Файл: Microcontroller Programming. Thi Micro Chip PIC (Julio Sanchez, 2007).pdf
ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 14.06.2025
Просмотров: 8539
Скачиваний: 0
x Microcontroller Programming
Chapter 10 - Programming Essentials: Input and Output |
189 |
||
10.0 |
16F84A Programming Template |
189 |
|
10.1 |
Introducing the 16F84A |
191 |
|
10.1.1 |
Template Circuit for 16F84A |
191 |
|
10.1.2 |
Power Supplies |
191 |
|
Voltage Regulator |
192 |
||
10.1.3 |
Comparisons in PIC Programming |
193 |
|
The Infamous PIC Carry Flag |
194 |
||
10.2 |
Simple Circuits and Programs |
194 |
|
10.2.1 |
A Single LED Circuit |
194 |
|
LED Flasher Program |
196 |
||
10.2.2 |
LED/Pushbutton Circuit |
199 |
|
10.2.3 |
Multiple LED Circuit |
202 |
|
10.3 |
Programming the Seven-segment LED |
204 |
|
10.4 |
A Demonstration Board |
206 |
|
10.4.1 PCB Images for Demo Board |
206 |
||
10.4.2 |
TestDemo1 Program |
208 |
|
Chapter 11 - Interrupts |
211 |
||
11.0 |
Interrupts on the 16F84 |
211 |
|
11.0.1 |
The Interrupt Control Register |
211 |
|
11.0.2 |
The OPTION Register |
212 |
|
11.1 |
Interrupt Sources |
213 |
|
11.1.1 |
Port-B External Interrupt |
214 |
|
11.1.2 |
Timer0 Interrupt |
214 |
|
11.1.3 |
Port-B Line Change Interrupt |
215 |
|
Multiple External Interrupts |
217 |
||
11.1.4 |
EEPROM Data Write Interrupt |
217 |
|
11.2 |
Interrupt Handlers |
217 |
|
11.2.1 |
Context Saving Operations |
218 |
|
Saving w and STATUS Registers |
218 |
||
11.3 |
Interrupt Programming |
218 |
|
11.3.1 |
Programming the External Interrupt |
219 |
|
RB0 Interrupt Initialization |
220 |
||
RB0 Interrupt Service Routine |
221 |
||
11.3.2 |
Wakeup from SLEEP Using the RB0 Interrupt |
222 |
|
The SleepDemo Program |
223 |
||
11.3.3 |
Port-B Bits 4-7 Status Change Interrupt |
224 |
|
RB4-7 Interrupt Initialization |
225 |
||
RB4-7 Change Interrupt Service Routine |
227 |
||
11.4 Sample Programs |
229 |
||
11.4.1 |
The RB0Int Program |
229 |
|
11.4.2 The SleepDemo Program |
232 |
||
11.4.3 |
The RB4to7Int Program |
235 |
|
Chapter 12 - Timers and Counters |
241 |
12.0 The 16F84 Timer0 Module |
241 |
12.0.1 Timer0 Operation |
241 |
Contents |
xi |
||
Timer0 Interrupt |
242 |
||
Timer0 Prescaler |
242 |
||
12.1 |
Delays Using Timer0 |
243 |
|
12.1.1 |
Long Delay Loops |
244 |
|
How Accurate the Delay? |
245 |
||
The Black-Ammerman Method |
245 |
||
12.2 |
Timer0 as a Counter |
246 |
|
12.3 |
Timer0 Programming |
247 |
|
12.3.1 |
Programming a Counter |
247 |
|
A Timer/Counter Test Circuit |
248 |
||
The Tmr0Counter Program |
248 |
||
12.3.2 |
Timer0 as a Simple Delay Timer |
250 |
|
12.3.3 |
Measured Time Lapse |
252 |
|
Interrupt-driven Timer |
255 |
||
12.4 The Watchdog Timer |
259 |
||
12.4.1 |
Watchdog Timer Programming |
260 |
|
12.5 Sample Programs |
260 |
||
12.5.1 |
The Tmr0Counter program |
260 |
|
12.5.2 |
The Timer0 Program |
263 |
|
12.5.3 The LapseTimer Program |
265 |
||
12.5.4 The LapseTmrInt Program |
269 |
||
Chapter 13 - LCD Interfacing and Programming |
275 |
||
13.0 |
LCD Features and Architecture |
275 |
|
13.0.1 |
LCD Functions and Components |
276 |
|
Internal Registers |
276 |
||
Busy Flag |
276 |
||
Address Counter |
276 |
||
Display Data RAM (DDRAM) |
276 |
||
Character Generator ROM (CGROM) |
276 |
||
Character Generator RAM (CGRAM) |
277 |
||
Timing Generation Circuit |
277 |
||
Liquid Crystal Display Driver Circuit |
278 |
||
Cursor/Blink Control Circuit |
278 |
||
13.0.2 |
Connectivity and Pin-Out |
278 |
|
13.1 |
Interfacing with the HD44780 |
279 |
|
13.1.1 |
Busy Flag or Timed Delay Options |
280 |
|
13.1.2 |
Contrast Control |
281 |
|
13.1.3 |
Display Backlight |
281 |
|
13.1.4 |
Display Memory Mapping |
281 |
|
13.2 |
HD44780 Instruction Set |
283 |
|
13.2.1 |
Instruction Set Overview |
283 |
|
Clearing the Display |
283 |
||
Return home |
284 |
||
Entry mode set |
284 |
||
Display and Cursor ON/OFF |
284 |
||
Cursor/display shift |
284 |
||
Function set |
285 |
||
Set CGRAM address |
285 |
||
Set DDRAM address |
285 |
||
Read busy flag and Address register |
285 |
||
xii |
Microcontroller Programming |
||
Write data |
285 |
||
Read data |
286 |
||
13.2.2 |
A 16F84 8-bit Data Mode Circuit |
286 |
|
13.3 LCD Programming |
287 |
||
13.3.1 |
Defining Constants and Variables |
287 |
|
Using MPLAB Data Directives |
289 |
||
13.3.2 |
LCD Initialization |
290 |
|
Function Set Command |
290 |
||
Display Off |
291 |
||
Display and Cursor On |
291 |
||
Set Entry Mode |
292 |
||
Cursor and Display Shift |
292 |
||
Clear Display |
293 |
||
13.3.3 |
Auxiliary Operations |
293 |
|
Time Delay Routine |
293 |
||
Pulsing the E Line |
295 |
||
Reading the Busy Flag |
295 |
||
Bit Merging Operations |
296 |
||
13.3.4 |
Text Data Storage and Display |
298 |
|
Generating and Storing a Text String |
299 |
||
Displaying the Text String |
301 |
||
13.3.5 |
Data Compression Techniques |
302 |
|
4-bit Data Transfer Mode |
302 |
||
Master/Slave Systems |
304 |
||
13.4 Sample Programs |
306 |
||
13.4.1 |
LCDTest1 |
306 |
|
13.4.2 |
LCDTest2 Program |
316 |
|
13.4.3 |
LCDTest3 Program |
327 |
|
Chapter 14 - Communications |
339 |
||
14.0 |
PIC Communications Overview |
339 |
|
14.1 |
Serial Data Transmission |
340 |
|
14.1.1 |
Asynchronous Serial Transmission |
340 |
|
14.1.2 |
Synchronous Serial Transmission |
342 |
|
14.1.3 |
PIC Serial Communications |
342 |
|
14.1.4 |
The RS-232-C Standard |
343 |
|
Essential Concepts |
344 |
||
The Serial Bit Stream |
344 |
||
Parity Testing |
345 |
||
Connectors and Wiring |
345 |
||
The Null Modem |
346 |
||
The Null Modem Cable |
347 |
||
14.1.5 |
The EIA-485 Standard |
349 |
|
EIA-485 in PIC-based Systems |
350 |
||
14.2 |
Parallel Data Transmission |
350 |
|
14.2.1 |
PIC Parallel Slave Port (PSP) |
351 |
|
14.3 |
PIC “Free-style” Serial Programming |
351 |
|
14.3.1 |
PIC-to-PIC Serial Communications |
352 |
|
PIC-to-PIC Serial Communications Circuits |
352 |
||
PIC-to-PIC Serial Communications Programs |
354 |
||
14.3.2 |
Program Using Shift Register ICs |
360 |
|
Contents |
xiii |
||
The 74HC165 Parallel-to-Serial Shift Register |
361 |
||
74HC164 Serial-to-Parallel Shift Register |
364 |
||
14.4 |
PIC Protocol-based Serial Programming |
366 |
|
14.4.1 |
RS-232-C Communications on the 16F84 |
366 |
|
The RS-232-C Transceiver IC |
367 |
||
PIC to PC Communications |
368 |
||
An RS-232-C TTY Board |
368 |
||
A 16F84A UART Emulation |
369 |
||
An LCD Scrolling Routine |
371 |
||
14.4.2 |
RS-232-C Communications on the 16F87x |
375 |
|
The 16F87x USART Module |
376 |
||
The USART Baud Rate Generator |
376 |
||
16F87x USART Asynchronous Transmitter |
379 |
||
16F87x USART Asynchronous Receiver |
380 |
||
PIC-to-PC RS-232-C Communications Circuit |
381 |
||
16F877 PIC Initialization Code |
381 |
||
USART Receive and Transmit Routines |
384 |
||
The USART Receive Interrupt |
386 |
||
14.5 Sample Programs |
389 |
||
14.5.1 |
SerialSnd Program |
389 |
|
14.5.2 |
SerialRcv Program |
394 |
|
14.5.3 |
Serial6465 Program |
400 |
|
14.5.4 |
TTYUsart Program |
404 |
|
14.5.5 SerComLCD Program |
420 |
||
14.5.6 |
SerIntLCD Program |
438 |
|
Chapter 15 - Data EEPROM Programming |
459 |
||
15.0 PIC Internal EEPROM Memory |
460 |
||
15.0.1 EEPROM Programming on the 16F84 |
460 |
||
Reading EEPROM Data Memory on the 16F84 |
460 |
||
16F84 EEPROM Data Memory Write |
461 |
||
16F84 EEPROM Demonstration Program |
462 |
||
15.0.2 EEPROM Programming on the 16F87x |
465 |
||
Reading EEPROM Data Memory on the 16F87x |
467 |
||
Writing to EEPROM Data Memory in the 16F87x |
467 |
||
GFR Access Issue in the 16F87x |
469 |
||
15.0.3 16F87x EEPROM Circuit and Program |
469 |
||
15.1 |
EEPROM Devices and Interfaces |
475 |
|
15.1.1 |
The I2C Serial Interface |
476 |
|
15.1.2 |
I2C Communications |
476 |
|
15.1.3 EEPROM Communications Conditions |
477 |
||
15.1.4 EEPROM Write Operation |
478 |
||
15.1.5 EEPROM Read Operation |
478 |
||
15.1.6 I2C EEPROM Devices |
479 |
||
15.1.7 |
PIC Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP) |
480 |
|
MSSP in Master Mode |
482 |
||
15.1.8 I2C Serial EEPROM Programming on the 16F877 |
486 |
||
IC2 Initialization Procedure |
486 |
||
I2C Write Byte Procedure |
488 |
||
I2C Read Byte Procedure |
490 |
||
15.2 Sample Programs |
492 |
xiv |
Microcontroller Programming |
||
15.2.1 |
EECounter Program |
492 |
|
15.2.2 Ser2EEP Program |
504 |
||
15.2.3 I2CEEP Program |
521 |
||
Chapter 16 - Analog to Digital and Realtime Clocks |
543 |
||
16.0 |
A/D |
Converters |
544 |
16.0.1 |
Converter Resolution |
544 |
|
16.0.2 |
ADC Implementation |
545 |
|
16.1 |
A/D Integrated Circuits |
546 |
|
16.1.1 |
ADC0331 Sample Circuit and Program |
547 |
|
16.2 PIC On-Board A/D Hardware |
549 |
||
16.2.1 |
A/D Module on the 16F87x |
549 |
|
The ADCON0 Register |
550 |
||
The ADCON1 Register |
552 |
||
SLEEP Mode Operation |
554 |
||
16.2.2 |
A/D Module Sample Circuit and Program |
554 |
|
16.3 |
Realtime Clocks |
558 |
|
16.3.1 |
The NJU6355 Realtime Clock |
558 |
|
16.3.2 |
RTC Demonstration Circuit and Program |
560 |
|
BCD Conversion Procedures |
565 |
||
16.4 Sample Programs |
568 |
||
16.4.1 ADF84 Program |
568 |
||
16.4.2 A2DinLCD Program |
580 |
||
16.4.3 RTC2LCD Program |
595 |
||
Appendix A - Resistor Color Codes |
613 |
||
Appendix B - Building Your Own Circuit Boards |
615 |
||
Appendix C - Mid-range Instruction Set |
621 |
||
Appendix D - Supplementary Programs |
659 |
||
Index |
795 |
||