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Прочитайте предложения, письменно их переведите. Найдите и подчеркните в них независимый причастный оборот.
Model: Mу colleaguebeingaway,I had to take the decision myself. –
Так как мой товарищ по работе отсутствовал, мне пришлось самому принять решение.
1. With his numerous experiments being over, Newton was able to write
his work very quickly.
2. Radioactivity discovered, we made great progress in atomic physics.
3. The fuel burnt out, the engine stopped.
Задание 4.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и ука-жите, какую функцию в предложении он выполняет. Переведите предло-жения.
Model: He stopped tospeak to Mary. – Он остановился, чтобы поговорить с Мэри. (Функция – обстоятельство цели).
1. Combination of radial and convective heat transfers are used to improve the effectiveness of heat transfer.
2. The materials to be used for the construction of the modern boilers
are described in this book.
3. To design new buildings is the work of an architect.
4. Radar may control the brakes to avoid collisions with other cars.
5. High temperature alloys make it possible for jet engines to be operating under severe conditions for a long period of time.
Задание 5.Перепишите предложения. Определите Complex Object/ Complex Subject. Предложения переведите.
Model: We know Professor N. (him) to be a good specialist in this field. – Мы знаем, что профессор Н. (он) хороший специалист в этой области. (Complex Object).
1. The file seems to be copied to the hard disk at the moment.
2. The teacher expected the students to hand in the tests at once.
3. The tickets were supposed to be sold in the afternoon.
4. The inspector would like you to explain everything to him.
Задание 6.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните герундий и опреде-лите его функцию в предложении. Предложения переведите.
Model: His favorite occupation is reading. – Его любимое занятие – чтение (читать). (Функция – часть составного сказуемого).
1. Stеam is an important factor in producing usable energy because
of the power being crеated by its expаnsion.
2. I like going in for tennis.
3. A mоtоr – stаrter is a dеvice for stаrting motors from rest by the simple act of clоsing the switch.
4. The white line in the centre of the road is one of the most effective means of controlling traffic.
5. When steam is needed within the power plant itself for heating boiler feed water, nonautomatic extraction is generally used.
Задание 7. Перепишите и переведите условные предложения.
1. If people were a little more tolerant our world would be a better place.
2. If my father had locked his car properly his car would never have been stolen.
3. If the ozone layer peels off a little more we will run a much higher risk
of attracting skin cancer.
Задание 8.Прочитайте текст, перепишите его и переведите письменно 2-й, 4-й и 5-й абзацы.
Electric power systems
1. The production and transmission of energy in the form of electricity have important economic advantages in terms of cost per unit of power delivered. Electric power systems also make possible the utilization of hydroelectric power
at a distance from the source. Alternating current (AC) is generally used in modern power systems, because it may be easily converted to higher or lower voltages
by means of transformers.
2. Thus, each stage of the system can be operated at an appropriate voltage. Such an electric power system consists of six main elements: the power station;
a set of transformers to raise the generated power to the high voltages used
on the transmission lines; the transmission lines; the substations at which
the power is stepped down to the voltage on the sub transmission lines; the sub transmission lines; and the transformers that lower the sub transmission voltage
to the level used by the consumer's equipment.
3. In a typical system the generators at the central station deliver a voltage
of from 1000 to 26,000 volts (V); higher voltages are undesirable because
of difficulties of insulation and the danger of electrical breakdown and damage. This voltage is stepped up by means of transformers to values ranging from 138,000 to 765,000 V for the primary transmission line. At the substation the voltage may be transformed down to levels of 69,000 to 138,000 V for further transfer on the sub transmission system. Transformers step down the voltage again to a distribution level. Finally the voltage is transformed once again at the distri-bution transformer near the point of use to 240 or 120 V.
4. The central station of a power system consists of a prime mover,
such as a water or steam turbine, which operates an electric generator. Most
of the world's electric power in the early 1990s was generated in steam plants driven by coal, oil, nuclear energy, or gas, with lesser percentages generated
by hydroelectric, diesel, and internal-combustion plants.
5. The lines of high-voltage transmission systems are usually composed
of wires of copper, aluminum, which are suspended from tall latticework towers
of steel by strings of porcelain insulators. By the use of clad steel wires and high towers, the distance between towers can be increased, and the cost of the trans-mission line thus reduced. In modern installations with essentially straight paths, high-voltage lines may be built with as few as eight towers to the kilometer.
In some areas high-voltage lines are suspended from tall wooden poles spaced more closely together. For lower voltage sub transmission and distribution lines, wooden poles are generally used rather than steel towers. In cities and other areas where open lines create a hazard, insulated underground cables are used for distri-bution. Any electric-distribution system involves a large amount of supplementary equipment for the protection of generators, transformers, and the transmission lines themselves. The system often includes devices designed to regulate the voltage delivered to consumers and to correct the power factor of the system.
Задание 9.Письменно ответьте на вопросы к вышеприведенному тексту.
1. Why alternating current (AC) is generally used in modern power systems?
2. What does the central station of a power system consist of?
3. What are generally used for lower voltage sub transmission and distri-bution lines?
4. What kind of equipment is used for protection of generators, transformers, and the transmission lines?
Задание 10. Используя данные слова, составьте предложения:
1) elements, system, an, power, six, of, consists, main, electric;
2) are, underground, for, cables, in, used, cities, distribution;
3) voltage, each, of, system, the, appropriate, can be, at, stage, operated, an.
Задание 11. Поставьте предложение в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
The central station of a power system consists of a prime mover.
Вариант 4
Задание 1.Прочитайте и перепишите предложения, используя нужную форму причастия, образованную от глагола в скобках. Переведите предло-жения на русский язык.
1. (To graduate) from Cambridge, Newton worked there as a tutor.
2. The instrument (to use) is very reiable.
3. (To build) in the middle of the last century, the British Museum is situated in central London.
Задание 2.
Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их. Подчеркните причастие и в скобках укажите, какую функцию в предложении оно выполняет.
Model: The man waiting for you has come from Paris. – Человек, ожидающий вас, приехал из Парижа. (Функция – определение).
1. Thermal analysis concerning combustion involves the heat and the tempe-rature.
2. Each disk carrying the moving blades is perforated thus maintaining
the same pressure on both sides of the wheel.
3. When asked he brought the papers.
4. Oxford is old and historical because it has existed since 912.
Задание 3.Прочитайте предложения, письменно их переведите. Найдите и подчеркните в них независимый причастный оборот.
Model: Mу colleaguebeingaway,I had to take the decision myself. –
Так как мой товарищ по работе отсутствовал, мне пришлось самому принять решение.
1. The inventor was demonstrating his new device, with the workers watching its operation attentively.
2. Hydrogen consisting of discrete particles is a molecule, each one made up of 2 hydrogen atoms.
3. The first question of the agenda having been decided upon, the conference passed the resolution.
Задание 4.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и ука-жите, какую функцию в предложении он выполняет. Переведите предло-жения.
Model: He stopped tospeak to Mary. – Он остановился, чтобы поговорить с Мэри. (Функция – обстоятельство цели).
1. The tubes to be made of this metal will be used in different kinds
of boilers.
2. An economizer and an air heater are provided to cool the products
of combustion to the low temperature necessary for high efficiency.
3. To master English we must work regularly.
4. The radar detects the stationary objects ahead of the саг to warn the driver about them and slow down the speed.
5. We had fresh water to drink.
Задание 5.Перепишите предложения. Определите Complex Object/ Complex Subject. Предложения переведите.
Model: We know Professor N. (him) to be a good specialist in this field. – Мы знаем, что профессор Н. (он) хороший специалист в этой области. (Complex Object).
1. They had the man do what they wanted.
2. We believe it to be the best way out of this situation.
3. The construction company is believed to have concluded 2 big contracts.
4. The language of the article turned out to be quite easy.
Задание 6.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните герундий и опреде-лите его функцию в предложении. Предложения переведите.
Model: His favorite occupation is reading. – Его любимое занятие – чтение (читать). (Функция – часть составного сказуемого).
1. On being turned on the radar will warn the driver of stationary or slow-moving objects on the road.
2. One of the problems modern research laboratories are working at is the problem of finding materials that can serve as electrical conductors in fusion reactors.
3. A constant speed of the device is maintained by supplying it with energy.
4. He finished reading the book.
5. It is important for industries to investigate the possibility of recovering
the millions of calories of heat that are lost every day.
Задание 7. Перепишите и переведите условные предложения.
1. I would never feel comfortable on a plane if I knew it's the pilot's maiden trip.
2. A dog will never bite you if you look it straight in the eyes, I'm told
3. The first thing I will do is drive to Spain if I get my driving licence.
Задание 8.Прочитайте текст, перепишите его и переведите письменно 1-й, 3-й и 4-й абзацы.
Current electricity
1. If two equally and oppositely charged bodies are connected by a metallic conductor such as a wire, the charges neutralize each other. This neutralization
is accomplished by means of a flow of electrons through the conductor from
the negatively charged body to the positively charged one. (In some branches
of electrical engineering, electric current has been conventionally assumed to flow in the opposite direction, that is, from positive to negative.)
2. In any continuous system of conductors, electrons will flow from the point of lowest potential to the point of highest potential. A system of this kind is called an electric current. The current flowing in a circuit is described as direct current (DC) if it flows continuously in one direction, and as alternating current (AC)
if it flows alternately in either direction.
3. Three interdependent quantities determine the flow of direct currents.
The first is the potential difference in the circuit, which is sometimes called
the electromotive force (emf) or voltage. The second is the rate of current flow. This quantity is usually given in terms of the ampere, which corresponds to a flow of about 6 250 000 000 000 000 000 electrons per sec past any point of the circuit. The third quantity is the resistance of the circuit. Under ordinary conditions all substances, conductors as well as nonconductors, offer some opposition to the flow of an electric current, and this resistance necessarily limits the current. The unit used for expressing the quantity of resistance is the ohm (V), which is defined
as the amount of resistance that will limit the flow of current to 1 amp, in a circuit with a potential difference of 1 V. This relationship is known as Ohm’s law
and is named after the German physicist George Simon Ohm, who discovered
the law in 1827. Ohm’s law may be stated in the form of the algebraic equation
E = I R, in which E is the electromotive force in volts, I is the current in amperes, and R is the resistance in ohms. From this equation any of the three quantities
for a given circuit can be calculated if the other two quantities are known. Another formulation of Ohm’s law is I = E/R.
4. When an electric current flows through a wire, two important effects
can be observed: the temperature of the wire is raised, and a magnet or a compass needle placed near the wire will be deflected, tending to point in a direction perpendicular to the wire. As the current flows, the electrons making up the current collide with the atoms of the conductor and give up energy, which appears
in the form of heat. The amount of energy expended in an electric circuit
is expressed in terms of the joule.
Задание 9.Письменно ответьте на вопросы к вышеприведенному тексту.
1. In which direction electrons will flow in any continuous system of con-ductors?
2. What quantity is usually given in terms of the ampere?
3. How do we call the unit used for expressing the quantity of resistance?
4. What can be observed when an electric current flows through a wire?
Задание 10. Используя данные слова, составьте предложения:
1) of, second, the, is, rate, the, flow, current;
2) is, the, raised, temperature, of, the, wire;
3) other, charges, the, each, neutralize.
Задание 11. Поставьте предложение в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
The amount of energy expended in an electric circuit is expressed in terms
of the joule.
Вариант 5
Задание 1.Прочитайте и перепишите предложения, используя нужную форму причастия, образованную от глагола в скобках. Переведите предло-жения на русский язык.
1. (To publish) in 1687, Newton's laws of motion are still the basis
for research.
2. If (to heat) to 100 °C, water turns into steam.
3. (To invent) the digital technology solved the old problems of noise
in signal transmission.
Задание 2. Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их. Подчеркните причастие и в скобках укажите, какую функцию в предложении оно выполняет.
Model: The man waiting for you has come from Paris. – Человек, ожидающий вас, приехал из Парижа. (Функция – определение).
1. All the work done by the turbine comes from the energy in the steam flowing through the turbine.
2. The steam impinges on the wheel blades causing the wheel to rotate.
3. The city of Oxford is situated on the river Thames.
4. The narrowest part of the English Channel called the Strait of Dover is only 22 miles wide.
Задание 3.Прочитайте предложения, письменно их переведите. Найдите и подчеркните в них независимый причастный оборот.
Model: Mу colleaguebeingaway,I had to take the decision myself. –
Так как мой товарищ по работе отсутствовал, мне пришлось самому принять решение.
1. With the first steam engine built in the 17-th century, people began to use them in factories.
2. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordi-nary methods.
3. Electrical devices find a wide application in every house, a refrigerator being one of them.
Задание 4.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и ука-жите, какую функцию в предложении он выполняет. Переведите предло-жения.
Model: He stopped tospeak to Mary. – Он остановился, чтобы пого-ворить с Мэри. (Функция – обстоятельство цели).
1. The function of the economizer is to supply the boiler with wet steam
and feed water.
2. To overcome the limited output at the exhaust end turbines are usually
of multi-cylinder type.
3. She gave us a list of books to read.
4. To increase the speed, the designers have to improve the aircraft shape and engine efficiency.
5. Не doesn't like to translate technical articles.
Задание 5.Перепишите предложения. Определите Complex Object/ Complex Subject. Предложения переведите.
Model: We know Professor N. (him) to be a good specialist in this field. – Мы знаем, что профессор Н. (он) хороший специалист в этой области. (Complex Object).
1. They expect the meeting to be over soon.
2. The company is expected to make profit this year.
3. Mary appeared to have moved in a new flat.
4. We saw the postman slip a thick envelope into the box.
Задание 6.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните герундий и опреде-лите его функцию в предложении. Предложения переведите.
Model: His favorite occupation is reading. – Его любимое занятие – чтение (читать). (Функция – часть составного сказуемого
Model: Mу colleaguebeingaway,I had to take the decision myself. –
Так как мой товарищ по работе отсутствовал, мне пришлось самому принять решение.
1. With his numerous experiments being over, Newton was able to write
his work very quickly.
2. Radioactivity discovered, we made great progress in atomic physics.
3. The fuel burnt out, the engine stopped.
Задание 4.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и ука-жите, какую функцию в предложении он выполняет. Переведите предло-жения.
Model: He stopped tospeak to Mary. – Он остановился, чтобы поговорить с Мэри. (Функция – обстоятельство цели).
1. Combination of radial and convective heat transfers are used to improve the effectiveness of heat transfer.
2. The materials to be used for the construction of the modern boilers
are described in this book.
3. To design new buildings is the work of an architect.
4. Radar may control the brakes to avoid collisions with other cars.
5. High temperature alloys make it possible for jet engines to be operating under severe conditions for a long period of time.
Задание 5.Перепишите предложения. Определите Complex Object/ Complex Subject. Предложения переведите.
Model: We know Professor N. (him) to be a good specialist in this field. – Мы знаем, что профессор Н. (он) хороший специалист в этой области. (Complex Object).
1. The file seems to be copied to the hard disk at the moment.
2. The teacher expected the students to hand in the tests at once.
3. The tickets were supposed to be sold in the afternoon.
4. The inspector would like you to explain everything to him.
Задание 6.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните герундий и опреде-лите его функцию в предложении. Предложения переведите.
Model: His favorite occupation is reading. – Его любимое занятие – чтение (читать). (Функция – часть составного сказуемого).
1. Stеam is an important factor in producing usable energy because
of the power being crеated by its expаnsion.
2. I like going in for tennis.
3. A mоtоr – stаrter is a dеvice for stаrting motors from rest by the simple act of clоsing the switch.
4. The white line in the centre of the road is one of the most effective means of controlling traffic.
5. When steam is needed within the power plant itself for heating boiler feed water, nonautomatic extraction is generally used.
Задание 7. Перепишите и переведите условные предложения.
1. If people were a little more tolerant our world would be a better place.
2. If my father had locked his car properly his car would never have been stolen.
3. If the ozone layer peels off a little more we will run a much higher risk
of attracting skin cancer.
Задание 8.Прочитайте текст, перепишите его и переведите письменно 2-й, 4-й и 5-й абзацы.
Electric power systems
1. The production and transmission of energy in the form of electricity have important economic advantages in terms of cost per unit of power delivered. Electric power systems also make possible the utilization of hydroelectric power
at a distance from the source. Alternating current (AC) is generally used in modern power systems, because it may be easily converted to higher or lower voltages
by means of transformers.
2. Thus, each stage of the system can be operated at an appropriate voltage. Such an electric power system consists of six main elements: the power station;
a set of transformers to raise the generated power to the high voltages used
on the transmission lines; the transmission lines; the substations at which
the power is stepped down to the voltage on the sub transmission lines; the sub transmission lines; and the transformers that lower the sub transmission voltage
to the level used by the consumer's equipment.
3. In a typical system the generators at the central station deliver a voltage
of from 1000 to 26,000 volts (V); higher voltages are undesirable because
of difficulties of insulation and the danger of electrical breakdown and damage. This voltage is stepped up by means of transformers to values ranging from 138,000 to 765,000 V for the primary transmission line. At the substation the voltage may be transformed down to levels of 69,000 to 138,000 V for further transfer on the sub transmission system. Transformers step down the voltage again to a distribution level. Finally the voltage is transformed once again at the distri-bution transformer near the point of use to 240 or 120 V.
4. The central station of a power system consists of a prime mover,
such as a water or steam turbine, which operates an electric generator. Most
of the world's electric power in the early 1990s was generated in steam plants driven by coal, oil, nuclear energy, or gas, with lesser percentages generated
by hydroelectric, diesel, and internal-combustion plants.
5. The lines of high-voltage transmission systems are usually composed
of wires of copper, aluminum, which are suspended from tall latticework towers
of steel by strings of porcelain insulators. By the use of clad steel wires and high towers, the distance between towers can be increased, and the cost of the trans-mission line thus reduced. In modern installations with essentially straight paths, high-voltage lines may be built with as few as eight towers to the kilometer.
In some areas high-voltage lines are suspended from tall wooden poles spaced more closely together. For lower voltage sub transmission and distribution lines, wooden poles are generally used rather than steel towers. In cities and other areas where open lines create a hazard, insulated underground cables are used for distri-bution. Any electric-distribution system involves a large amount of supplementary equipment for the protection of generators, transformers, and the transmission lines themselves. The system often includes devices designed to regulate the voltage delivered to consumers and to correct the power factor of the system.
Задание 9.Письменно ответьте на вопросы к вышеприведенному тексту.
1. Why alternating current (AC) is generally used in modern power systems?
2. What does the central station of a power system consist of?
3. What are generally used for lower voltage sub transmission and distri-bution lines?
4. What kind of equipment is used for protection of generators, transformers, and the transmission lines?
Задание 10. Используя данные слова, составьте предложения:
1) elements, system, an, power, six, of, consists, main, electric;
2) are, underground, for, cables, in, used, cities, distribution;
3) voltage, each, of, system, the, appropriate, can be, at, stage, operated, an.
Задание 11. Поставьте предложение в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
The central station of a power system consists of a prime mover.
Вариант 4
Задание 1.Прочитайте и перепишите предложения, используя нужную форму причастия, образованную от глагола в скобках. Переведите предло-жения на русский язык.
1. (To graduate) from Cambridge, Newton worked there as a tutor.
2. The instrument (to use) is very reiable.
3. (To build) in the middle of the last century, the British Museum is situated in central London.
Задание 2.
Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их. Подчеркните причастие и в скобках укажите, какую функцию в предложении оно выполняет.
Model: The man waiting for you has come from Paris. – Человек, ожидающий вас, приехал из Парижа. (Функция – определение).
1. Thermal analysis concerning combustion involves the heat and the tempe-rature.
2. Each disk carrying the moving blades is perforated thus maintaining
the same pressure on both sides of the wheel.
3. When asked he brought the papers.
4. Oxford is old and historical because it has existed since 912.
Задание 3.Прочитайте предложения, письменно их переведите. Найдите и подчеркните в них независимый причастный оборот.
Model: Mу colleaguebeingaway,I had to take the decision myself. –
Так как мой товарищ по работе отсутствовал, мне пришлось самому принять решение.
1. The inventor was demonstrating his new device, with the workers watching its operation attentively.
2. Hydrogen consisting of discrete particles is a molecule, each one made up of 2 hydrogen atoms.
3. The first question of the agenda having been decided upon, the conference passed the resolution.
Задание 4.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и ука-жите, какую функцию в предложении он выполняет. Переведите предло-жения.
Model: He stopped tospeak to Mary. – Он остановился, чтобы поговорить с Мэри. (Функция – обстоятельство цели).
1. The tubes to be made of this metal will be used in different kinds
of boilers.
2. An economizer and an air heater are provided to cool the products
of combustion to the low temperature necessary for high efficiency.
3. To master English we must work regularly.
4. The radar detects the stationary objects ahead of the саг to warn the driver about them and slow down the speed.
5. We had fresh water to drink.
Задание 5.Перепишите предложения. Определите Complex Object/ Complex Subject. Предложения переведите.
Model: We know Professor N. (him) to be a good specialist in this field. – Мы знаем, что профессор Н. (он) хороший специалист в этой области. (Complex Object).
1. They had the man do what they wanted.
2. We believe it to be the best way out of this situation.
3. The construction company is believed to have concluded 2 big contracts.
4. The language of the article turned out to be quite easy.
Задание 6.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните герундий и опреде-лите его функцию в предложении. Предложения переведите.
Model: His favorite occupation is reading. – Его любимое занятие – чтение (читать). (Функция – часть составного сказуемого).
1. On being turned on the radar will warn the driver of stationary or slow-moving objects on the road.
2. One of the problems modern research laboratories are working at is the problem of finding materials that can serve as electrical conductors in fusion reactors.
3. A constant speed of the device is maintained by supplying it with energy.
4. He finished reading the book.
5. It is important for industries to investigate the possibility of recovering
the millions of calories of heat that are lost every day.
Задание 7. Перепишите и переведите условные предложения.
1. I would never feel comfortable on a plane if I knew it's the pilot's maiden trip.
2. A dog will never bite you if you look it straight in the eyes, I'm told
3. The first thing I will do is drive to Spain if I get my driving licence.
Задание 8.Прочитайте текст, перепишите его и переведите письменно 1-й, 3-й и 4-й абзацы.
Current electricity
1. If two equally and oppositely charged bodies are connected by a metallic conductor such as a wire, the charges neutralize each other. This neutralization
is accomplished by means of a flow of electrons through the conductor from
the negatively charged body to the positively charged one. (In some branches
of electrical engineering, electric current has been conventionally assumed to flow in the opposite direction, that is, from positive to negative.)
2. In any continuous system of conductors, electrons will flow from the point of lowest potential to the point of highest potential. A system of this kind is called an electric current. The current flowing in a circuit is described as direct current (DC) if it flows continuously in one direction, and as alternating current (AC)
if it flows alternately in either direction.
3. Three interdependent quantities determine the flow of direct currents.
The first is the potential difference in the circuit, which is sometimes called
the electromotive force (emf) or voltage. The second is the rate of current flow. This quantity is usually given in terms of the ampere, which corresponds to a flow of about 6 250 000 000 000 000 000 electrons per sec past any point of the circuit. The third quantity is the resistance of the circuit. Under ordinary conditions all substances, conductors as well as nonconductors, offer some opposition to the flow of an electric current, and this resistance necessarily limits the current. The unit used for expressing the quantity of resistance is the ohm (V), which is defined
as the amount of resistance that will limit the flow of current to 1 amp, in a circuit with a potential difference of 1 V. This relationship is known as Ohm’s law
and is named after the German physicist George Simon Ohm, who discovered
the law in 1827. Ohm’s law may be stated in the form of the algebraic equation
E = I R, in which E is the electromotive force in volts, I is the current in amperes, and R is the resistance in ohms. From this equation any of the three quantities
for a given circuit can be calculated if the other two quantities are known. Another formulation of Ohm’s law is I = E/R.
4. When an electric current flows through a wire, two important effects
can be observed: the temperature of the wire is raised, and a magnet or a compass needle placed near the wire will be deflected, tending to point in a direction perpendicular to the wire. As the current flows, the electrons making up the current collide with the atoms of the conductor and give up energy, which appears
in the form of heat. The amount of energy expended in an electric circuit
is expressed in terms of the joule.
Задание 9.Письменно ответьте на вопросы к вышеприведенному тексту.
1. In which direction electrons will flow in any continuous system of con-ductors?
2. What quantity is usually given in terms of the ampere?
3. How do we call the unit used for expressing the quantity of resistance?
4. What can be observed when an electric current flows through a wire?
Задание 10. Используя данные слова, составьте предложения:
1) of, second, the, is, rate, the, flow, current;
2) is, the, raised, temperature, of, the, wire;
3) other, charges, the, each, neutralize.
Задание 11. Поставьте предложение в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
The amount of energy expended in an electric circuit is expressed in terms
of the joule.
Вариант 5
Задание 1.Прочитайте и перепишите предложения, используя нужную форму причастия, образованную от глагола в скобках. Переведите предло-жения на русский язык.
1. (To publish) in 1687, Newton's laws of motion are still the basis
for research.
2. If (to heat) to 100 °C, water turns into steam.
3. (To invent) the digital technology solved the old problems of noise
in signal transmission.
Задание 2. Перепишите предложения. Письменно переведите их. Подчеркните причастие и в скобках укажите, какую функцию в предложении оно выполняет.
Model: The man waiting for you has come from Paris. – Человек, ожидающий вас, приехал из Парижа. (Функция – определение).
1. All the work done by the turbine comes from the energy in the steam flowing through the turbine.
2. The steam impinges on the wheel blades causing the wheel to rotate.
3. The city of Oxford is situated on the river Thames.
4. The narrowest part of the English Channel called the Strait of Dover is only 22 miles wide.
Задание 3.Прочитайте предложения, письменно их переведите. Найдите и подчеркните в них независимый причастный оборот.
Model: Mу colleaguebeingaway,I had to take the decision myself. –
Так как мой товарищ по работе отсутствовал, мне пришлось самому принять решение.
1. With the first steam engine built in the 17-th century, people began to use them in factories.
2. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordi-nary methods.
3. Electrical devices find a wide application in every house, a refrigerator being one of them.
Задание 4.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и ука-жите, какую функцию в предложении он выполняет. Переведите предло-жения.
Model: He stopped tospeak to Mary. – Он остановился, чтобы пого-ворить с Мэри. (Функция – обстоятельство цели).
1. The function of the economizer is to supply the boiler with wet steam
and feed water.
2. To overcome the limited output at the exhaust end turbines are usually
of multi-cylinder type.
3. She gave us a list of books to read.
4. To increase the speed, the designers have to improve the aircraft shape and engine efficiency.
5. Не doesn't like to translate technical articles.
Задание 5.Перепишите предложения. Определите Complex Object/ Complex Subject. Предложения переведите.
Model: We know Professor N. (him) to be a good specialist in this field. – Мы знаем, что профессор Н. (он) хороший специалист в этой области. (Complex Object).
1. They expect the meeting to be over soon.
2. The company is expected to make profit this year.
3. Mary appeared to have moved in a new flat.
4. We saw the postman slip a thick envelope into the box.
Задание 6.Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните герундий и опреде-лите его функцию в предложении. Предложения переведите.
Model: His favorite occupation is reading. – Его любимое занятие – чтение (читать). (Функция – часть составного сказуемого