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www.fh-joanneum.at
MANAGEMENT
Economic and Monetary Union
Prof. Vito Bobek
University of Apllied Sciences FH Joanneum
Applied Summer School
Business in Europe
www.fh-joanneum.at
MANAGEMENT
THE
EURO
•
The euro – Europe's new single
currency - represents the
consolidation and culmination of
European economic integration.
•
Its introduction on January 1, 1999,
marked the final phase of Economic
and Monetary Union (EMU), a three-
stage process that was launched in
1990 as EU member states prepared
for the 1992 single market.
www.fh-joanneum.at
MANAGEMENT
The EURO
Early 1990’s
•
1990: Aimed at boosting cross-border
business activity, the first stage of EMU lifted
restrictions on movements of capital across
internal EU borders.
•
1994: The European Monetary Institute was
established in Frankfurt to pave the way for
the European Central Bank.
•
1999: the Euro was introduced as the single
currency for eleven EU member states:
Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany,
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
Portugal, and Spain.
www.fh-joanneum.at
MANAGEMENT
The EURO
1999-Present
•
1999-2002: The Euro and the previous
national currencies were concurrently
used in participating states.
•
2002: The participating countries had
their previous national currencies
withdrawn permanently as legal tender.
•
EU member states not yet using the Euro
as currency: Denmark, Sweden, United
Kingdom + 7 new member countries
(2004 and 2007)
www.fh-joanneum.at
MANAGEMENT
Timeline for European monetary integration
0
11
1970
1980
1990
2000
year
e
v
e
n
t
Werner
Plan
EMS starts
Delors Committee
Maastricht treaty
Maastricht ratified
EMI (precursor ECB)
Stability and growth pact
Decision on members, conversion rates, creation ECB
EMU starts
Greece joins
Euro coins and notes