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6.
Junior colleges offer the full four-year curriculum leading to a degree.
7.
The university is funded from several different sources.
4e Read the text carefully. Answer the questions:
1.
What do higher education institutions in the USA require for admission?
2.
What degree does a college lead to?
3.
What sense is the word "college" used in?
4.
What kind of educational institution is the University?
5.
What sense is the word "university" used in?
6.
What kind of preparation do professional schools provide?
7.
What is an institute of technology?
8.
What is the size of colleges and universities in America?
4f Translate into English:
1.
Для поступления в университет или колледж в Америке необходимо
закончить среднюю школу.
2.
В США существует несколько типов вузов: колледж, университет,
профессиональный колледж и др.
3.
Университет
обычно
состоит
из
колледжа
гуманитарных
и
естественных наук, профессионального отделения и аспирантуры.
4.
После 4 лет в университете студент получает степень бакалавра
гуманитарных или естественных наук.
5.
Аспирантура предлагает программы выше уровня степени бакалавра и
первой профессиональной степени.
6.
Университет может иметь колледж в своем составе; колледж может
входить в университет или быть самостоятельной единицей.
7.
Профессиональный колледж — это учебное заведение, существующее
отдельно от университета.
8.
Колледжи и университеты предлагают программы, после прохождения
которых присваивается степень бакалавра.
9.
Технические институты также присваивают степени и часто
предлагают курс аспирантуры.
4g Tell the class about the main features of American colleges and
universities.
5. LISTENING / WATCHING AND WRITING
5a Watch or listen to the information about studying at one of US universities
and make key notes L2.2 /V2.2. Be ready to answer the following questions.
1.
Which university is under consideration?
2.
Are foreign students invited to study at the university?
3.
How does it influence the life of students?
4.
Why does the administration of the university pursue such a policy?
23
5b Find more information about higher education in the UK and the USA.
Write an article about 250 words comparing two systems of education.
6. READING AND LISTENING / WATCHING
6a
Read some extracts from the
newspaper
interview
with
Jay
Gonzales,
the
graduate
of
Georgetown University. Can you say
that his educational history is quite
typical for any American university
student? Why? Why not?
My name is Jay Gonzalez and I’m spending my second year of the Fulbright
English Teaching Assistantship living and working in Voronezh…
I studied at Georgetown University in Washington, DC. I moved there when I
finished high school at the age of 18. This was the first time that I moved away
from my family and there were many challenges living in a city as diverse and
active as Washington, DC. Initially, I experienced a bit of culture shock, but I soon
began to enjoy the many opportunities that life in the capital offers. Because of
Georgetown’s cosmopolitan atmosphere, I made many foreign friends…
Many students at Georgetown work or intern in private companies, research
institutes, embassies, Congress or the White House in addition to their studies. I
finished my studies at Georgetown in May 2009, receiving a degree in Russian
Language and Literature as well as a minor degree (additional education) in the
field of politics, society, and economics of Eastern Europe and Central Asia…
After graduating from Georgetown, I got a job teaching English in Toulouse,
a city in the south of France, home to the aircraft builder Airbus. My connections
at the French Embassy helped me get this job, but my experience teaching helped
me to adapt to the French education system, which differs from both the American
and the Russian systems in various ways. While in Toulouse, I taught at 3
different high schools and a pedagogical university. Every school had a different
specialization. One focused on business and government, another focused on
industrial trades, yet another focused on culinary arts, and of course the
pedagogical university dealt with training teachers. The variety of students’ levels
and language needs made my post interesting, if not just a little bit challenging. In
addition to this, the beautiful southern French countryside, cuisine, and spirit of the
people created an almost magical atmosphere…
This year in Voronezh is my sixth year teaching English as a Foreign
Language (EFL). When I was a teenager, I never thought I would be a teacher. To
be a teacher requires discipline, a thirst for to gain and share knowledge, patience,
24
dedication and creativity. That was too much work, I thought. Instead, I wanted to
be a lawyer or a politician, to do something in government…
Jay Gonzalez
(
Never Before # 22, VSU)
6b Watch or listen to the interview with Jay Gonzales L1.3 / V1.3 . Compare
impressions you’ve got about the person from the article and the video.
6c Ask your teacher about the VSU newspaper “Never Before”. Write an
essay about your student life for the newspaper (the most interesting works
will be published).
7. READING AND SPEAKING
7a Answer the questions:
1.
Which school did you study in? How long?
2.
What is compulsory education?
3.
What basic facts do you know about the educational system in Russia?
7b Scan the text and answer the questions:
1.
What caused almost 100% literacy in the Soviet Union and post-soviet
Russia?
2.
Why did many state institutions start to open commercial positions?
3.
What are the three major groups of education in Russia?
4.
What are the possibilities of the continuation of education for the 9
th
grade
pupil?
5.
How can a student continue his/her education after obtaining a Certificate of
Complete Secondary Education?
6.
What are the three degrees that are conferred by Russian universities?
7.
Is there a research-based postgraduate education in Russian higher education
establishments?
RUSSIA’S EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Russian education system was originally inherited from the Soviet Union
without any significant changes. In the Soviet Union, education of all levels was
free for anybody who could pass entrance exams; students were provided with
small scholarships and free housing. It has produced nearly 100 % literacy. In the
Soviet Union institutions were funded entirely from the federal and regional
budgets. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, institutions found themselves
unable to provide adequate teachers’ salaries, students' scholarships, and to
maintain their facilities. Many state institutions started to open commercial
positions. The number of those positions has been growing steadily since then.
25
Many private higher education institutions have emerged
,
too. In 2009, 35 % of all
first-year students were paying for their own education in state institutions and
20% were enrolled in private universities.
Education in Russia may be arranged into three major groups: secondary
education, higher education
,
and postgraduate education
.
Secondary education in
Russia usually takes eleven years to complete. After graduation from the 9th grade,
which is compulsory, a pupil obtains a Certificate of Incomplete Secondary
Education. After that a pupil has can either continue education for two more years
at the secondary school, or to go to a Community College
.
The latter variant
usually takes three to four years to complete and provides a pupil with qualification
sufficient for most blue-collar jobs.
After obtaining a Certificate of Complete Secondary Education a student can
enter a University or a Community College. Nowadays, the country has 685
governmental higher education institutions and 619 non-governmental higher
education establishments (1,162 of which are state-accredited).In 2003-2004, the
total number of students of higher education institutions was 5,947,500.
There are three different degrees that are conferred by Russian universities:
Bachelor's Degree (4 years), Specialist's Degree (5-6 years), and Master's Degree
(6years). After obtaining a Specialist’s or Master's Degree
,
a student may pursue
postgraduate education
.
The first level of postgraduate education is “aspirantura”
that usually results in the Candidate of Sciences Degree
,
roughly equivalent to the
Ph. D. in the United States. The second stage would result in the Doctor's Degree.
A Candidate of Sciences Degree may be accompanied by honorary degree of
assistant professor and a Doctor's Degree may be accompanied by honorary degree
of professor.
7c Find the English equivalents for:
быть унаследованным от ч-л; бесплатный; сдать вступительные экзамены;
предоставить к-л стипендии; бесплатное жилье; привести к грамотности;
финансировать институты полностью из федерального и регионального
бюджетов; обеспечить достойную зарплату; студенческая стипендия;
содержать здания; открыть платные места; возникнуть; быть зачисленным;
подразделяться на среднее образование, высшее образование, аспирантуру;
окончание (учебного заведения); обязательный; сертификат о неполном сред-
нем образовании; последний вариант; достаточный; негосударственный вуз;
иметь государственную аккредитацию; присвоить степень; получить степень;
продолжить образование после окончания вуза; привести к получению степе-
ни кандидата наук; сопровождаться чем-либо; почетная степень; доцент.
7d Summarize the main ideas of the text in 15 – 20 sentences and present your
summary to the class.
26
8.READING AND SPEAKING
8a Read the text and reconstruct its logical structure by putting the para-
graphs in a correct order.
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
A.
Concentration programs or majors, leading to Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor
of Science degrees, enable students to specialize in one area in great depth. With
over 2,500 courses available each year, undergraduates choose electives that allow
them to explore their interests more broadly. Students may opt to join faculty in
research through the College Research Opportunities Program, or they may design
their own research projects.
B.
As one of the world's great universities, The University of Chicago has been
shaping higher education and the intellectual lives of undergraduates for over a
century. A private institution charted in 1890, Chicago's 203-acre campus on the
shores of Lake Michigan has been home to 73 Nobel laureates, the largest number
affiliated with any American university. The University of Chicago scholars were
the first to split the atom, to measure the speed of light, and to develop the field of
sociology.
C.
The typical student admitted to the University of Chicago, in addition to
being academically promising, shows a desire for a liberal arts education, a keen
sense of curiosity, a willingness to question standard assumptions, and a taste for
theoretical discussion. These aspects of the successful Chicago applicant are
usually reflected in the high school courses a student has taken, grades earned, and
standardized test scores, as well as the way in which the application is completed.
D.
Carrying on this tradition of innovative and provocative thought, Chicago's
1,000 undergraduates from the community of learners discover the pleasure of
exploring, taking risks, immersing themselves intellectually, and determining the
direction of their own education. They choose Chicago because they want an
undergraduate liberal arts curriculum taught by a faculty of renowned scholars and
teachers. They seek small classes and spirited discussions. They participate in
opportunities on and off campus that take their professional and recreational
interests to a higher level.
8b “Creating an Advertisement” project. Find some information about any
foreign institution of higher education of any type and share it with your
group mates. Present your information about the chosen college or university
in a form of advertisement. Use pictures.