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4. Language skills
4a Complete the text about curling
with the verbs in brackets.
Curling 1___(play) on ice by two
teams of four players. First, large
stones 2___(push) across the ice and
allowed to slide towards a circle,
which 3___(call) ‘home’. After this,
the players 4___(not allow) to touch
the stone. They sweep the ice in front
of the stone. In this way, the ice
5___(warm) and the speed and the
direction of the stone 6___(change).
The object of the game is to place
your team’s stones in the circle closer
to the middle than your opponents’
stones.
The oldest curling stone, bearing the
date of 1511, 7___(find) in Scotland
and in the 18
th
century, the first
curling clubs 8___(form) there.
Nowadays, the game 9___(play) in
many countries, e.g. in Switzerland,
where
natural
outdoor
ice
10___(find). In Canada and the USA,
curling
11___(play)
since
the
beginning of the 19
th
century. Curling
12____(make) more popular by the
recent
Winter
Olympics.
It
13___(play) for the first time at
Nagano in 1998 but it 14___(not
watch) by big audiences.
4b Complete the sentences about
Janica Kostelic, a Croatian skier.
1. Janica / born / 1982
2. She / first put on the skis at the age
of three
3. She / selected for the national team
/ she / 16 years old
4. Janica / injured many times so far
5. She / allowed to ski in spite of her
knee injuries
6. She / admired for her hard work
and ambition
7. She / liked because of her sense of
fun
4c Winter Olympic quiz. Use the
clue to write questions using the
Passive. Do you know the answers
to these questions?
Example: When was curling made an
Olympic event?
1. When / curling /make an Olympic
event?
2. When / first Winter Olympics /
organise?
3. Who /ski jumping / invent by?
4. When / the first cross country ski
races / hold?
5. When / extreme skiing / invent?
6. What two sport / snowboarding /
develop from?
7. When / snowboarding / make an
Olympic event?
8. Where / the last Winter Olympics /
organise?
9. How often / the Winter Olympics /
hold?
83
5. Listening
5a Where was the last Summer Olympic Games
held? Did you watch any of it? Did Russia win
any medals?
5b Which three cities below have never yet hosted the Summer Olympic
Games?
Amsterdam Athens Berlin Melbourne
Los Angeles Madrid Osaka Mexico City
Moscow New York Paris Seoul
5c In 2005, London won the
competition to host the Olympic
Games in 2012. Listen to four
extracts from the presentation that
was made by the British Olympic
Committee and match them with
the topics a-d. Track 17.
a) transport
b) the sports facilities
c) accommodation for athletes
d) London’s special ambition for the
Games
5d Are these sentences true or
false? Listen again and check.
1 The organisers want the Games to
encourage children to play sport.
2 None of the sports venues already
exists.
3 The Olympic park will be less than
ten minutes from the city centre.
4 The Olympic stadium will have
18,000 seats.
5 Many venues will be a long way
from the athletes’ accommodation.
6 The athletes will stay in single
rooms.
7 Ten train and underground lines go
to the venues.
8 Visitors to the games don’t have to
pay to use the trains and buses.
5e We can use just and only to emphasize how small something is. Listen
and complete these sentences from the extracts. Is the emphasis positive or
negative? Track 18.
1 We’ll create an Olympic park which is ___ seven minutes from the center of
London.
2 Half of the venues will be ___ five minutes from the athletes’ accommodation.
3 ___ ten per cent will be more than twenty minutes away.
4 Athletes will be ___ a short walk from the main stadium.
5 The Olympic park will be ___ seven minutes from central London by train.
84
6a Read this magazine article and choose the best title.
A
Men
:
Women -
1:0
B
Companies spend billions on World Cup ads
C
Advertisers forget female fans
D
Record numbers of women watch World Cup
6b While reading choose the best word to fill in the gaps from the list below.
This year, female football fans are everywhere. You can
see them in the stadiums, you can see them at the big screen
1)____and you can probably see them in front of your own
television. However, despite the recent increase in the
2)____of women watching the World Cup, the majority of
the advertisements during the games are aimed at men.
This year, nearly 50 per cent of the tournament’s
audience has been female. In South Korea, a female
3)____of 51 per cent watched their match against Togo. In
England, 47 per cent of the audience was female during the
match 4)____Sweden. ‘We’ve certainly missed an
opportunity’, said an advertising executive. ‘There have
been too many adverts for men and there haven’t been
enough adverts for female fans’.
There have been some adverts that have been 5)____at
women. However, these adverts have seen women not as
fans, but as people who dislike the game. For example, one
airline has been offering women-only holiday trips
6)____the World Cup.
‘The advertisers haven’t been clever enough. They’ve
been too 7)____in women who hate football and they’ve
forgotten about those who love the game’, said Sean Gabb,
a business lecturer and author. ‘Companies have spent
enough money on advertising, nearly $1 billion
worldwide, but they’ve spent too much money on the male
fans and not enough on the female fans’.
However, some companies think they have been
clever. Adidas have said that, as this is the male
World Cup, it makes 8)____to focus on
advertising to men. They plan to focus on female
products during next year’s women’s World Cup
in China.
Other people have noted that women 9)____to be more casual watchers of TV
sport than men, so it is difficult to keep their attention during the adverts.
6. Extra Activities
85
However, as Sean Gabb said, ‘Perhaps this is because they don’t want to
10)____their time watching adverts for shaving products and car tyres’.
1
A
performances
B
events
C
plays
2
A
minority
B
amount
C
number
3
A
lots
B
majority
C
most
4
A
against
B
opposite
C
in front of
5
A
aimed
B
pointed
C
intended
6
A
escaping
B
to escape
C
escape
7
A
in love
B
interested
C
fascinated
8
A
sense
B
meaning
C
point
9
A
tend
B
like
C
dream
10 A
spend
B
enjoy
C
waste
6c According to the text, are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?
1 Many women have been watching football for many years.
2 Men are the target audience of advertisers during the World Cup.
3 More than half the English audience was female during the Sweden game.
4 The advertising executive thinks there should be more adverts aimed at women.
5 An airline offered special trips to the World Cup for women.
6 Companies did not spend a lot of money on advertising during this World Cup.
7 Adidas believes that it didn’t make a mistake with its advertising.
8 Women often stop watching during the advertisements.
6d Discuss these questions with a partner.
Do you think that the advertisers missed an opportunity or do you agree
with Adidas?
Do you think that women are casual watchers of sport or do you agree with
Sean Gabb?
Who do you think watches more sport, men or women? Why?
7. Writing: Writing a biography of a famous person
7a Read the article about Maria Sharapova and complete these notes for a
mini-biography.
Maria Sharapova
Born in ___
(date), in ___(country)
Age when she started tennis: ___
years old
Age nine:
moved to ___
Off-court interests: 1_____2_____3_____
Championships: _____
86
At the age of seventeen, Maria
Sharapova won the Wimbledon
tennis championship. She was the
third
youngest
champion
in
Wimbledon’s 118-year history. This
success quickly made her one of the
world’s
best-known
sports
celebrities.
Born in 1987 in a small Siberian
town, Maria started hitting tennis
balls at the age of four. Her first
tennis teacher was her father, Yuri
Sharapov. When Maria was nine, she
and her father moved to America.
She went to a special tennis school in
Florida, where she practised every
day.
Maria’s mother had to stay at
home in Russia. Maria didn’t see her
for two years. She missed her mother
and her family. But now this tall,
good-looking young woman is the
Number 2 player in the world.
Playing tennis is not Maria’s only
interest. She does not go to high
school but she studies all her school
subjects through an Internet school.
She enjoys reading. The Sherlock
Holmes stories are among her
favourite books. Her other off-court
interests are fashion, singing, dancing
and movies. In 2005, Maria designed
her
tennis
dress
for
the
championships, and she produced a
new perfume.
However, Maria’s main love is
still tennis. She often plays charity
matches to raise money for people in
need, and she practices hard to be a
champion.
‘Everyone’s trying to beat the
World’s Number 2 player’, she says.
‘It’s absolutely normal. But I want to
beat them as well. I love the
competition.’
7b Choose a famous person and write his/her biography (160-200 words).
Include the following:
When / where he/ she was born
Why he/she became famous
Family, interests, hobbies