Файл: Том 2.pdf

Скачать файл
Заказать решение

ВУЗ: Не указан

Категория: Не указан

Дисциплина: Не указана

Добавлен: 28.04.2025

Просмотров: 2028

Скачиваний: 3

ВНИМАНИЕ! Если данный файл нарушает Ваши авторские права, то обязательно сообщите нам.

.'. , .; . .#. , . . ., " . (1 71$, 2. 1 )

'>$& > # " # #""& # # >" > "& E&< A A > " &$& #&* > $ ( D<). " > $% ,$# ## >" > E& < A # " .

< A D<, $%> @=#/ &@ 8 = " # A, # = @ A

# "$& & # 8 && # E& , "" # > " % " #/ A& / C!!# # #%& # A 8 && ¯8 $ > #@ [1]:

Μ 0,08 0,98 . (1)

D A& " " & D<-100 " $>8 "! 8 8 8 = " *@ 80 '· # # >8 $# 8 940 ' $# "#& 50 < A " " & 0,67 $# A 500 88 # A& ?# & # 8 && 150 88. " > $% , $# " " ## E& < A #% #/ (¾ = 0,47), " " 8 >" > "& E& < A # " # $# #8 $&*-% # ¾ = 0,76 $# >" "& hE = 550 88, " "* $#- " # #%8 >8 $# &* /E 8 ## ("8. ? ).

$" 'A +# ) ) ! /! A '! +# 500 $$ #!+ !+ $!! 150 $$

hE, 88

h%, 88

h% / l

¾

0

150

0,3

0,47

100

250

0,5

0,51

350

500

1,0

0,67

450

600

1,2

0,73

550

700

1,4

0,76

' ? h% — >" % A& ?& # A 8 && # E& , l — # A. < & > % &* > $@ " C "$#8 &* >8# #""&-

# 8# [2].

0 +

1.. ., ! .D., 0+# & D. . < >E # < A $8 " # # C& 8 A # A > # C& " &$& #&* > $. { " * 1. ' # C& 8 A # A > # # >" > E& < A D< // & 8 && A# . 2011. R 4. D. 12—18.

2.+-% . . ' # 8 ""> 8 && E# > # &=# > E& &-

A#@ >$& # " A / $# // & 8 && A# . 2010. R 2. D. 2—6.

316

. . , .; . . . / , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)

' " 8 8 ? &* 8 $#% " $#8 @ " & A# " # $""> A 8 / $& # % > 8$. ' & ""8 $"" A A& / 8 / $& # # 8$> 340 D & %8 A # # " & # # $# &* - " > $& "& $ 8#-!$& " / $& #. "$#8 &* A #8 A >$& $8 8$*@ A 8 - # $A 88 8 8$& " ELCUT, >/ $% & 8 * C& 8 A # > # $& > $""> " #"$&*% # 8 8 - > C& 8 [1].

% ? 8$*@ 8 &*, $#"> @= "#" 8 «#- % A % » ( #". 1). F A % / & " $& # 8 8 10 88, #->$& # E # " 38 # 8# # 8 8 60 88 #% 8 / ? # # 8 8 18 88. { " # 10—50 .

< % &* 8 " $ % C& 8 A # > # $&- > $"" , " " # $& > !#A ## 8 A # > # 8- $> $& /, C& # " # # C A # " # #" #- # "#" 8> «# —% A % ». U& A E# #8 %8 " 8 8$& " ELCUT % ? 8 &* 8 ?> * #"$&*% & $#" $#8 &* A #8 ? > # # / " # $ $8 : " " # A , $?& # C& C A##, " ## # # .

. 1. # ! $)F + (+ | $!")

0 +

1. f # # A A / . . D& #/,

'.D. 8 ,

. . < & , .'. U 8 C ; $ . . . D& A . — .:

A #% . -

# A . -# , 1981. —328 ".

317

. . 1 , ".; - . . / , . . ., " .; . . 5 , . . ., . (#$ « % »)

!

#% 8$> # # > $# " A A " " #% " &* A - $" ( " , ?>) # > @= A #- . < # $#8 @ " & " E # #% & ##, & " > $> #/ # "# >,A# & A# " # $"" # @ " $" / # ? &*E#8 " " 8 ? > [1]. < # " C& # " # - #" # # $/ % # - " /, " % > " / " *@ 8 A # > " /" ! 8 A # , # 8 $* A#" %#" #, > "& , "&- " *@ !#A ## C& 8 A # A $& .

. 1. ! * - D = " @=# # " # 8 # # "- $ + – -# +- (E-)

? "$# @ ? 8 / " #, $C 8 $"$# / & " % ? 8 # #, " / #"- $&*% ## 8$*@ A 8 # . % ? 8 8 # " 8 &* # # A A & $& / # # " / % A # #% ! 8 A # A 8 # & ( #". 1). &A # 8 " " #"$&*- % ## C& # " / " 8> % 8 = # "#" 8> # — ! 8 A # % A % [2]. " >$& " # # >8 8 8,# > # # > "$# & # " 8> % 8 = # !- 8 A # / % A % # / % #" # .

< #% > " > #$A $#8 # # A A & ! 8 A # / ?> # 8 8 D2 = 300 88 # &=# / ¿2 = 10 88. < % % &* " $& >8 "$" ? 8 # " $8- =*@ 8$*@ A 8 # $A 88 / " ELCUT," # % ? / 8 .

0 +

1.+ ! .(. # >/ A ! 8 A # / " . .: A- 8#% , 1988.

2.$* 8 & #""& # C& 8 A # A $& !-

8 A # / $= / " " 8

A#" %#" / .U. & # ,

. . D$# " #/, . . , '. . •

// & # " . 2005. R 11.

D. 57—61.

318

. 1. $* $!" $) + —$# —- # +-

. . E , .; . . . / , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)

!

& ? "$# A A " ? # #"$&*% @ " % > #$> A & /, $# C 8 #8 #% #? & C!! # > & " - A &* "! 8 A #$ [1], $" & @=#/ " ? / "- ! 8 " # / ?8 /, >$& / #% 8 & " / ? # ( @= " &*), $ / $ A 8 . & $ - & # A #" # # $#" $#8 &* A # " ## ?>& % ? 8 &* C& 8 A # / "#" 8> # — 8 A #-$ — % A % " #"$&*% # 8 $ $A 88 ELCUT [2]. " #% A 8 # " / 8 $" &

#". 1. < " &* A &* "#88 # , $# " #"$&*- % * "#" 8>.

#" # # 8 8 A $8>E& A A & : - " — 50 , 8 = " * — 150 ' ,— 216,5 , $# — 380 ', C& # " #/ < — 0.98, $#%- # &* " * & ?> — 1,05 83/ # & $8>E& " # — 0,48 83/

( 8$ A " " 55 # 90 D).

% ? C& 8 A # 8 &* # % > 8 #!# ## $% $%# * # C A # " # #" # # A & ( < , cos¯) % > $8 : % % 8 ?8- 8# (¿), # 8 # &=# > ? #, #% / >$& # ?8 , #"& # ?8 # # A# $8 .

' $ ELCUT ?>& % ? 8 &* & $& # $&- # " # $8 A & , " $8 =*@ / ?> >?- > &=# # 8 # & $& / #% & ## # "" # $& / < .

< & > % &* > ? #"$&*% > $# 8 #% ## $ - 8>E& A A & .

0 +

1.& F # # > C& # " # A & /: http//www.zien.ru/.

2.+ ! .(. # # # A # #C& # " A A : ,

1999.

319

28

' &

— . . 3 . %1, . . ., . . 7 :

— . . +

. . , *. . , 0; . . . 2 , . . ., . (#71$, 2. # )

,« »

' #% # " 8 A ?= " &@ # " & # @ " " 8 " 8 $?& 8, 8 #"& # C 8# " # . 8# 8 > ! # # @ " > "> * , #, " & #@, ?= " "#& " C #8 ? *" .

" A E #/ * " $ ? %# / 8# # A-" 8 $? , & / $A > # $A " " & & 10 &100 8. #8 ? % 8, " #8 " * 1 8 $? A «$ $ » ?" #8 " # 0,1 & ? %# -95, . . & 3 ?. < #? A - "& >8 8 8 # " #8 > #"& # 8, 8 & A $" # *, " #8 " * 1 8 $? A C& 8 ?#& $# " C A## 0,135 ' / 8 " " # 36 51 $., " $% *" 8. " & * C > ">, A #! C& C A#@ # , #& 8 ? / " " A 9—12 $.! 8# &* C A "# & $& " ? & 8 " # /!

# , #"$&*% # C& #A & / % # &* " # % > $# # . 8 " 8>8 # # #A & / $ - " @ #% * &@ / $8 " = " " # * # " >.

' / ? $" & ? & C 8# >/ # "$, - / C& 8 ?#&*, " % >/ ? % 8 ?#& « ». " > $#8 = " A " " $# # — C % &* 8 % "#" 8 , " " # "$& # ( #" # = A 8 8 $%- & A *" # %A *" / # / $), #A# &* "#" 8 $# " &* # . , , A& >8 $#8 = " 8 " & " C 8# " * «$ ».

& 8 ?#&* "$& A $& / # "$/ / % , "$"

# # "# 8 A " 8 $. < #8 # C& # " A $#

320

& A "# >8 # ? "E 8 >8 "$>8 " " 8. , - , " A «8 E# » 8 ?"& # * #-? - > % >, ? &* # > A #, A " ? > &$ #A & A "A # . $& # C& 8 ?#& 8 % # &* $= , 8 8 ?#& 8 " 8 # " / ? / $, # &@? / « /- # » "8 ? % "$# *" " « &-/».

321

.5. , .; . . . " , . . ., . (#71$, 2. # )

!!

' " %# " # &* >8 #"$&*% # 8 C A # " # " " ? &*E #8 # E / " & " C A "? #@. U

# $#&* " # C& # " / C A## & " / #% - /E# A " " > % , $" & > $ " 8# "& 8# A % /" " >. & # " #/ "$ — $>/ $ - ?# &* C& C A##. #? & $"$# >8# 8 8#, $&- >8# " # # C A$?& # , & @ " : 8 *E # " $ - # A " " ; " # # &* A " C A##, %8 A % " 8 *E # "$# & # # #@, # < #A & / # " # # 8 % > # $" > $*; $ A >8 C& #A- & 8, ? @=#8 $8 8 ; #"$&*% # #8$&*" / "#- " 8> $& # A >8 C& #A & 8.

x &*@ #""& # & " % # "& #/ # # A- " A % 8 A C& # " A "$ " C& # " / C A##, $?& 8 / A . ' " ?O #""& # ?>& #"- $&*% && /? " 8 # TROLZA 5275, ? >/ A >8 C& #A & 8 8 # -211U. ' ? $> " > & #8 # # && /? " : «$" — >? A — 8 # », "-" # $A (" ! ), # # $& 8 "$8 $ (8 "#8 &* " " * 15 8/ , " " # #8 >? A ). ' - % &* $ > #""& #/ ?> $& > "& @=# % # " C A## && /? " 8 % > #8 A # # . % $ - " & > > "& , $ 8 E # "& #/ # # "$A " " C!! # " * # #8$&*" > "#" 8$& # % " . < # # ## $& 8 "$8 $ " #% / " / " " *@ ( # # «$? ») #"$&*% # D $% & " #%# * " C A## A 2 % . '8 " " 8 ?- #8 8 # *, $# C "$& ## $# A " " " D - E # "& #/ # # $# # $# " # 8 - #@ C A$?& # . ' " %# " C #8 # * C!! # D 8 &* $# "& ## 8 "E ? / 8 #% ## <D " $ - # " # $& >8 " # 8 #% C "$& ## "$> " " " D .

322

. ., .; . .*. 1 " , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)

< # " # " C "$& # 8> # >$" 8> " A M C&$% ( <) $" A (< ) " #" # $# # " ?" > # ?8 % #"#8 A %? # ( ') A > 8 E# ( ) #8 $#-" A 8 # ( ) #"- $&*% @ " C& 8 E# > $? % ( <) $# - / " # ! % $8 " / >8 $# 8 220 '. A & 8 "" C "$& # $% & # ? "$" ? " *, # $#& # E# " " #: >" @ " #8 " * #%A & # # 8 , #% @ " * # < , ? &*E# 8 "" # A ? # >, A #- @ 8 = " * # " = " > % > ?"& # # . & # " # $& A & "* # " # % > & "* 8 A # " # E #/ $ " E " #@ <, # $ " % #@ " # " # $? % & / (D<). ' " " #, % F $"& 8 %- ? & # " #& $#% " < A #$ I.<'.7. I " $>E / 55 ' 8 = " *@ "# A A , " #/ > < "- " & &* 38 ' . " #A % " " = " A "& # #A & $? % & , " = A 8 ?8 8# " 8 && 8#; " * % # &* > " # # # " ## $#% " D<: " 8 " $ $# # « " » !# 8> «D#8 "» # "8 E & # A % ? & D< #$ UD-80 " 8 = " *@ > 80 ' , $& # / #"$&*% " & $# # ' .

' %8 " # " % # D< $"& # A > "E# #"* ?& A " #@ $#% " $&$# > #& / " >8# "- 8#. ' C / ? $& % #"$&*% * # % &* > % ? # D< & $## A 8$ " ' , "$# > " " # 8 # A " A % #8. A , " % > " " # 8 ?#- "" A C& % " # &* A % ( 'F) $? % & & $# # ' C& % ' 15.

323

. . , ".; . .*. 1 " , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)

A#@ $## 8$ %8 #"$&*% * 8 "$" ? 8#:

& $# # A A " " " ##, = A " #8 A#;

& $# $# C& C A##;

& $# E @@ " *.

' $8 "& , # & % / A#, A C A "#" 8 %- &* , 8$ $" ? #"$&*% ## C A## $ - ## " " > >8, * $?# & # A A " " #8 A# " ## 8 % *" . " ? C $" & & ? &*E# 8$ , A # & # # " ? &*E /. ' * 8 "& #%-% "& " # E # # &* " # $? A $#8 # " # " $ " 8 # A & " ? % " *. < C 8 " = 8 $ " 8 8# ""8 # " # $#8 # 8$ " # > $# & / C& C A##.

D = " @ E # #/-# > 8 & , # # #" . < "& # # " # E # " # > $# & / C& C A## # #" , %> 8> "$" 8#, ? = @ * $& # &* >/ #-C 8# " #/ C!! $ - ## 8$ , $& A " # % ## C A##$## " $/ " * A / " " , #, " " $?# & , " #"$&*% # 8 8 " > $# & /, & $% * "$E $#8 * $#@ # " = " $>- "# * C!! # " * 8$ " # % # C 8## C& C- A##. & C A $& A " #"$&*% * " # " # $# ? % # #" , " & > " # $& > 8 " , - "# &* 8# #8 &* 8 "" ## ## $# @= A " " .

D # " # $# #8 @ " 8 $#8 = " $ " / $# & / $" " A , 8 "" $#- & 8 # * 2 . # & " #" &@ # &* #- " /, 8 A# " , 8 #"& ""##, " * $#$> "- # " # $# & / # #" , > ? = @ $# *" >-? /E 8 , # & A# "8 * $# * 8 "" > #"$> # .

324

./. , .; . . . 9, . . ., ., (#71$, 2. # )

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

" > % &* > ? >, $& > 8: $& $#- 8 &* >/ # " ## % 8 / $/ " > — ! 8 ?$, $#% > $" > " > " $#8 # 8 #8#- # > 8 FEM, $@=# " * >? / ! 8>; % ? "$ " " # $& > A 8 "" A ? # > $% " " ## " $# >8# $8 8# " ## $ - / " >; >$& A-C A # " #/ " " $" # 8 # > # # "-A !# " #8 "$" ? 8. < & > % &*- > &* A " C A## # # $" $% & && /? " # 8 / A A , " &* "$@ &- A# >8 #" # 8 8$ # k .

#% ? > % &@ " " % ## " ## %- ? # C" A $"" # " A "$A 8$& " . 8- ## # > > 8 A ?> * #"$&*% > -#""& &*" /,# $# " / &* " # (8 #% # , " # # $ - # # > 8 E > " /).

325

./. 3 , . . < , 0; . . . / 2 , . . ., . (#71$, 2. # )

( )

$#"> " $?& 8 #"$&*% # C A "? A @=# & A#/A " 8 C& # " 8 "$. ""8 > " > $?&- 8>, " % > " $#8 # 8 $# A 8 # " A$& # " E " # "#" 8> C& " ? # & $&- # C 8## C A##. & ## " " A 8 >$& #%?> / C A## $##, $ ? #8 " * # & " ? % " * #"$&*% # C A## C& # " # 8 #/.

' ? &*E A A C A 8 " * C& # " A "$ - " , $# $" 8 ## C A "# & / &- " " / $# # / ?> " # "$> $ $# #/, "$#- %# @=# " $"" # " # $% . "& " # , % # #- " #@ C A "? A @=# & A#/. # $#8 #$# A 8 # A " 8 C& # " 8 "$ $" & #? & C!! # @ %8 " * $& # C 8## C& C A## %8 15 30 % ?=# % $#@ [1]. " / $# # / C A & " $& "& # C&- # " A ? # $# A " " # #8 A ? >, $ - >E # $# A / " #.

= / $?& 8 /, " % / " C!! # " *@ $#8 # - $##, & " % # C A## # &> 8 #, A ## " " @ $?# [2]. A# $# @= A $#- A " " , = $?# & /, "# % # «#%?> C A# $##».

0 +

1.0 * A. . < >E # ? "$" ? " # # " # " " A " A C& # " A "$ // # &> ÄÄÄ '" . .-$. !. «< ?& 8>

#$"$# > # 8 #-$ ? "$# C A-, " " "? # #=-88 &* 8 % /" ». — & E , 2006. — D. 73—76.

2.. ., 8 # " 8 # C A$?& # < « 8 " # » // # &> . .-$. !. « " / # % # # A . & # " #/ "$ — $"$# > % # # # ? "$# ». — * : , 2009. — D. 19—20.

326

Смотрите также файлы