Файл: Исаченко А.Г. Ландшафтоведение и физико-географическое районирование 1991.pdf

(

(

(
(
(
(
(
/0*".'$8(e',+*.-"A2$fa(="-13-$8%$8*;(',(="'&(*$66"-&,:@'0>(<$13+'0>(
7"',:@'"]*&2."-'0>($*:"/3AF((
B":@b3'*./"( :,'+b,=.'0>( .3#"/( #-&+*.,/:&'"( -,7:39'013( /,-3,'.,13( /(
"6"3>( #":$b,-3;>a( ',( -,7'0>( 2"'.3'&'.,>a( ,( '&-&+2"3( /( -,7'0>( *&2."-,>(
"+'"<"( 2"'.3'&'.,F( R( .,23>( *:$9,;>( 2( ',7/,'38( .3#,( #-36,/:;8.*;(
*""./&.*./$8%3&(d#3.&.0a($2,70/,8%3&(',(-&<3"',:@'$8(#-3$-"9&''"*.@a(,(
/( .&>( *:$9,;>a( 2"<+,( /,-3,'.0( "6$*:"/:&'0( 371&'&'3;13( *.&#&'3(
2"'.3'&'.,:@'"*.3a( ."( 3( ',( d.".( #-37',2F( N-31&-0( #":'0>( ',31&'"/,'3AJ(
:,'+b,=.0(

6"-&,:@'0&(

M.,&c'0&P(

$1&-&''"2"'.3'&'.,:@'0&(

/"*."9'"&/-"#&A*23&i( 6"-&,:@'0&( M.,&c'0&P( $1&-&''"2"'.3'&'.,:@'0&(
*&/&-",1&-32,'*23&i(

*$66"-&,:@'0&(

d2*.-,,-3+'0&(

M#$*.0''0&P(

-&72"2"'.3'&'.,:@'0&( *-&+'&,73,.*23&i( *$66"-&,:@'0&( d2*.-,,-3+'0&(
M#$*.0''0&P( 2-,A'&2"'.3'&'.,:@'0&( ?&'.-,:@'",73,.*23&F( N-3( #"/."-'"1(
$#"13','33(#"+"6'0>(',7/,'3A(3:3(2"<+,(37(2"'.&2*.,(;*'"a("(9&1(3+&.(-&9@a(
1"c'"( "6"A.3*@( *"2-,%&''013( "6"7',9&'3;13( M',#-31&-a( .,&c'0&(
/"*."9'"&/-"#&A*23&a( #$*.0''0&( *-&+'&,73,.*23&( :,'+b,=.0( 3( .F#FPF(
5,71&%&'3&(.3#"/(:,'+b,=."/(*$b3(#"2,7,'"(',(2,-.&(M-3*F(U^P(F((
},-,2.&-'0&( 9&-.0( :,'+b,=."/( 2,c+"<"( .3#,a( 2,2( #-,/3:"a( :$9b&( /*&<"(
/0-,c&'0(/(?&'.-&(&<"(,-&,:,i(',(#&-3=&-33(#";/:;8.*;(#-37',23(#&-&>"+,(

-/

*"*&+'31( .3#,1F( k."( "6*.";.&:@*./"( +,&.( "*'"/,'3&( #"+-,7+&:;.@( .3#0(
:,'+b,=."/( ',(

3$4#*392/

2"."-0&( ".-,c,8.( #"*.&#&''"*.@( 7"',:@'0>(

#&-&>"+"/F(R"(1'"<3>(.3#,>(:,'+b,=."/(&*.&*./&''"(/0;/:;8.*;(.-3(#"+.3#,(
X( *&/&-'0Aa( *-&+'3A( 3( 8c'0A( M',#-31&-a( /( .$'+-"/0>a( .,&c'0>a(
*$66"-&,:@'0>( *.&#'0>P( F( Q"( d."( '&( ;/:;&.*;( #-,/3:"1a( "*"6&''"( +:;( .&>(
:,'+b,=.'0>( .3#"/a( 2"."-0&( *,13( #"( *&6&( 31&8.( #&-&>"+'0A( >,-,2.&-(
M:&*".$'+-"/0&a( #"+.,&c'0&a( :&*"*.&#'0&a( *$6*-&+37&1'"1"-*23&( 3( +-FP( 3:3(
31&8.(

".'"*3.&:@'"(

'&6":@b"Aa(

'&-&+2"(

=-,<1&'.,-'0A(

,-&,:(

M#-3"2&,'39&*23&(:&*":$<"/0&(3a(:$<"/0&a(3('&2"."-0&(+-$<3&P(F(R(#"+"6'0>(
*:$9,;>( 1"c&.( 60.@( /0+&:&'"( +/,( #"+.3#,( 3:3( c&( .3#( :,'+b,=."/( /"/*&( '&(
-,*9:&';&.*;(',(#"+.3#0F((
Q,( *:&+$8%&A( .,2*"'"139&*2"A( *.$#&'3( /( 2:,**3=32,?38( //"+3.*;(
<3#*"1&.-39&*23A( =,2."-a( 2"."-0A( *:$c3.( 2-3.&-3&1( /0+&:&'3;(

-1(,,$"/ */

3$4-1(,,$"/1(54G()#$"2/

".-,c,8%3>(;-$*'0&(:,'+b,=.'0&(7,2"'"1&-'"*.3F(

):,/'01( /0*".'01( :,'+b,=.'01( $-"/';1( *""./&.*./$8.( +/,( 2:,**,(
:,'+b,=."/(X(-,/'3''0A(3(<"-'0AF(T(*$%&*./&''0>(-,7:393;>(1&c+$('313(
$c&( +"*.,."9'"( 60:"( *2,7,'"F( Q,#"1'31a( 9."( <:,/',;( ".:393.&:@',;(
"*"6&''"*.@( <"-'0>( :,'+b,=."/( X( ',:393&( /0*".'"A( #";*'"*.3F( R( *"*.,/&(
-,/'3''"<"( 2:,**,( -,7:39,8.*;( +/,( #"+2:,**,( X( '371&''0&( 3( /"7/0b&''0&(
:,'+b,=.0( M/( ."1( 3( +-$<"1( 1"<$.( 60.@( "*"60&( 6,-@&-'"]#-&+<"-'0&(
/,-3,'.0Pa( /( 2:,**&( <"-'0>( :,'+b,=."/( X( #"+2:,**0( '372"]a( *-&+'&]( 3(
/0*"2"<"-'0AF(

R(

/0+&:&'33(

#"+2:,**"/(

".-,c,&.*;(

#"*.&#&'',;(

.-,'*="-1,?3;( >,-,2.&-'0>( 7"',:@'"]*&2."-'0>( #-37',2"/( 2,c+"<"( .3#,( #"(
1&-&(',-,*.,'3;(/0*".0(',+($-"/'&1(1"-;F((

DVE(

(

(

(

R0*".'0&(#";*,($93.0/,8.*;(9&-&7(;-$*'"&(+&:&'3&(<"-'0>(:,'+b,=."/a(.F&F(
9&-&7( #"+2:,**0F( C,2( $c&( 60:"( *2,7,'"a( 2,c+"1$( .3#$( M,( .,2c&( #"+.3#$P(
:,'+b,=."/( #-3*$%( *#&?3=39&*23A( #":'0A( -;+a( 3:3( *#&2.-a( /0*".'0>(
#";*"/i(".+&:@'"1$( #"+2:,**$( "./&9,&.("#-&+&:&''0A( ".-&7"2(d."<"( *#&2.-,a(
.F&F(.".(3:3(3'"A(#";*(:36"(*"9&.,'3&(#";*"/(3(3>(=-,<1&'."/F((
Q,('3c'3>(*.$#&';>(:,'+b,=.'"A(2:,**3=32,?33(/(2,9&*./&("#-&+&:;8%&<"(
2-3.&-3;( /0*.$#,&.( =$'+,1&'.( :,'+b,=.,( X( &<"( #&.-"<-,=39&*23A( *"*.,/a(
*.-$2.$-'0&( "*"6&''"*.3a( ="-10( -&:@&=,F( o9&.( d."<"( 2-3.&-3;( +,&.(
"*'"/,'3;( +:;( /0+&:&'3;( /( 2"'&9'"1( *9&.&( 2:,**3=32,?3"''0>( &+3'3?(
',36":&&( +-"6'"<"( .,2*"'"139&*2"<"( $-"/';( X(

"*4$"/ 1(54G()#$">/

K,'+b,=.0( "+'"<"( /3+,( >,-,2.&-37$8.*;( ',36":@b31( 93*:"1( "6%3>(
#-37',2"/( 3( 1,2*31,:@'01( *>"+*./"1( /( <&'&73*&a( ',6"-&( 2"1#"'&'."/a(
*.-$2.$-&( 3( 1"-=":"<33F( O"-=":"<39&*2"&( *.-"&'3&( *:$c3.( "+'31( 37(
/&+$%3>( #-37',2"/( #-3( "6n&+3'&'33( 2"'2-&.'0>( :,'+b,=."/( /( /3+0F(
R3+"/"&(-,7'""6-,73&(:,'+b,=."/(9-&7/09,A'"(/&:32"F(l":@2"(',(.&--3."-33(
4445( ',*93.0/,8.*;( 1'"<3&( *".'3( /3+"/( :,'+b,=."/F( N-31&-0( /3+"/(
#-&+*.,/:&'0(',(-3*F(UGF((
O&c+$(

#"+2:,**"1(

3(

/3+"1(

1"c'"(

-,7:39,.@(

#-"1&c$."9'0&(

2:,**3=32,?3"''0&(*.$#&'3a('"("'3('&(31&8.(#-3'?3#3,:@'"<"(7',9&'3;(3(2(
."1$( c&( #"2,( '&+"*.,."9'"( ;*'"( "#-&+&:3:3*@( /( 2,9&*./&( $'3/&-*,:@'0>(
2,.&<"-3A(:,'+b,=.'"A(*3*.&1,.323F((
N-"3::8*.-3-$&1(/&*@(2:,**3=32,?3"''0A(-;+(',(+/$>(#-31&-,>J((

S(

(

(

•*3Z

(

:,'+b,=.0(6"-&,:@'0&(M.,&c'0&P($1&-&''"2"'.3'&'](
.,:@'0&(/"*."9'"&/-"#&A*23&(

3$4#*3Z

(

8c'".,&c'0&(

-1(,,Z

(

-,/'3''0&(

3$4-1(,,Z

( /"7/0b&''0&(

"*4Z

(

>":13*."]1"-&''0&(',(?"](
2":&(37(2,-6"',.'0>(#,:&](
"7"A*23>(#"-"+(

(

D(

(

(

•*3Z

(

:,'+b,=.0(*$66"-&,:@'0&(d2*.-,,-3+'0&(M#$*.0''0&P((
2-,A'&](2"'.3'&'.,:@'0&(?&'.-,:@'",73,.*23&(

3$4#*3Z

(

*&/&-'0&(#$*.0''0&(

-1(,,Z

(

<"-'0&(

3$4-1(,,Z

( /0*"2"<"-'0&(

"*4Z

(

*2:,+9,."]<:06"/0&(',((

+"2&16-3A*23>(#"-"+,>(*((

2"6-&73&/013(#$*."b,13((

3(2,1&'3*.013(-"**0#;13(

(

N&-&>"+31(

-/

2-,.2"1$("67"-$(.3#"/(:,'+b,=."/(7&1'"<"(b,-,F(

(

DV^(

(

(

(

(

(

(

53*F(U^F(j"',:@'0&(<-$##0(.3#"/(:,'+b,=."/(j&1:3J(

S( X( #":;-'0&( :&+'32"/0&a( D( X( ,-2.39&*23&( 3( ,'.,-2.39&*23&( /'&:&+'32"/0&a( V( X( *$6,-2.'9**23&(
M.$'+-"/0&Pa(U(X(6"-&,:@'"]*$6,-2.39&*23&(M:&*".$'+-"/0&Pa(I(X(6"-&,:@'"]*$6,-2.'9&*23&(#-3"2&,'39&*23&(
M:&*"]:$<"/0&Pa( E( X( 6"-&,:@'0&( M.,&c'0&Pa( ^( X( 6"-&,:@'"]*$66"-&,:@'0&( M#"+.,&c'0&Pa( G( X( *$66"-&,:@'0&(
<$13+'0&(Mb3-"2":3*./&''":&*'0&Pa(WX(*$6*-&+37&1'"1"-*23&a(ST(X(*$66"-&,:@'0&(1$**"''0&a(#&-&>"+'0&(
2( *$6.-"#39&*231a( SSX( *$66"-&,:@'0&( *&13<$13+'0&( M:&*"*.&#'0&Pa( SD( *$66"-&,:@'0&( *&13,-3+'0&(
M*.&#'0&Pa(SV(*$66"-&,:@'0&(,-3+'0&(M#":$#$*.0''0&Pa(SU(X(*$66"-&,:@'0&(d2*.-,,-3+'0&(M#$*.0'(

(

(

(

(

(

(

'0&Pa( SI( X( *$6.-"#39&*23&( <$13+'0&( M/:,c'0&( :&*'0&Pa( SI( X( *$6.-"#39&*23&( 731'&<$13+'0&(
M*-&+37&1'"1"-*23&Pa( S^( X( *$6.-"#39&*23&( *&13<$13+'0&( M:&*"*.&#'0&P( 3( *&13,-3+'0&( M*.&#'0&Pa( SG( X(
*$6.-"#39&*23&( ,-3+'0&( M#":$#$*.0''0&P( 3( d2*.-,,-3+'0&( M#$*.0''0&Pa( SW( X( .-"#39&*23&( d2*.-,,-3+'0&(
M#$*.0''0&Pa(DT(X(*$6d2/,."-3,:@'"].-"#39&*23&(,-3+'@'(M"#$*.0'&''"]*,/,''"/0&Pa(DS(X(*$6d2/,."-3,:@'"]
.-"#39&*23&( *&13,-3+'0&( M.3#39'0&( *,/,''"/0&Pa( DD( X( *$6d2/,."-3,:@'"].-"#39&*23&( *&13<$13+'0&(
M/:,c'"]*,/,''"/0&a(:&*"*,/,''"/0&Pa(DG(X(.-"#39&*23&(<$13+'0&(M/:,c'0&(:&*'0&a(d2*#"73?3"''0&Pa(DU(X(
*$6d2/,."-3,:@'0&(*&7"''"]<$13+'0&(M:&*'0&(#&-&1&''"]/:,c'0&Pa(DI(d2/,."-3,:@'0&(M/:,c'0&((
:&*'0&P(

(

(

(

(

(

(

53*F(UGF(L-,<1&'.(:,'+b,=.'"A(2,-.0(v&'.-,:@'"A(h/-"#0F(

‹'5#%(175$'"%$3'.,-*'/ ,A00$%'(1759'/ &A6*459'/ IG*%$-$1*,#"'55$1',59'J/ 1(54G()#9>/ E*:6'559'Z/ L/ 8/

,::8/3,:@'0&( .&--,*3-"/,''0&( M/2:89,;( +":3'0( 2-$#'0>( -&2Pa( D( ,::8/3,:@'0&( #&*9,'0&( *( d":"/013(
="-1,13a( V( 1"-&''0&( /( "6:,*.3( 1,2*31,:@'"<"( ":&+&'&'3;a(

"$:"9G'559'Z/ j/ 8/

:˜**"/0&a(

\/ 8/

#:,*."/0&( ',(

1&7"7"A*23>(1&-<&:;>a(

p/8/

#:,*."/0&(',(1&7"7"A*23>(37/&*.';2,>a(

k/

#:,*."/0&(',(1&7"7"A*23>(#&*9,'32,>a(

l/

/'$.-3<"-'0&(2".:"/3''0&a(

m/8/

#-&+<"-'0&(>":13*.0&(',('&"<&'"/0>(1":,**,>a(ST(X(/0*"23&(M#&-&>"+'0*(2(

'372"<"-'01P( 2$d*."/0&( ',( 8-*23>( 37/&*.';2,>a( SS( X( /0*"23&( M#&-&>"+'0&( 2( '372"<"-'01P( #-&+<"-'0&( *(
:&+'32"/"A( 3( /"+'"]:&+'32"/"A( ,22$1$:;?3&Aa( SD( X( ?"2":@'0&( >":13*.0&( ',( 2-3*.,::39&*23>( #"-"+,>i(

5*:-$&$%59'Z/ L[/ 8/

=:3b&/0&a(

Lj/ 8/

37/&*.';2"/0&a( SI( #&*9,'32"/"]*:,'?&/0&( M<&-?3'*23&( 1,**3/0Pa( SE(

2-3*.,::39&*23&a( S^( X( :,/"/0&i(

,%'45'&$%59'Z/

SG( X( 37/&*.';2"/0&a(

Lm/ 8/

#&*9,'32"/"]*:,'?&/0&a( DT( X(

2-3*.,::39&*23&i(

"9,$-$&$%59'Z/

DS( X( '&-,*9:&'&''0&a( DD( X( <"-'0&( :&+'323F(

_(54G()#9/ 1',$,#'35$&$/

#*3(Z/M[/8/

'&-,*9:&'&''0&(

(

!-(0"*2#'/':"/:-(0"*2#'()*$+),&2

(

(

K,'+b,=.,1( /0*"23>( b3-".( #-3*$%,( ',36":&&( '372,;( .&#:"]"6&*#&9&''"*.@F( N"(
$/:,c'&'38( "'3( /( "*'"/'"1( ".'"*;.*;( 2( <$13+'01( .3#,1F( j+&*@( -,7:39,&.*;(
'&*2":@2"(7"',:@'0>(<-$##F((

!-(0"*2#'4)"8&/6#78/#'/')*&)"8&/6#78/#9'(#$*/8-.2#'()*$+),&2;'

4"/-&1&''"&(

#"2-"/'"&( ":&+&'&'3&( 7,'31,&.( ',36":@b$8( #:"%,+@( /( 8c'"1( #":$b,-33(
M`'.,-2.39&*23A( :&+'32"/0A( #"2-"/a( SU( 1:'F( 21

D

P( F( Q,( *$b&( *&/&-'"<"( #":$b,-3;(

*'&<"/,;(:3'3;('3<+&('&(

(

DUT(

(