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ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɢ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɟɣ
,
ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ
,
ɞɜɢɠɭɬɫɹ
,
ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ
,
ɨɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ
ɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɤ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɦ
,
ɚ ɫ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ
–
ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
,
ɢ ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɪɚɜɟɧ ɧɭɥɸ
.
ȼ
ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚɯ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɨɜ
,
ɚ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɢ
ɢɯ
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɹɦ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
,
ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɬɟɪɦɨ
-
ɷ
.
ɞ
.
ɫ
.
ɭ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɦɚɥɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɚɦɢ
.
ɂɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɚɹ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ
'
V
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ
,
ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɟ ɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɯ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɚ ɫ
ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɦ
,
ɢ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ
.
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɬɟɪɦɨ
-
ɷ
.
ɞ
.
ɫ
. (
ɜ
ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ
«
ɬɟɪɦɨ
-
ɷ
.
ɞ
.
ɫ
.»)
ɪɚɜɟɧ ɩɨ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ
:
T
V
'
'
lim
0
D
.
(5.19)
'
T
o
0
ɉɪɢ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ
ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɯ
ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ
ɬɨɤɚ
ɜ
ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɟ
(10
15
–10
19
ɫɦ
-3
)
ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɬɟɪɦɨ
-
ɷ
.
ɞ
.
ɫ
.,
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ
:
)
2
3
(
3
*
2
3
2
2
3
5
2
0
3
2
0
r
n
e
Tm
k
=
S
D
,
(5.20)
ɝɞɟ
k
0
–
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹ Ȼɨɥɶɰɦɚɧɚ
;
r
–
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɹ
(
ɞɥɹ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ
r
= 1,93);
m
*
, n
–
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ
ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ
ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ
;
ƫ
–
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹ ɉɥɚɧɤɚ
.
ɂɡ ɷɬɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
,
ɱɬɨ ɬɟɪɦɨ
-
ɷ
.
ɞ
.
ɫ
.
ɜ ɜɵɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚɯ
ɪɚɫɬɟɬ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɥɚɛɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ
m
*
,
r
ɢ
n
ɨɬ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɭɛɵɜɚɟɬ ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ
.
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
,
ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɪɦɨ
-
ɷ
.
ɞ
.
ɫ
.
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɬ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
ɧɚɣɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɡɚɪɹɞɚ ɤ ɢɯ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ
.
Ⱦɥɹ ɢɯ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ
,
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ
ɏɨɥɥɚ
ɢɥɢ
ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ
,
ɢ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ
.
61
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1.
Ɂɢɧɟɧɤɨ ȼ
.
ɂ
.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɮɢɡɢɤɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ
/
ȼ
.
ɂ
.
Ɂɢɧɟɧɤɨ
,
Ȼ
.
ɂ
.
ɋɨɪɨɤɢɧ
,
ɂ
.
ɂ
.
Ɍɭɪɱɢɧ
. –
Ɇ
. :
Ɏɢɡɦɚɬɥɢɬ
, 2001. – 336
ɫ
.
2.
ȿɩɢɮɚɧɨɜ Ƚ
.
ɂ
.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ
/
Ƚ
.
ɂ
.
ȿɩɢɮɚɧɨɜ
. –
Ɇ
. :
ȼɵɫɲ
.
ɲɤɨɥɚ
, 1977. – 288
ɫ
.
3.
ɉɚɜɥɨɜ ɉ
.
ȼ
.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ
/
ɉ
.
ȼ
.
ɉɚɜɥɨɜ
,
Ⱥ
.
Ɏ
.
ɏɨɯɥɨɜ
. –
Ɇ
. :
ȼɵɫɲ
.
ɲɤ
., 2000. – 493
ɫ
.
4.
Ƚɨɧɱɚɪɨɜ ȿ
.
Ƚ
.
ɏɢɦɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ
/
ȿ
.
Ƚ
.
Ƚɨɧɱɚɪɨɜ
,
Ƚ
.
ȼ
.
ɋɟɦɟɧɨɜ
,
ə
.
Ⱥ
.
ɍɝɚɣ
. –
ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ
:
ɂɡɞ
-
ɜɨ ȼȽɍ
, 1995. – 270
ɫ
.
5.
ɒɚɥɢɦɨɜɚ Ʉ
.
ȼ
.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ
/
Ʉ
.
ȼ
.
ɒɚɥɢɦɨɜɚ
. –
Ɇ
. :
ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ
, 1971. – 312
ɫ
.
6.
ɍɝɚɣ ə
.
Ⱥ
.
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɯɢɦɢɸ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ
/
ə
.
Ⱥ
.
ɍɝɚɣ
. –
Ɇ
. :
ȼɵɫɲ
.
ɲɤ
., 1975. – 302
ɫ
.
Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1.
Ɏɢɫɬɭɥɶ ȼ
.
ɂ
.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ ɢ ɯɢɦɢɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ
/
ȼ
.
ɂ
.
Ɏɢɫɬɭɥɶ
. –
Ɇ
. :
Ɇɟɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɹ
, 1995. –
Ɍ
. 1. – 480
ɫ
.;
Ɍ
. 2. – 320 c.
2.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ
:
ɥɚɛ
.
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ
:
ɜ
2
ɬ
. /
ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ
.
Ⱥ
.
Ɏ
.
ɏɨɯɥɨɜɚ
.
Ɍ
. 1 :
Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɬɟɥ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ
. –
2001. – 362
ɫ
.
3.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ
:
ɥɚɛ
.
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ
:
ɜ
2
ɬ
. /
ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ
.
Ⱥ
.
Ɏ
.
ɏɨɯɥɨɜɚ
.
Ɍ
. 2 :
Ɏɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɬɟɥ
. – 2001. – 483
ɫ
.
4.
Ȼɭɲɦɚɧɨɜ
Ȼ
.
ɇ
.
Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ
ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ
ɬɟɥɚ
/
Ȼ
.
ɇ
.
Ȼɭɲɦɚɧɨɜ
,
ɘ
.
Ⱥ
.
ɏɪɨɦɨɜ
. –
Ɇ
. :
ȼɵɫɲ
.
ɲɤ
., 1971. – 224
ɫ
.
5.
Ƚɨɪɟɥɢɤ ɋ
.
ɋ
.
Ɋɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨ
-
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ
/
ɋ
.
ɋ
.
Ƚɨɪɟɥɢɤ
,
Ʌ
.
ɇ
.
Ɋɚɫɬɨɪɝɭɟɜ
,
ɘ
.
Ⱥ
.
ɋɤɚɤɨɜ
. –
Ɇ
. :
Ɇɂɋɂɋ
, 1994. –
328
ɫ
.
6.
Ȼɚɬɚɜɢɧ ȼ
.
ȼ
.
ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ
ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ
/
ȼ
.
ȼ
.
Ȼɚɬɚɜɢɧ
,
ɘ
.
Ⱥ
.
Ʉɨɧɰɟɜɨɣ
,
ɘ
.
ȼ
.
Ɏɟɞɨɪɨɜɢɱ
. –
Ɇ
. :
Ɋɚɞɢɨ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɶ
, 1985. – 264
ɫ
.
7.
Ɋɚɜɢɱ ɘ
.
ɂ
.
Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɤ
ɯɚɥɶɤɨɝɟɧɢɞɚɦ ɫɜɢɧɰɚ
PbTe, PbSe, PbS /
ɘ
.
ɂ
.
Ɋɚɜɢɱ
,
Ȼ
.
Ⱥ ȿɮɢɦɨɜɚ
,
ɂ
.
Ⱥ
.
ɋɦɢɪɧɨɜ
. –
Ɇ
. :
ɇɚɭɤɚ
, 1968. – 383
ɫ
.
62
ɋɈȾȿɊɀȺɇɂȿ
:
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
..................................................................................................... 3
1.
Ʉɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɨɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
.............................................................. 4
2.
Ɂɨɧɧɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ
.......................................................................................... 13
3.
ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɨɜ ɜ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɬɟɥɚɯ
............................................... 29
4.
ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ
.................................................................... 40
5.
Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɬɟɥ
....................................................... 47
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
............................................................................................... 62
ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɟ
əɰɟɧɤɨ
Ɉɥɟɝ Ȼɨɪɢɫɨɜɢɱ
,
ɑɭɞɨɬɜɨɪɰɟɜ
ɂɜɚɧ Ƚɟɧɧɚɞɢɟɜɢɱ
,
ɒɚɪɨɜ
Ɇɢɯɚɢɥ Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɜɢɱ
ɈɋɇɈȼɕ ɎɂɁɂɄɂ ɂ ɏɂɆɂɂ ɉɈɅɍɉɊɈȼɈȾɇɂɄɈȼ
ɑɚɫɬɶ
I
ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɭɡɨɜ
Ɋɟɞɚɤɬɨɪ ɂ
.
Ƚ
.
ȼɚɥɵɧɤɢɧɚ
ɉɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɜ ɩɟɱɚɬɶ
06.07.07.
Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ
60×84/16.
ɍɫɥ
.
ɩɟɱ
.
ɥ
. 1,4.
Ɍɢɪɚɠ
100
ɷɤɡ
.
Ɂɚɤɚɡ
1428.
ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨ
-
ɩɨɥɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ
ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ
.
394000,
ɝ
.
ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ
,
ɩɥ
.
ɢɦ
.
Ʌɟɧɢɧɚ
, 10.
Ɍɟɥ
. 208-298, 598-026 (
ɮɚɤɫ
)
http://www.ppc.vsu.ru; e-mail: pp_center@typ.vsu.ru
Ɉɬɩɟɱɚɬɚɧɨ ɜ ɬɢɩɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨ
-
ɩɨɥɢɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ
ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ
.
394000,
ɝ
.
ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ
,
ɭɥ
.
ɉɭɲɤɢɧɫɤɚɹ
, 3.
Ɍɟɥ
. 204-133.
63