Файл: TM.doc

1. to compute E

A. to destroy, erase

2. to disconnect G

B. number, figure

3. to customize D

C. searching and selection of information in a computer

4. to delete A

D. to tune, set for the user’s needs

5. digit B

E. to count, calculate

6. data retrieval C

F. a parameter which is pre-installed and not specially set

7. default option F

G. to separate, break

Example

Type of logical relations

1. word – character E

A. equivalence

2. buggy software – incompatibility C

B. general and specific

3. mode – display mode B

C. cause and effect

4. to compute – co calculate A

D. contrast

5. copyright – copyleft D

E. part and whole

1. connected

computer and peripherals, computer to network, to the Internet, etc.

2. customized

any equipment, program, OS

3. deleted

information, data, file, folder, program

4. computed

data, figures

5. verified

data, information, password, command

1. default option

to use the commonly used options without tuning

2. device adapter

to make a device compatible

3. digital camera

to make pictures/films in the digital format

4. data retrieval

to find the necessary data

5. DVD

for storing digital video

1. downtime

offwork time/period, ant. uptime

2. to drop

delete, erase a program from memory, ant. to download

3. to enhance

to upgrade, to better, ant. to worsen , to spoil, to bug

4. to erase

to delete, to destroy, ant. to restore

5. error-prone

subject to errors, buggy, ant. error-free

noun

verb

adjective

adverb

enhancement

to enhance

enhanced

-

eraser/ erasure

to erase

erasable

-

expansion

to expand

expanded/ expandable

-

edit/ editor/ editing/ edition/ editorial

to edit

editorial/ edited

-

extension, extender

to extend

extended/ extendable

-

1. domain B

A. tolerant

2. error D

B. name

3. fault A

C. bar

4. file E

D. log

5. format C

E. handling

1. uptime

A. the time of the work of the system

2. to enhance

B. to improve, make better

3. fault

C. mistake, defect

4. freeware

D. a free program

5. to expand, extend

E. to enlarge, increase

Example

Type of logical relations

1. downtime – uptime C

A. general and specific

2. error detection – error correction B

B. cause and effect

3. domain – domain name E

C. contrast

3. to expand – to extend D

D. equivalence

4. handling – file handling A

E. part and whole

1. dropped

program, digits, bit

2. enhanced

computer, contrast, image, speed

3. expanded

abbreviation, character, memory, system

4. folded

paper, data, lines

5. edited

text, file, program, etc.

1. error detection

to keep the program working

2. feedback

to know what the users think about the program/OS, to have interaction between programs, computers (internet), computer and user

3. file handling

to analyze the files, to find, index, classify, copy files

4. text editing

to format the text, to correct the mistakes, to make changes

5. file erasing

to get rid of unnecessary/outdated files

1. hard

firm, solid; difficult, ant. soft, easy

2. input

contribution, participation, ant. output

3. invalid

unacceptable; untrue, ant. valid

4. download

load, charge, ant. upload

5. log in

log on, register in, record in, ant. log off; log out

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

link/ linkage/ linker/ linking

to link

linkable

-----

load/ loading/ loader

to load

loadable/ loaded

-----

maintenance

to maintain

maintainable

-----

monitor

to monitor

monitorial/ monitory

-----

1. hard D

A. distortion

2. image A

B. delivery

3. invalid E

C. guide

4. message B

D. copy

5. maintenance C

E. password

1. hard copy - backup copy - soft copy - master copy

Hard-/soft copy – forms of data representation

Backup-/master copy – forms of keeping information

Hard copy – information printed out on paper from a computer.

Soft copy – electronic form of keeping information in computer, CD etc.

Master copy – an original sample from which copies are made.

Backup copy – reserve copy made to restore deleted/unkept data/information

2. input - output

Input- information that is put into a system (or machine) so it can operate

Output – information produced by a computer

3. laptop – notebook - palmtop

Laptop – large portable, can be rested on user’s lap.

Notebook’s size is one of a sheet of notebook paper.

Palmtop – a small computer that can be held in the palm of one hand.

4. to reload – unload – download - upload

To reload – to put data or a program into a memory of a computer again.

To unload – to take smth. (disk or a tape) off or out a computer.

To download – to copy or move (data or program) into a computer memory, esp. from a larger computer; to copy information from Internet.

To upload – to copy or move (program or information) into a main system (or a larger computer)

5. log in - log off

To log in – to perform the actions that allow you to start using a computer.

To perform actions that allow you to finish using a computer.

Example

Type of logical relations

1. input – processing C

A. part and whole

2. monitor – computer A

B. general and specific

3. computer- notebook B

C. cause and effect

4. junk mail – spam E

D. contrast

4. input – output D

E. equivalence

1. hard copy

to have information printed out on paper so that to read it

2. keyboard

to input data through keys (as a typewriter does)

3. log in

to perform the actions that allow you to start using a computer system (to gain access to a computer system requiring user identification prior to access).

4. master copy

the original sample to make copies from

5. ROM

for reading data only (content can not be changed)

1. input

data, error, channel, alphabet, block, box, equipment, data processor, area

2. uploaded

program, information, data, files, games, system

3. downloaded

data, program, free software, files, music

4. maintained

command, program, contact-switch, contact type button, wave, user

5. monitored

program, storage, scheme, performance

1. offline mode

online mode

2. to paste

to insert, ant. to cut

3. real memory

ant. virtual memory, RAM

4. recoverable error

ant. irrecoverable error

5. print out

hard copy, ant. soft copy

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

printer/ print

to print

printed

-

program/ programmer

to program

programmable/ programming/ programmed

-

recovery

to recover

ir/recoverable

-

reflection/ reflector

reflect

reflected

-

reference

refer

referred

-

1. mouse C

A. mode

2. network E

B. database

3. offline A

C. pad

4. programmable B

D. memory

5. real D

E. access

1. online mode – offline mode

Online is working in real time; under the control of the main equipment; in the Internet.

Offline is working independently from the main equipment.

2. impact printer –

non-impact printer

Non-impact is a printer that prints without striking the paper; for example, a laser printer, thermal or an inkjet printer. Non-impact printers are quieter than impact printers, such as dot matrix printer.

3. print out – hard copy

Print out – material produced in printed form

Hard copy – printed material produced by a computer

4. real memory - ROM

Real memory may include RAM or ROM or their combination

1. netiquette

A. The rules of behaviour in network.

2. peripheral device

B. Device located not on the motherboard

3. programmable database

C. Software-controlled database

4. queue

D. List of the programs expecting their execution

5. recoverable error

E. Error which can be corrected.

Example

Type of logical relations

1. computer – mouse A

A. part and whole

2. error correction – recovery C

B. general and specific

3. online mode – offline mode D

C. cause and effect

4. reference guide – manual E

D. contrast

5. language – netspeak B

E. equivalence

1. pasted

file, folder, text, image, object

2. printed

circuit, text, picture

3. programmed

database, ROM, device

4. recovered

file, error, system

5. referred to

site, file, directory

1. to release

set free, ant. to press

2. to remove

to delete, change place

3. to scale back

to scale down, zoom out, ant. zoom in

4. to scan

to search, look through

5. security

safety, defense

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

removal

to re/move

removed/ removable

-

re/placement

to replace

replaceable

-

selection

to select

selective/ selected

selectively

serviceability/ service

to serve

serviceable

-

reserve

to reserve

reserved

-

1. restricted E

A. border

2. root D

B. browsing

3. screen A

C. environment

4. service C

D. directory

5. server B

E. information

1. remove

abolish or get rid, take off or away from the position occupied

2. replace

take the place of, provide a substitute for, put back on a previous place or position

3. release

allow information to be generally available, allow to move or flow freely

4. restore

repair or renovate, bring back

5. restrict

put a limit on

1. register

A. very-high-speed memory device in CPU

2. remote access

B. using remote sources as local

3. to scale back

C. proportional change of size

4. screen saver

D. program for protection of the screen

5. search engine

E. service of some sites and net portals to search information, special search sites

Example

Type of logical relations

1. remove – replace E

A. part and whole

2. periphery – scanner B

B. general and specific

3. Internet – search engine A

C. cause and effect

4. restricted information - security C

D. contrast

5. press a button – release a button D

E. equivalence

1. released

button, source, program,

2. removed

file, text, picture, icon

3. replaced

object, file, filename, icon

4. restored

system, error, program, file

5. scanned

disk, text, file, picture

1. release

for calling a method; button release is one of events which can call program method execution.

2. route

for sending information through it

3. scale

for not distorting image by changing its size

4. security

for saving, protecting information

5. restriction of information

for saving private information from thieves

1. shut down

close, terminate, ant. open

2. soft copy

ant. print out, hard copy

3. bootleg software

pirate software

4. set

kit; choice; group

5. to surf

to browse

noun

verb

adjective

adverb

share

to share

shared

-

signature

to sign

signed

-

specification/ specifier

to specify

specific/ specified

specifically

storage

to store

stored/ storing

-

suspension, suspenders

to suspend

suspended/ suspendable

-

1. session B

A. area

2. software D

B. highjacking

3. shadow E

C. mode

4. storage A

D. maintenance

5. suspend C

E. memory

1. hard copy – soft copy – master copy

Soft copy is a digital version of information and hard copy is a printed version. Master copy is a template or original copy.

2. shareware – freeware – pirate software

Shareware is software which is free but you are expected to pay a shareware fee. Freeware is gratis software. Pirate software is software which is used with defiance of the copyright.

3. target language – programming language

Target language is the language that is output when a source(programming) language is translated; also called object language.

4. settings - setup

Settings are the parameters set. Setup is the way in which something is arranged or organized.

1. settings B

A. a combination of keys for quick work

2. shareware F

B. parameters

3. shortcut A

C. a program which is distributed without the compliance with the copyright law

4. shut down G

D. an image on the screen

5. soft copy D

E. interval

6. bootleg software C

F. programs that are distributed free for users to try them

7. space E

G. completion of the computer work

1. switched

switchgear, computer, device, equipment

2. specified

account, period, information

3. shifted

bit

4. shared

source, printer, information

1. session log

for identifying network users

2. silicon chip

for making CPU

3. task bar

for watching which programs are running and quick switching between them

4. settings

to customizing environment

5. signature

for certifying access

1. template

copy, sample

2. to terminate

to shut down, ant. to start

3. tool bar

tool box

4. to tune

to adjust

5. tracking

monitoring

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

terminal/ terminator/ termination

to terminate

terminal

-

trail/ trailer

to trail

trailing

-

update

to update

updated/ updatable

-

transmission/ transmitter

to transmit

transmittable/ transmission

-

transaction

to transact

transactional

transactionally

1. throughout B

A. period

2. tool D

B. capacity

3. trial A

C. face

4. turnkey E

D. bar

5. type C

E. system

1. to telecommute

A. to work at home with the help of computer connection with the office

2. terminate

B. to end, stop

3. to transmit

C. to convey from one place to another

4. to upgrade

D. to adapt to the prevailing conditions

5. to tune

E. to fit into current systems

Example

Type of logical relations

1. to work – to telecommute A

A. general and specific

2. to terminate – to start D

B. equivalence

3. tracking – monitoring B

C. part and whole

4. transceiver – transmitter C

D. contrast

1. terminated

process, program, access

2. tracked

information, object

3. transferred

file, information, data, image

4. updated

information, web page, system, software

5. turned off

computer, printer, device

1. telecommute

to communicate fast, to work at home

2. transaction processing

to send and retrieve information

3. troubleshooting

to prevent runtime errors

4. upgrade

to increase capacity

5. tune

to customize developers’ environment according to their requirements

1. usable

fit, suitable, ant. unsuitable

2. to verify

to validate

3. virtual

unreal, ant. real

4. to zoom

to scale

5. valid

actual, effective, right, ant. invalid, wrong

1. WWW

World Wide Web

2. ASAP

As Soon As Possible

3. ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

4. CUL8R

see you later

5. VR

Virtual Reality

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

user/ usage

to use

usable/ used

-

validation/ validity

to validate

in/valid

-

verification

to verify

verified/ verifiable

-

vision/ visibility/ visualization

to visualize

visible/ visual

visibly/ visually

volatility

-

volatile

-