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МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение
высшего образования
«САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
АЭРОКОСМИЧЕСКОГО ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ»
КАФЕДРА № 63
ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЬ
старший преподаватель М.Н.Павлова
должность, уч. степень, звание подпись, дата инициалы, фамилия
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №2
Вариант №1
по дисциплине: Иностранный язык
ОТЧЁТ ВЫПОЛНИЛ
СТУДЕНТ ГР. Z1221
20.11.2022 Леонтьев В.А. подпись, дата инициалы, фамилия
Санкт-Петербург 2022г.
1.Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое, определите его время, вид и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Например: is based – Pr. Simple Passive
1. Despite the apparent properties of compound semiconductors, their general use has not been great because of several limitations. – Несмотря на очевидные свойства составных полупроводников, их общее применение было невелико из-за ряда ограничений.
has not been – Pr. Perfect Active
2. The potential difference across the junction had been increased. – Разность потенциалов на стыке была увеличена.
had been increased – Past Perfect Passive
3. Magnetic amplifiers have been employed for some 50 years; transistors were reported upon in 1948. – Магнитные усилители используются уже около 50 лет; о транзисторах было сообщено в 1948 году.
have been employed – Pr. Perfect Passive
were reported – Past Simple Passive
4. Sometimes a decision to compute is followed by a process of selecting the particular kind of computing machine, which best suits for the given problem. – Иногда за решением о вычислении следует процесс выбора конкретного типа вычислительной машины, которая наилучшим образом подходит для данной задачи.
is followed by – Pr. Simple Passive
suits – Pr. Simple Active
5. Our rockets, the first in the world, were being sent to other planets. – Наши ракеты, первые в мире, отправлялись на другие планеты.
were being sent – Past Continuous Passive
6. This problem must be approached from another point of view. – К этой проблеме следует подойти с другой точки зрения.
must be approached – Pr. Simple Passive
7. This job cannot be done for a short period, you need at least a month. – Эта работа не может быть выполнена за короткий период, вам нужен как минимум месяц.
cannot be done – Pr. Simple Passive
need – Pr. Simple Active
8. It is 20 years since he left home, and he has never been heard of since. – Прошло 20 лет с тех пор, как он покинул дом, и с тех пор о нем никто не слышал.
is – Pr. Simple Active
left – Past Simple Active
has never been heard – Pr. Perfect Passive
9. Tell him he is being waited for. – Скажите ему, что его ждут.
is being waited for – Pr. Continuous Passive
10. L. Carroll is remembered not as a mathematician but as the author of Alice in Wonderland. – Л. Кэрролла помнят не как математика, а как автора «Алисы в стране чудес».
is remembered as – Pr. SimplePassive
2.Поставьте глагол-сказуемое в следующих предложениях в страдательном залоге, стараясь сохранить время.
1.? built these houses about 25 years ago. – These houses were built about 25 years ago.
2.? must keep the sick child warm. – The sick child must be kept warm.
3.? has translated Shakespeare's plays into many languages. – Shakespeare's plays has been translated into many languages.
4.? will open the new University next October. – The new University will be open next October.
3. Из данных слов постройте предложения. Глаголы в скобках поставьте в нужную форму страдательного залога.
1. will be (to teach) – Mr Green – this class – next year.
This class will be taught by Mr Green next year.
2. this film – at least a million people – has been (to see).
This film has been seen by at least a million people
3. prefer – men – to be (to teach) - most boys.
Most boys prefer to be taught by men.
4. was (to head) - the Minister of Foreign Affairs – the delegation - by.
The delegation was headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
5. Oxford – he – at – was (to educate).
He was educated at Oxford.
4. Трансформируйте предложения в активный залог, используя слова they, we, somebody в качестве подлежащего, где это необходимо.
1. Food is eaten with chopsticks in China. – They eat food with chopsticks in China.
2. It was decided to refer the problem to a committee. – We decided to refer the problem to a committee.
3. When much material had been looked through and some problems had been solved, the article was published. – They published the article when much material had been looked through and some problems had been solved.
4. Electric cars will be widely used in future. – We will widely use electric cars in future.
5. The radar has been used for automatic control of ground transport. – We have used the radar for automatic control of ground transport.
5. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов to do, to be, to have.
1.You have to come to the language laboratory as often as possible. – Вы должны приходить в языковую лабораторию как можно чаще.
2. This material does not possess elastic properties. – Этот материал не обладает эластичными свойствами.
3. The exam was to start in the morning. – Экзамен должен был начаться утром.
4. These computers will have to perform millions of operations. – Этим компьютерам придется выполнять миллионы операций.
5. The speed of electrons is almost the same as that of light. – Скорость электронов почти такая же, как у света.
6. The kind of electrolyte used has no effect on the electromotive force. – Тип используемого электролита не влияет на электродвижущую силу.
7. Man has made numerous inventions to increase the range of radio and TV transmissions. – Человек сделал множество изобретений для увеличения диапазона радио- и телепередач.
8. Our task is to buy all their equipment. – Наша задача - купить все их оборудование.
9. What kinds of operations does the modern computer perform? – Какие операции выполняет современный компьютер?
10. Don't do it! – Не делай этого!
6. Трансформируйте следующие предложения в придаточные дополнительные, начав с фраз I knew, I thought, He said. Измените время глаголов-сказуемых в придаточных дополнительных в соответствии с правилами согласования времен. Произведите другие необходимые преобразования.
1. My friend was born in Moscow, and since that time he has been living there. – I knew my friend was born in Moscow, and since that time he had been living there.
2. The goods that have been exported from Sweden are of high quality. – I thought the goods that had been exported from Sweden were of high quality.
3. The books you need are in great demand everywhere. – He said that the books you need were in great demand everywhere.
4. The letter of congratulation was sent in advance, and they certainly have got it. – I thought the letter of congratulation was sent in advance, and they certainly had got it.
5. Various registers are interconnected. – I knew various registers were interconnected.
6. Each storage location in the storage section is numbered, like post-office boxes. – He said that each storage location in the storage section was numbered, like post-office boxes
7. We must get the samples. I admit the complexity of this. –
8. Franklin didn’t know what electricity was, but he knew it could be passed through a metal wire. – He said Franklin didn’t know what electricity was, but he knew it could be passed through a metal wire.
9. A high level language is a language in which each instruction or statement corresponds to several machine code instructions. – I knew a high level language was a language in which each instruction or statement corresponds to several machine code instructions.
10.The printers are used only as output units. – I thought the printers are used only as output units.
7. Перепишите следующий диалог с целью передачи чужих высказываний в косвенной речи сначала в
настоящем времени (Например, Professor says that Alec’s answer was rather good and……), а затем в прошедшем (Например, Professor said that Alec’s answer had been rather good and……). Помните, что при передаче чужого высказывания в косвенной речи действует правило согласования времен, если косвенная речь вводится глаголом в прошедшем времени!
Professor: Your answer was rather good. Would you answer a few extra questions?
Alec: I’ll try.
Professor: What can the computer do with the information?
Alec: It can calculate, compare and copy the information stored in its memory.
Professor: What kinds of memory do you know?
Alec: RAM and ROM.
Professor: What is RAM?
Alec: RAM stands for Random Access Memory, because information can be transferred into and out of any single byte of memory.
Professor: And what does ROM stand for?
Alec: ROM is Read Only Memory. It is a firmmade permanent memory chip for program storage.
Professor: Good. Your answers are excellent. Alec: Thank you, Professor. I’m pleased, as Programming has always been my favourite subject.
В настоящем времени:
Professor says that Alec’s answer was rather good and asks him whether he would answer a few extra questions. Alec answers he’ll try. Professor tells Alec that as he knows, a chip is a miniaturized electronic circuit and asks what elements it does contain. Alec answers that a chip contains several hundred thousand electronic components – transistors, resistors and others. Professor asks if there are any other terms, which are synonymous to chip. Alec answers that there are and that they are integrated circuits and microelectronics. Professor asks Alec what types of chips he can describe. Alec answers that it is Logic chips and Memory chips and that Logic chips perform some or all the functions of a processor and Memory chips are storage cells. Professor asks whether larger computers may use several types of microprocessors and Аlec answers that they may, of course, and that even desk computers use one or more microprocessors. Professor tells Alec that his answer is good so he get a five. Alec thanks Professor and says good-bye to him.
В прошедшем времени:
Professor said that Alec’s answer had been rather good and asked him whether he would answer a few extra questions. Alec answered he would try. Professor told Alec that as he knows, a chip was a miniaturized electronic circuit and asked what elements it did contain. Alec answered that a chip contained several hundred thousand electronic components – transistors, resistors and others. Professor asked if there were any other terms, which were synonymous to chip. Alec answered that there were and that they were integrated circuits and microelectronics. Professor asked Alec what types of chips he could describe. Alec answered that it was Logic chips and Memory chips and that Logic chips performed some or all the functions of a processor and Memory chips were storage cells. Professor asked whether larger computers might use several types of microprocessors and Аlec answered that they might, of course, and that even desk computers used one or more microprocessors. Professor told Alec that his answer was good so he got a five. Alec thanked Professor and told him good-bye.
8. Передайте диалог, пересказанный в косвенной речи, в прямой
речи.
When Alec and Bob met Alec said that he had some questions about the computer interface. So he wanted Bob to explain some aspects to him. Bob answered in the positive.
The first question Alec asked concerned the notion of an interface. He added that people often used the English equivalent of that term and seemed not to differentiate between the types of interfaces. Bob explained that the interface was an interconnection between hardware, software and people. When Alec inquired what hardware interface consisted of Bob told that that type of the interface consisted of physical channels, cables, or wires that connected and exchanged electronic signals between CPU and peripherals or between any two units.
Then Alec was interested to learn what software interfaces connected in particular and Bob told that they were specific messages established between programs. Alec remembered that software interfaces were application programs, Data Base Management Systems and the operating programs. He thanked Bob and added that he felt ready to pass his exam in
programming successfully.
Alec: I have some questions about the computer interface. Can you explain me some aspects, please?
Bob: Yes, sure.
Alec: What is an interface? People often use the English equivalent of that term and seems not to differentiate between the types of interfaces.
Bob: The interface is an interconnection between hardware, software and people.
Alec: What hardware interface consisted of?
Bob: That type of the interface consists of physical channels, cables, or wires that connect and exchange electronic signals between CPU and
peripherals or between any two units.
Alec: What software interfaces connected in particular?
Bob: They are specific messages established between programs.
Alec: Oh, I remembered that software interfaces were application programs, Data Base Management Systems and the operating programs. Thank you, Bob! Now I’m ready to pass my exam in programming successfully!
9. Сгруппируйте предложения в зависимости от функции
герундия, а затем переведите на русский язык.
1. Casting is a process of forming metal objects. – Литьё - процесс создания металлических предметов.
2. Numerous methods have been developed for producing metal castings. – Разработано множество методов для производства металлического литья.
3. The test needed increasing the temperature of the metal. – Для испытания необходимо увеличить температуру металла.
4. There are some ways of obtaining high quality alloys. – Существует несколько способов получения высококачественных сплавов.
5. Aluminum has a melting point of 658.7° C. – Алюминий имеет температуру плавления 658.7 °C.
6. Melting may be done in cupolas, air furnaces, electric furnaces, etc. – Плавка может выполняться в вагранках, воздушных печах, электропечах и т.д.
7. Some metals require treatment before being placed in the melting furnace. – Перед загрузкой в плавильную печь некоторые металлы требуют обогащения.
8. We know of electric furnaces being used for the production of highgrade castings. – Мы знаем, что электропечи используются для изготовления высококачественного литья.
9. Plastics are a new group of materials replacing natural products. – Пластмассы - это новая группа материалов, заменивших натуральные продукты.
10. We know of Newton's having developed principles of mechanics. – Мы знаем, что металлургия достигла больших успехов.
Подлежащее - 1, 6
Составное глагольное сказуемое - 3
Косвенное дополнение - 2
Определение - 4, 5