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trade and foreign investment, both of which are
signs or manifestations of what the experts call
globalization
. There are also cultural aspects of
the globalization process – such as the
increasing use of English and the appearance of
similar (often American) products in different
parts of the world. Mark Gregory again:
M:
The
manifestations
include
global
companies, the names that everybody’s heard
of - Sony, Microsoft, IBM – and also the fact
that you’ve got common brands that are on sale
in many different parts of the world; you’ve got
global financial institutions: the IMF, The
World Bank and so forth; you have global
financial markets.
P: But if there are winners, are there loser as
well?
M: Of course, a lot of people would say that
these impacts have not only been positive,
some have been negative and that the process
of globalization is a process in which, if you
like, some countries win and others lose.
P: One manifestation of globalization is the
spread of similar products around the world.
These include well-known brands such as
Coca-Cola and Nike … and – with a slogan
“One World: One Taste” – the American fast-
food chain McDonald’s. There are 30,000
restaurants in more than 120 countries and
McDonald’s has become a symbol of the
American way of life. But it seems that food
tastes in the US are maybe beginning to
change: research shows that people are eating
fewer burgers and hot dogs and trying to eat
healthier food.
Track 17
1
First, we want to deliver a magical experience,
an electrifying atmosphere for competitors and
spectators. Our aim is to inspire young people
in Britain and across the world to play sport.
We will do whatever we can to inspire children
to choose sport, wherever they live, whatever
they do, whatever they believe. These will be a
memorable Games. A Games that will inspire
young people to believe in the Olympic ideal.
2
And that magic begins with the venues. We’ll
use existing world-class venues, spectacular
city centre locations, and most importantly,
we’ll create an Olympic park which is just
seven minutes from the centre of London. In
the Olympic park there’ll be a magnificent
80,000 seat Olympic stadium and a fantastic
aquatic centre for the swimming events. Half of
the venues will be only five minutes from the
athletes’ accommodation and only ten per cent
will be more than twenty minutes away.
3
The Olympic park will contain the Olympic
village; we’ll put athletes at the heart of the
games. There’ll be 8,000 double rooms and this
accommodation will be modern, spacious and
comfortable. Athletes will be just a short walk
from the main stadium. They’ll be at the centre
of the Olympic experience.
4
The Olympic park will be only seven minutes
from Central London by train via a new high-
speed train service. Nine other railway and
underground lines will form the basis of a
comprehensive public transport system serving
every venue. A special Olympic bus service
will provide quick and easy journeys between
venues. Finally, we’ll give free public transport
to all athletes, officials and spectators.
Track 18
См. Track 17
Track 19
Presenter, Bradana
P: Now, for our ‘Language now’ slot. My guest
today is Bradana MacKinnon, spokesperson for
the Society for the Promotion of Gaelic. Thank
you for being on our radio programme today
and, indeed, on our series on different
languages.
B: Thank you. It’s a pleasure to be here.
P: Bradana, I’d like to begin with your name.
It’s quite unusual. Is it a Celtic word?
B: Yes, it is, and it’s not common. It’s a Gaelic
word meaning ‘salmon’. Just a small point here
– Celtic usually refers to the culture; Gaelic is
the language.
P: Thank you, Bradana, I’ll remember that. If
you don’t mind, I’ll get straight to the point.
Should we fight to keep a dying language alive,
even if few people will ever use it or hear it?
B: Mmm, that is something to consider, I
suppose, but I’m not sure it’s a relevant
question here. It’s true that in the last 100 years
or so, the number of Gaelic-only speakers in
Scotland, and I mean people speaking just
Gaelic and no English, well, that number has
fallen from nearly 44, 000 to zero. And yes …
Gaelic has declined throughout the 20
th
century.
123
But it’s also true to say that since the 1970s
there has been a revival in the Celtic culture
and Gaelic language.
P: I see. So where do you find that revival – in
schools?
B: Yes, definitely in schools, and that’s
important. If we have Gaelic-medium education
at all levels, more people will speak Gaelic.
There has been a huge increase in the number
of young children being educated in Gaelic in
primary schools … and nurseries. So, if Gaelic
is a dying language, then why are more and
more Gaelic schools starting in Scotland?
P: Good point, but if it’s only schools …
B: Yes, I agree. We need more. If we have
more TV and radio programmes in Gaelic,
more people may listen to the language. Also, if
the economy in the Gaelic-speaking heartland
improves, then Gaelic will not die out. Opinion
polls show that people are more confident in
the Gaelic-speaking communities – they feel
that the economy is improving. If young people
return to live and work in those communities
after university, then things will improve.
P: Well, that all sounds very promising. So,
what is the Society for the Promotion of Gaelic
doing now?
B: Oh, we have lots going on. Unless we all
continue to promote Gaelic, there might not be
a significant increase in speakers of Gaelic.
But, to answer your question … at the moment
we’re trying to raise our profile, and we have a
new fund-raising campaign. When we reach our
targets, we’ll invest in more Gaelic books in
public libraries. And as soon as we get more
Gaelic speakers involved, we’ll run more
Gaelic language classes. But unless we recruit
and train more Gaelic-medium teachers, we
won’t make a big difference in schools.
Basically our fund- raising supports all of that.
P: To go back to my first question, Bradana,
why should we fight to keep Gaelic alive?
B: Well, I believe that every language provides
us with knowledge about human thinking and
behaviour. And every language, like every
species of animal, is unique and worth
protecting. When we lose a language, we lose a
lot of knowledge.
B: Bradana MacKinnon, thank you very much.
Track 20
Andy, Cassie, Li
A: Right then, does anyone have any ideas for
the last few spaces? Cassie?
C: Well, what about having a music show on
Friday evening? There aren’t any other music
shows in the festival. Is that OK, Li?
L: Yes, I think that’s a good idea. Let’s have
traditional music and modern music. I know a
Malaysian pop band – and that traditional
Cambodian group wants to come again.
A: Excellent. And let’s have the dance
workshop on Saturday afternoon. What do you
think?
L: Erm, … I’m not sure, Andy.
C: Yeah, … I don’t agree with you.
A: You don’t? Why not?
C: Well, Andy, the traditional boat races are
very popular, and the dance workshops need a
lot of people. I’d like to have the dance
workshop in the morning, and I’d like to have
the international food market in the afternoon.
People often go to the market during the races
and before the barbecue.
A: OK. I agree. What about Saturday evening?
What would you like to have then, Li?
L: Why don’t we have a drum concert then?
The Burmese drum circles are very exciting.
A: Great idea, Li. That way people either watch
a film or watch the drum concert, if they don’t
come to the barbecue, of course.
L: Fantastic. Right, that’s all then. Let’s go and
get something to eat.
A: Great. I’m starving. Let’s go for a burger.
C: A burger? Huh, OK.
Track 21
C: I’d like to have the dance workshop in the
morning, and I’d like to have the international
food market in the afternoon. People often go to
the market during the races and before the
barbecue.
A: OK. I agree.
L: Fantastic. Right, that’s all then. Let’s go and
get something to eat.
A: Great. I’m starving. Let’s go for a burger.
C: A burger? Huh, OK.
Track 22
a)
OK
b)
OK
Track 23
1.
Yes, …
2.
Excellent.
3.
OK. I agree.
4.
Great idea, Li.
5.
Fantastic.
124
6.
Great.
Track 24
Presenter, Jenny, Carl
P: Our theme on
Culture Corner
this week is
parties
and we have a couple of teenagers from
Britain in the studio: Jenny and Carl. Thank
you for coming.
J: You’re welcome.
C: Thanks for inviting us.
P: So, could you, perhaps, give some advice to
our listeners about what to do and what not to
do at parties in the UK?
J: Well, obviously, it depends on what kind of
party it is. You know, if it’s very formal you
should dress smartly.
C: Yes, but nowadays for most parties you
don’t have to be too formal. I mean I never put
a tie on, except at weddings maybe.
J: Right.
P: Are there any special things you should do
when you are invited to someone’s house?
J: Again, it depends. It’s not a good idea to
arrive late for a dinner party: the dinner could
be ruined. You should get there more or less on
time. But don’t get there too early because they
won’t be ready.
C: And it’s a good idea to take something with
you, maybe a bottle of wine or a box of
chocolates.
J: Yeah, or flowers maybe. And you should
always thank your host when you leave.
P: What about the sort of parties teenagers like
yourselves go to?
J: Oh, er … well, they are not so formal. We
just get together with friends to chat, dance and
play music.
C: Yeah, we don’t really have any rules, you
don’t really have to dress up and you can turn
up when you want.
J: That’s true, but not too late ‘cause you’ll
miss the fun.
C: But …er … you shouldn’t drink too much at
parties.
J: No, and you shouldn’t accept a lift home
from a person you don’t know.
C: Yeah, that’s important. And never get in a
car with someone who’s drunk alcohol.
P: What about the stories you sometimes hear
…
Track 25
См. U9 ex4g
Track 26
Kate, Jackie, Carry
K: Hello, I’m Kate Colin and this is 6 minute
English. Today I'm joined by
Jackie Dalton. Hi, Jackie.
J: Hi, Kate
K: As you may know, yesterday, April 1st was
April Fool's Day!
J: Well, to be honest, I completely forgot …
until I was caught out that is…
K: Oh, no – what happened?
J: Well, my flat mate changed my clock so I
ended up getting up a whole hour
earlier than I needed to. And I only realized just
before I was about to leave the
house and I heard the time on the radio. I felt
quite silly!
K: Well, April Fool's Day is the one day of
the year when we are all allowed to have some
fun and play a few jokes on our
friends and colleagues. Newspapers, radio
stations and even large companies
have their share of fun as well. But before we
go any further, here' s my
question for this week…
J: OK.
K: In the UK on April Fool's Day, we are
traditionally allowed to play jokes on
people until what time. Is it:
a) midnight
b) midday
c) 4 o'clock
J: I’m almost certain it’s midday.
K: OK, we'll see if you answered correctly at
the end of the programme. Next we're going to
hear from our colleague Carrie as she tells us
what usually happens on April Fool's Day. See
if you can hear how she describes the jokes that
are played on people.
C: It's usually people playing practical jokes on
other people. So if somebody makes somebody
else look rather silly, by telling them something
that isn't true, by playing a practical joke
on them.
J: She calls the jokes 'practical jokes' and these
are when you play a trick on
someone or do something to make them look
silly. So the joke my flat mate played
on me was an excellent example of a 'practical
joke'. I'll get her back next year
though!
K: Another expression which has a similar
meaning to 'practical joke' is 'hoax'. A
125
hoax is when people are deceived into thinking
something false and it's usually on
a larger scale than a practical joke, involving
many people. A 'media hoax' is
when people in charge of the media (TV, radio
or newspapers and online) play
a trick on their audience. Yes, and it can be
easy to be 'taken in' by these kind of stories.
'Taken in by' is a phrasal verb we use when we
believe something that isn't true. Another way
of
describing someone who is easily taken in by
things is to say they are 'gullible'. A
'gullible' person will believe most things you
tell them, no matter how unlikely
they are to be true.
J: And the BBC have been quite naughty
pranksters in the past. A prankster is
someone who plays tricks or pranks on
someone else. And in 1965, the BBC told
the public that they were broadcasting smells
through the airwaves so that if they
sniffed their radios they would be able to get
smells sent over from the BBC.
Many viewers actually contacted the BBC to
say that they could indeed smell
things coming through their radio.
K: I bet they felt very silly after they realized it
was just an April Fool. It's amazing what some
people will believe….
126
Использованная литература
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Pearson Education Limited, 2008. - 160 p.
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Kent S., Falvey D., Rees G. , Lebeau Ian, Cotton D. Language Leader
Pre-intermediate / S. Kent, D. Falvey, G. Rees, Ian Lebeau, D. Cotton. -
Pearson Education Limited, 2008. - 168 p.
3.
Harris M., Mower D., Sikorzynska A., Larionova I., Melchina O.,
Solokova I. New Opportunities. Russian Edition. Elementary / M. Harris,
D. Mower, A. Sikorzynska, I. Larionova, O. Melchina, I. Solokova. -
Pearson Education Limited, 2008. - 144 p.
4.
Harris M., Mower D., Sikorzynska A. New Opportunities. Russian
Edition. Pre-intermediate / M. Harris, D. Mower, A. Sikorzynska. -
Pearson Education Limited, 2008. - 150 p.
5.
Gude K., Duckworth M. Matrix Pre-intermediate / K. Gude, M.
Duckworth. – Oxford, 2008. – 152 p.
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