlets on various topics.  He is one of the founders of the European realistic novel.  In 1719, Daniel Defoe saw the light of the first and best novel in the entire creative life of the writer, entitled "Robinson Crusoe."  Famous works also include Captain Singleton, The History of Colonel Jack, Moth Flanders, Roxanne (1724), and others.

 1.2 Who wrote for the children

 Not all famous English writers were passionate about extremely serious life topics.  Some great authors devoted part of their work to the younger generation, writing fairy tales and stories for children.  Who has not heard of Alice, who has been in Wonderland or Mowgli, a boy who grew up in the jungle?

  The biography of writer Lewis Carroll, whose real name is Charles Lutwich Dodgson, is no less interesting than his book Alice in Wonderland.  He grew up in a large family with 11 children.  The boy was very fond of drawing and always dreamed of becoming an artist.  This writer told us the story of the restless heroine Alice and her endless journeys into a wonderful magical world, where she meets many interesting characters: a Cheshire cat, and the mad hatter, and the queen of cards.

  Rold Dahl is from Wales.  The author spent most of his childhood in boarding houses.  One of these guest houses was located near the famous chocolate factory Cadbury.  It is assumed that the idea to write his best children's story called “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory” came to him precisely during this period.  The hero of the story is a boy named Charlie, who receives one of five tickets, allowing him to get to the closed chocolate factory.  Charlie along with 4 other participants goes through all the tasks in the factory and remains the winner.  Rudyard Kipling is known for his “The Jungle Book,” which tells of the boy Mowgli, raised among animals in wild forests.  Most likely this story was written under the impression of his own childhood.  The fact is, after the birth of the first 5 years of his life, the writer lived in India.

  Joanne Rowling (Joanne Rowling) - the most famous writer, "storyteller" of our time.  It was she who gave us such a character as Harry Potter.  The story of the wizard boy Harry, who goes to Hogwarts school, Joan composed for his children.  This allowed them to plunge into the world of magic and magic and forget for a while about the poverty in which the family lived at that time.  The book is full of entertaining adventures.

 Joan Delano Aiken became a writer because her family wrote everything from father to sister.  However, Joan was engaged in children's literature.

Her most famous work was the story "A piece of heaven in a pie."  Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson coined the pirate captain Flint in his famous Treasure Island story.  Hundreds of boys watched the adventures of this hero.  Robert himself is a native of cold Scotland, an engineer, and a lawyer by training.  The first book was published when the author was only 16 years old; he borrowed money for publication from his father.  The story about the treasure island was invented by him much later during the games with his son, during which they together drew a treasure map and came up with stories.  John Ronald Reuel Tolkien is the author of science fiction and breathtaking The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings stories.  John is a teacher by education.  As a child, the writer learned to read early, and often did this throughout his life.  As John himself admits, he fiercely hated the story “Treasure Island”, but was crazy about “Alice in Wonderland”.  The writer himself, after his stories, became the founder of the fantasy genre; it is no coincidence that he was nicknamed the "father of fantasy."

 Pamela Travers (Pamela Lyndon Travers), whose real name was Helen, was born in distant Australia.  At the age of 8, she moved to live with her mother in Wales.  As a child, Pamela was very fond of animals, she always imagined herself to be a bird.  Once the writer was asked to sit with two small and restless kids.  Playing with them, she began to invent a story about a nanny who carried with her a briefcase with things and an umbrella with a handle in the shape of a parrot.  So soon the famous nanny Merry Poppins was introduced to the world.