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" " * ! 8# ## # # $#8#% ## ? "&- & & # 8 #8 * # " >/ ? ?= >/ $% &*, >/ - & ?> 8 A #"& > " > "$>. ' " A $% & & " ? % #"$&*% * $# >/ $# ! # # ## " A 8$& " «-» & 8. < % , $8 > #- , $& 8> $ C 8 # #@, 8 & @ " $#8 &* >- 8# $ " C& C A##. $& @= &* 8$A !-$% & $#" * 8$& " «-» $# 8 8$ - A $& ? ? > 8 A 8 && " " @=# " # & A#- " A $"" . "@ > %8 " * $" & # C A 8$& " # "$/ "#" 8>, " " = / #% ?O " $ - "& &* >8# 8 # #8 8# # ? >, A 8 &* A #% ?O $" & " " " @=#8 # 8 " # /$&$" #. ' ?= 8 "& C # M * — # A ! , - @= $/ " ## A 8 && # , / — A & # $# "$# ## ! 8# @= 8 ? #@ #* / — 8$ $& $"" . ' 8 # & # 8$ > # A / $## ($& ! ? # ) $& " " #- E 8" #8 ? > 8$& " 8 "#8 &* >8 8 8 ? ? # 8- && 8 #% # > A C& 8 ( # ), $& " *@ " " $## « % A 8 " » $# "#" 8 8 $.

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& A# # # % &@ " A ?$#$" 8$ -$ 400—450 :D A 8 # / 8 " $"& @=#8 $>- 8. " >8 " /" 8 $# # ## & " # #- %#" # >/ A &*, >/ " >" #8# C A # " #8# #" # 8# [1]. A &* $" & " ? / # # " #/ # , # A %8 = &" " " &* ? — & % . A ?$#$" " = " & " % " $&$# # " & % , >/ 8 & " $&- > & @=#8 C& 8 8 # % =#= # $# % > .

{#"& 8 # $"" A " = " & & "* " $8- =*@ $ ELCUT [2]. "$&*% # A 8 $% & " * / @ % #"#8 " * C&- # $& !#%# " # $8 #-# & % 8$>. & $& # C& # " # # C A # " # #" # # # / "#" 8> # >? A 8 #- " # $8 # $#% #&" " C& 8 A # A #$& A $& / ? % 8 > C& 8 . U>& $& - # "$& # C& 8 A # > # $& > $& / % A % «- & 8» # «A 8» #8 ? > A & % #"#8 " # - 8 #. < & > > $% & @ # * 8 # " " * A .

& ? "$# % > $8 A ?>& ""8 - " &* " #/ A & / " % >8# %8 8#, *# >8# 8 ?# *" # C!! # " # A , "&- &* , # $#% # &* " # " # & # # ?- $#$" .

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2.R )F . . # " /" # # A A " $8 =*@ $ Elcut // Exponenta Pro. — 2003. R 2.

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# $$"#8 ## E # 8 #!! # &* A # $A # A $ " $" >8# C!!# # 8# # & >8# &* >8# "& # 8#.

"$#8 &* $ ! # ?O " #8 " $8 $ - # "$A "#A & % 8 / "#" 8>. " " "- # "#" 8> $& " #8-? " # E#8" #8 8 ? > ?O . < A !# $/ ! ## ?O $& # $&- " # $/ ! ##. & $& # $8 $ - / ! ##: C!!# # $# K , $" / 8 # T , %$%- > # Κ — #"$&*% @ " #"& > 8 > $#" 8# #8 8 - / ! ##, " " @= / #? & 8 $& #@ #" 8> % #/. # #8 8 & # #" 8 / ! ## $/ - #" # # # " $ 8 #8 *E# . < # #"$&*% ## #"& > 8 #"$&*% " A / # $$"#8 ## — $ 8# #- 8 8 ?" &@ A & # E#? # $#? # #" 8 / ! ##. & $#" $$"#8# @= / ! ## $#8 " $A 88 Mathcad. " $$"#8 ## # " #% &* . " $& / $/ ! ## ?O "# %# " % 8 "#" 8 8- # " A $& # . < #% # " " C!!# # $# - A & , $8 # @= A , # >$& " % # 8# " # #" # % 8 / "#" 8>. < % &* 8 % " = " & " # $& > " >8 $8 C!!# #

# $" > 8 # % 8 / "#" 8>.

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% ? $= 8 8 &* < $A 88 8 $ -ANSYS, " " = #% # ( ), & A #A& ( ), % A % # (F) #$=# " > ?& " / ( ) ( #". 1). ' %8 " # 8 $%- & @ #%8 * C& # " # # A 8 # " # $8 > #""& 8 / $# ( #"& " #/, 8 # &, &=# " #, # # $8 > #- &* > % % > $" " #/ # .). " ANSYS " = " & " $8 %$" ! /& " " 8# $8 8# #""& 8 / $#, >/ ! 8# " "$# &* % ? / $ $A 88 , " # " # $&*% & 8 ## 8# #8 8 .

D $8 =*@ 8 ?> $> #"- "& # # $8 C- A # " # #" # # < . ""8- # &" # 8 8 100 88 " % %- >8#, # " % % >8# " # 8#. - % &* > " " # "* " >8# !#%# " # C "$#8 . " # % &* $>"#& 10—15 %.

% ? 8 # C& # " A " < , $" & @= " ? / 8- ?# #@ " = " @= / 8 # # [1] # 8 / 8 , $% & # > * &@? @ !#A #@ . # ?>&$? $#8 " #/ / $# - 0,4, $& / % =# >8 C 8 (F ).

/ F ? A % 8 &> "& # , 8 , # >$&-A @ ! #@ (% =# # $ "$& % 8#- " #/ #A &*). " # # $""> # # > -# & A# >. < & E " " # % &* !#%#- " A # 8 8 # " A 8 # .

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& % C& 8 A # > $"" >" " > #" #-$# # " 8 $#8 8> ! 8 A # > 8 & / ( >"- " > " A& " @=# "! 8 >, "" , # >) # &*-#"$&*% * 8 # $ MatLab [3]. # #% % &* 8 # # # / A % $" & #". 1.

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2.!+F % & .. >. .: E# " # , 1989.

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294