ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 26.10.2023
Просмотров: 13
Скачиваний: 2
ВНИМАНИЕ! Если данный файл нарушает Ваши авторские права, то обязательно сообщите нам.
Great Britain and its Capital
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. Their total area is over 240,000 square kilometers. The United Kingdom is made up of four units: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In everyday speech «Great Britain» is used to mean the United Kingdom. The capital of the United Kingdom is London, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe.
Traditionally the historical centre of London is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End.
The heart of London is the City, its financial and business center. About 6 000 people live here, but about half a million people come to the City to work. There are some famous sights in the City including: the Monument commemorating the Great Fire of London, St. Paul’s Cathedral, the Mansion House, an official residence of the Lord Mayor and, of course, the Tower of London.
Westminster is connected with royalty and government. Buckingham Palace is the British monarch’s main residence in London. The Houses of Parliament is the seat of the British Parliament. This architectural complex contains the universal symbol of London, Big Ben.
Close to the Houses of Parliament stands Westminster Abbey. Many outstanding statesmen, scientists, writers, poets and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer, Dickens, Tennyson, Kipling and others.
The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol of wealth and luxury. The largest department stores, theatres, concert halls, cinemas, museums, the best galleries and hotels are situated here.
The East End is the industrial part of London. It is very important to the country’s commerce.
The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the English Channel.
The surface of the British Isles varies much. There are mountains on the north and west. The center and south-east is a vast plain. There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the largest river while the Thames is the deepest and most important one.
The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate. It is mild the whole year round.
The United Kingdom is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of technology, machinery, textile and electronics. One of the chief industries is engineering.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the Head of State is the Queen. In practice, the country is ruled by the elected Government, with the Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. There are two main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour and Conservative. The Conservative party is ruling nowadays. The Prime Minister is Boris Johnson.
The United Kingdom is one of the most powerful countries in the world.
I. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
-
Where is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland situated? -
What parts is the United Kingdom made up of? -
What is the capital of Great Britain? -
What parts is London divided into? -
What is the City? -
What is the governmental part of London? -
Where is Big Ben situated? -
What is the symbol of wealth and luxury? -
What is the East End? -
What influences the climate of the British Isles? -
What is the political structure of the United Kingdom? -
Who is the Prime Minister now?
Перескажите текст, опираясь на предложенный план.
-
Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии расположено на Британских островах. -
Оно состоит из 4 административных частей: Англии, Шотландии, Уэльса и Северной Ирландии. -
Столица Великобритании – Лондон. -
Главные части Лондона – Сити, Вестминстер, Вест Энд (западная часть) и Ист Энд (восточная часть). -
Сити – это деловой и финансовый центр. -
Вестминстер – это историческая часть Лондона, связанная с королевской семьёй и правительством. -
Вест Энд – это символ богатства и роскоши. -
Ист Энд – это промышленная часть Лондона. -
Британские острова отделены от европейского континента Английским каналом (пролив Ла-Манш). -
Великобритания – конституционная монархия. -
Премьер Министр Великобритании – Борис Джонсон, лидер Консервативной партии. -
Великобритания – одно из самых могущественных государств мира.