МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение

высшего образования

«Тольяттинский государственный университет»
 Гуманитарно-педагогический институт

(наименование института полностью)
Кафедра /департамент /центр¹ «Дошкольная педагогика и прикладная психология»________________________________________________

(наименование кафедры/департамента/центра полностью)

44.03.02 Психолого-педагогическое образование

(код и наименование направления подготовки, специальности)

 Психология и педагогика дошкольного образования

(направленность (профиль) / специализация)


Практическое задание №___
по учебному курсу « Иностранный язык 2»

(наименование учебного курса)
Вариант ____ (при наличии)

Студент	Деева М. И.
	(И.О. Фамилия)
Группа	ППОбдо-2001а
Преподаватели	Козина Оксана Николаевна
	(И.О. Фамилия)

Exercise 1. Fill in “say” or “tell” in the correct form.

1. 
   The policeman ____said___ that the man was lying.
   
2. 
   Philip ___said____ it would probably rain tomorrow.
   
3. 
   Susan __told____, “Let’s go out for dinner tonight.”
   
4. 
   Jim ___told____ me about the party last night.
   
5. 
   Our teacher ____said___ he was pleased with our work.
   
6. 
   Yesterday my friend ____said___ he __hadn’t told_____ anyone my secret.
   
7. 
   Stop _telling _ lies!
   
8. 
   Could you please ____tell___ me your name?
   
9. 
   The little girl ___said____ her prayers and went to bed.
   
10. 
    I really can’t ____tell___ Jane from Kate. They are twins.
    
11. 
    “I haven’t got enough money,” he___said____ to John.
    
12. 
    He ____said___ he would meet us later.
    

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Exercise 2. Report what the guests said at a wedding last Sunday.

1. 
   They will make a lovely couple.
   
2. 
   They’re going to live in Brighton.
   
3. 
   The bride and the groom are very nice young people.
   
4. 
   The bride is wearing a beautiful wedding dress.
   
5. 
   The couple’s parents look happy.
   
6. 
   The bride’s father has bought them a big flat.
   

1. 
   Miss Moore said (that) they would make a lovely couple.
   
2. 
   Mr Smith said (that) they were going to live in Brighton.
   
3. 
   Mrs Jones said the bride and the groom were very nice young people.
   
4. 
   Mr Roberts said that the bride was wearing a beautiful wedding dress.
   
5. 
   Mr Clarke said that the couple’s parents looked happy.
   
6. 
   Miss Mayall said that the bride’s father had bought them a big flat.
   

Reported Questions

In Reported questions we use affirmative word order and the question mark is omitted. To report a wh- question, we use ask followed by the question word (who, what, etc). When there is no question word in direct questions, if or whether is used in Reported questions. Pronouns, possessive adjectives, tenses, time expressions etc. change as in statements.

Direct speech	Reported speech
He asked, "What time is it?" He asked me, "Do you know her?"	He asked what time it was. He asked me if/whether I knew her.

Exercise 3. Report the police-officer’s questions to the shop owner.

1. 
   What’s your name?
   
2. 
   Did you see the robbers?
   
3. 
   What were they wearing?
   
4. 
   How do you think they got in?
   
5. 
   What did they take?
   
6. 
   Has this ever happened before?
   

1. 
   The police officer asked him what his name was.
   
2. 
   The police officer asked the shop owner if he had seen the robbers.
   
3. 
   The police officer asked the shop owner what they had been wearing.
   
4. 
   The police officer asked the shop owner how he thought they had got in.
   
5. 
   The police officer asked the shop owner what they had taken.
   
6. 
   The police officer asked the shop owner whether that had ever happened before.
   

Reported Commands/Requests/Suggestions

To report commands, requests, suggestions etc we use a reporting verb (order, ask, tell, advise, offer, warn, beg, suggest etc) followed by to -infinitive or not to - infinitive.

(suggest is followed by the -ing form. eg. He said, "Shall we go by bus?" He suggested going by bus.)

Direct speech	Reported speech
He said to me, “Stop talking!” He said to me, “Don’t touch it!”	He told me to stop talking. He told me not to touch it.

Exercise 4. Report what Mrs. Lane told her babysitter to do.

1. 
   Don’t answer the door to anyone!
   
2. 
   Phone me if there’s an emergency!
   
3. 
   Don’t let the children eat any sweets!
   
4. 
   Send the children to bed at 9 o’clock!
   
5. 
   Give the children a bath before they go to bed!
   
6. 
   Don’t take the dog into the children’s bedroom!
   
7. 
   Close all the windows!
   
8. 
   Put the toys away in the cupboard
   

1. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter not to answer the door to anyone.
   
2. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter to phone her if there was an emergency.
   
3. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter not to let the children eat any sweets.
   
4. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter to send the children to bed at 9 o’clock.
   
5. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter to give the children a bath before they went to bed.
   
6. 
    Mrs. Lane told her babysitter not to take the dog into the children’s bedroom.
   
7. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter to close all the windows.
   
8. 
   Mrs. Lane told her babysitter to put the toys away in the cupboard.
   

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Exercise 5. Turn from Direct into Reported speech.

1. "I've ordered a pizza for dinner," he said. .. He said that he had ordered a pizza for dinner..

2. "We must write a letter to our lawyer," she said. She said that they had to call their lawyer

3. "I will come tomorrow and fix the tap," the plumber said to them. The plumber told them that he would go the following day to fix the tap.

4. "This is the best holiday I've ever had," she said to her friend. She told her friend that was the best holiday she had ever had.

5. "Why did you say that to me?" she asked him. She asked him why he had said that to her.

6. "Don't speak to your father like that," she said to them. She told them not to speak to their father like that.

7. "Could you show me where the manager's office is?" he asked the secretary. He asked the secretary to show him where the manager's office was.

Exercise 6. Choose a reporting verb and turn the following from Direct into Reported speech.

1. "I think you should take more exercise," the doctor said to me.

The doctor advised me to take more exercise.

2. "I will not answer your questions," the actor said to him. The actor refused to answer my question.

3. "I really will phone this evening," he said.

He promised to phone that evening.

4. "Do you know where I've put my hat?" he said to her. He asked if she knew where he had put his hat.

5. "What have you bought me for Christmas?" the little boy said to his parents. The little boy asked his parents what they had bought him for Christmas?

6. "Go to your room now and do your homework," the mother said to her son. The mother odered her son to go to his room and do his homework.

7. "You will be paid twice a month," her boss said. Her boss promised to pay her twice a month.

8. "Would you like me to drive you into town?" she said to me. She offered to drive me into the town.

9. "Let's go for a walk!" he said. He suggested to go for a walk.

10. "Please let me come with you," she said to her mother.

 She asked her mother to come with her.

11. "Let's play in the garden," Ted said. Ted suggested to play in the garden.

12. "The sun is bigger than the earth," Mary said to the children.

Mary explained her children that the sun was bigger than the earth.

13 "Don't go near the fire because it's dangerous," she said to Ben. She warned Ben not to sit near the fire because it was dangerous.

14. "Let's have steak for dinner," said June. June offered to have steak for dinner.

15. "I promise I'll write to you as soon as I arrive, Mary," said John. John promised Mary to write her as soon as he arrived.

1. 
   "Please, don't shoot me!" he said to the robber. He begged robber not to shoot him.
   

Conditionals

	Type 1	If-clause	Main clause(result)	Use
	real present	If+Present Simple Unless(=if not)	Future Imperative can/must/may+bare infinitive Present Slmple	real or very probable situation in the present or future
	If he comes late, we'll miss the bus. If you can't afford it, don't buy it. or Unless you can afford it, don't buy it. If you see her, can you give her a message? If water gets very cold, it turns into ice.
	Type 2	If-clause	Main clause(result)	Use
	unreal present	If+ Past Simple	would/could/might +bare infinitive	improbable situation in the present or future; also used to give advice
If I were you, I would see a doctor. (advice) If I had money, I could buy a new car.(But I don’t have enough money to buy one.)(improbable situation)
	Type 3	If-clause	Main clause(result)	Use
	unreal Past	If+Past Perfect	would/could/might+have+ +past participle	unreal or important situation in the past; olso used to express regrets and criticism
If you hadn't been rude, he wouldn't have fired you. (But you were very rude and he fired you.) (criticism)

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Study the following notes:

We put a comma after the if- clause when it comes first. If we go by plane, it will be more expensive. It will be more expensive if we go by plane.

Unless means if not. We’ll go for a picnic unless it rains. We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain.

After if, we can use were instead of was in all persons. If I were you, I wouldn’t spend so much money.

We don’t usually use will, would or should in if-clause. If we take a taxi, we won’t be late. However, we use should after if when we are less sure about possibility. If I see him, I’ll give it to him. (Perhaps I’ll see him.) If I should see him, I’ll give it to him. (Perhaps I’ll see him but I’m less sure.)

Exercise 7. Match the following parts of the sentences.

1. 
   If I go on a diet, A. we’ll make a snowman.
   
2. 
   If it’s sunny tomorrow, B. I’ll buy you some chocolate.
   
3. 
   If John doesn’t hurry, C. she’ll have to take a taxi.
   
4. 
   If it snows, D. I’ll lose weight.
   
5. 
   If there are no busses, E. he’ll be late.
   
6. 
   If you are a good girl, F. we’ll go for a picnic.
   

1. 
   D
   
2. 
   F
   
3. 
   E
   
4. 
   A
   
5. 
   C
   
6. 
   B
   

Exercise 8. Fill in: unless or if.

1. 
   If you make so much noise, I won’t be able to sleep.
   
2. 
   I’ll tell you __if_______.there are any messages for you.
   
3. 
   I won’t finish the work ___unless______ you help me.
   
4. 
   _____if____ you’re hungry, I’ll make you a sandwich.
   
5. 
   We’ll miss the bus _______unless__ we hurry.
   
6. 
   They won’t get married ___unless______ he gets a job.
   
7. 
   You won’t understand __unless_______ you listen carefully.
   

Exercise 9. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. Add a comma where necessary.

1. If the dog , keeps(keep) barking, the neighbours will complain.

2. The boss _____is___ (be) angry if you arrive late for work again.

3. If you _______eat_ (eat) too much you'll be sick!

4. If the weather is bad on Saturday we ___will stay_____ (stay) at home.

5. You should see a doctor if you __don’t feel______ (not/feel) well.

6. If you study hard you ___will pass_____ (pass) your exam.

Exercise 10. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

Sarah is a bored teenager. If she 1) joined. (join) a club, she 2) ___would make_____ (make) more friends. She 3) ___would enjoy_____ (enjoy) herself if she 4) ____went____(go) out more. Her schoolwork is suffering too. If she 5) __studied______ (study) more she 6) _____would have ___ (have) better marks and she 7) ___would enter_____ (enter) university. Unfortunately, she is becoming overweight. She 8) _wouldn’t feel_______ (feel) better if she 9) ____started____ (start) swimming, and she 10) ___would get_____ (get) thinner if she 11) __stopped______ (stop) eating so much chocolate.

Exercise 11. Use the correct tense form:

If you 1) make (to make) a mistake, they will find you. If they 2) will catch you___found you_____ (to find) you they will catch you. If they 3) __will catch you__catch____ (to catch) me, I shall confess. If you 4) ______confess__ (to confess) they will put you into prison. If you 5) ____are ____ (to be) lucky, they won't catch you. If you 6) __go ______ (to go) to Rome, you'll see the Coliseum. If you 7) ____visit____ (to visit) London, probably you'll see the Queen. If you 8) stay________ (to stay) with me you won't see anything, but I'll be happy. When he 9) ___propose_____ (to propose) to her, she'll marry him. But she won't be happy when she 10) _____marry___ (to marry) him. I shall visit you as soon as I 11) _feel_______ (to feel) better. We shall stay here as long as our money 12) ___lasts_____ (to last). They won't send us a telegram unless there 13) ___is_____ (to be) something urgent. You'll phone me before you 14) _____to go___ (to go) away, won't you? I’11 come to London after they 15) _found_______ (to find) some place for us to stay at. We'll work till it 16) _gets _______ (to get) absolutely dark. Students won't get financial rewards unless they 17) ___get_____ (to get) high grades. What will you do when summer 18) ______come__ (to come)? If he not 19) __doesn’t come______ (to come) we'll have a problem.

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Infinitive (to + verb) - Gerund (verb + -ing)

The full infinitive (inf. with to) is used:	The -ing form is used:
1. to express purpose. He went to buy some bread	1. as a noun Smoking is dangerous.
2. after would love / like / prefer. I'd love to see you tonight.	2. after love, like, dislike, hate, enjoy. I love going to discos.
3. after adjectives (angry, glad, happy, sorry, pleased, annoyed, etc). I'm glad to see you here.	3. after start, begin, stop, finish. He started doing his homework at 5:00.
4. with too or enough. He's too old to drive. She's clever enough to understand it.	4. after go for physical activities. She went skiing last Sunday
5. after certain verbs (advise, agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, manage, offer, promise, refuse, seem, want, etc). I hope to meet him again.	5. after certain verbs (avoid, admit, confess to. deny, look forward to, mind, object to, prefer, regret, risk, spend, suggest, etc). I don't mind helping you with the dishes.
6. after question words (where, how, what, who, which). Why is not used with to - infinitive. I don't know what to do. BUT: Nobody knew why he was angry.	6. after the expressions: I'm busy, it's no use, it's (no) good, it's worth, what's the use of, be used to, there's no point (in). It's worth seeing that film.
7.after adjectives (angry, glad, happy, sorry, pleased, annoyed, etc). I'm glad to see you here.	7. after prepositions. He left without taking his coat.
8. with too or enough. He's too old to drive. She's clever enough to understand it.	8. after hear, see, sound to emphasize an action in progress I saw her crossing the street. (I saw her while she was crossing the street.) I saw her cross the strret (I saw her when she had crossed the street.)
The bare infinitive (inf. without to) is used:
1. after modal verbs (can, must etc). We must leave soon.
2. after let / make / hear / see + object. Let me go or I'll make you regret it.
3. after modal verbs (can, must etc). We must leave soon.

NOTE

1) Some verbs can take a full infinitive or the -ing form with no difference in meaning. These verbs are:

begin, hate, like, love, prefer, start etc.

e.g. He likes to watch / watching the birds.

2) If the subject of the verb is the same as the subject of the infinitive, then the subject of the infinitive is omitted. If, however, the subject of the verb is different from the subject of the infinitive, then an object pronoun (me, you, him etc) is placed before the infinitive.

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