ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 11.04.2021
Просмотров: 430
Скачиваний: 8

American Mineralogist, Volume 95, pages 185–187, 2010
0003-004X/10/0001–185$05.00/DOI: 10.2138/am.2010.3371
185
Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals
D
onna
L. W
hitney
1,
*
anD
B
ernarD
W. e
vans
2
1
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, U.S.A.
2
Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Box 351310, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98185, U.S.A.
Nearly 30 years have elapsed since Kretz (1983) provided
the mineralogical community with a systematized list of abbre-
viations for rock-forming minerals and mineral components. Its
logic and simplicity have led to broad acceptance among authors
and editors who were eager to adopt a widely recognized set of
mineral symbols to save space in text, tables, and figures.
Few of the nearly 5000 known mineral species occur in
nature with a frequency sufficient to earn repeated mention in
the geoscience literature and thus qualify for the designation
“rock-forming mineral,” but a reasonable selection of the most
common and useful rock-forming minerals likely numbers in
the several hundreds. The original list by Kretz (1983) contained
abbreviations for 193 of these.
We propose an expansion to the list initiated by Kretz (1983)
(see next page). Modest expansions and revisions were made by
Spear (1993), Holland and Powell (1998), the Mineralogical As-
sociation of Canada, and Siivola and Schmid (2007). Our revised
list of abbreviations has 371 entries. Significant numbers of the
new entries are the result of three decades of research in high- and
ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic terrains, the explicit inclusion of
Mg and Fe end-members of solid-solution series (as in the amphi-
boles), recent work on extraterrestrial samples, and the increased
relevance to petrology of numerous accessory minerals.
The two systems of abbreviations currently most in use—
Kretz (1983), including modifications; and Holland and Powell
(1998)—differ in terms of style and concept. Kretz abbreviations
are 2–3 letters and use uppercase first letters for minerals and
lower case letters throughout for mineral components (e.g., the
almandine component of garnet); the Holland and Powell sys-
tem varies from 1–5 letters and uses lowercase throughout. The
Kretz system provides abbreviations for selected intermediates
in solid-solution mineral series. The Holland and Powell system
is restricted to abbreviations for end-members for which there
are available thermodynamic data that have been included in the
Holland and Powell database. The two systems have the same
abbreviations for some minerals (other than capitalization), but
in many cases use different symbols for the same mineral, for
example, “Crn” (Kretz) and “cor” (H&P).
The selection of minerals to include in a list of abbreviations
is subjective, but we have tried to err on the side of being inclu-
sive, listing some minerals for which the status is questionable
according to the International Mineralogical Association. For
example, we accommodate alternative choices such as titanite
(Ttn) and sphene (Spn); hypersthene (Hyp), enstatite (En), and
orthopyroxene (Opx); glaucophane (Gln), crossite (Crt), and
riebeckite (Rbk); and albite (Ab) and anorthite (An) as well as
plagioclase (Pl), recognizing that some petrologists have uses for
these mineral names. In addition, although our focus is on rock-
forming minerals, some hypothetical and/or synthetic phases are
included in our list, as well as an abbreviation for “liquid” (Liq).
We have also included some abbreviations for mineral groups,
e.g., aluminosilicates (Als, the Al
2
SiO
5
polymorphs), and other
descriptive terms (e.g., opaque minerals). The choice of abbre-
viations attempts as much as possible to make the identity of the
mineral instantly obvious and unambiguous.
U
pDateD
List
of
mineraL
aBBreviations
In this contribution, abbreviations from Kretz (with some
modifications) and new abbreviations are listed (Table 1, next
page). The following format was used for assigning abbrevia-
tions:
(1) The first letter is capitalized; the other letter(s) are lower
case, with the exception of Phase A, abbreviated as PhA.
(2) The first letter of the abbreviation is the first letter of the
mineral name; subsequent letters are selected from the mineral
name.
(3) Most abbreviations consist of 2 or 3 letters, but a 4-letter
abbreviation is used when the addition of F for ferro- or M for
magnesio- resulted in ambiguity in the 3-letter version (e.g.,
Mcar for magnesiocarpholite).
(4) Mineral abbreviations were selected so as not to corre-
spond to abbreviations for elements. Note that rule 4 was violated
by a few of the original Kretz abbreviations (Mo for molybdenite;
Ne for nepheline), so some original Kretz abbreviations have
been changed to follow this rule. Others have been modified to
avoid ambiguity with minerals added to the list.
a
cknoWLeDgment
We thank Marc Hirschmann and Howard Day for input on the updated ab-
breviation system.
r
eferences
citeD
Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68,
277–279.
Holland, T.J.B. and Powell, R. (1998) An internally-consistent thermodynamic
data set for phases of petrologic interest
.
Journal of Metamorphic Geology,
16, 309–343.
Siivola, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission
on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web
version 01.02.07. (http://www.bgs.ac.uk/scmr/docs/papers/paper_12.pdf)
IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology.
Spear, F.S. (1993) Metamorphic Phase Equilibria and Pressure-Temperature-Time
Paths. Monograph 1, Mineralogical Society of America, Chantilly, Virginia.
M
anuscript
received
a
ugust
11, 2009
M
anuscript
accepted
a
ugust
13, 2009
M
anuscript
handled
by
b
ryan
c
hakouMakos
* E-mail: dwhitney@umn.edu

WHITNEy AND EVANS: MINERAL ABBREVIATIONS
186
T
able
1. Updated list of abbreviations
Symbol Mineral Name
IMA status*
Acm
acmite
D
Act
actinolite
A
Adl
adularia
I
Aeg
aegirine
A
Ak
åkermanite
G
Ab
albite
G
Afs
alkali feldspar
GROUP
Aln
allanite
A
Alm
almandine
G
Als
aluminosilicate
(Al
2
SiO
5
polymorphs)
GROUP
Alu
alunite
Rd
Amk
amakinite
Rd
Ame
amesite
G
Amp
amphibole
GROUP
Anl
analcime (analcite)
A
Ant
anatase
A
And
andalusite
G
Adr
andradite
G
Ang
anglesite
G
Anh
anhydrite
G
Ank
ankerite
G
Ann
annite
A
An
anorthite
G
Ano
anorthoclase
I
Ath
anthophyllite
Rd
Atg
antigorite
Rn
Ap
apatite
GROUP
Apo
apophyllite
GROUP
Arg
aragonite
G
Arf
arfvedsonite
A
Arm
armalcolite
Rd
Apy
arsenopyrite
A
Aug
augite
A
Awr
awaruite
G
Ax
axinite
GROUP
Bab
babingtonite
G
Bdy
baddeleyite
G
Brt
barite (baryte)
A
Brs
barroisite
Rd
Bei
beidellite
G
Brl
beryl
G
Bt
biotite
GROUP
Bxb
bixbyite
G
Bhm
böhmite (boehmite)
G
Bn
bornite
A
Brk
brookite
G
Brc
brucite
G
Bst
bustamite
G
Cal
calcite
G
Ccn
cancrinite
G
Cnl
cannilloite
H
Cb
carbonate mineral
GROUP
Car
carpholite
G
Cst
cassiterite
G
Cel
celadonite
A
Clt
celestine
A
Cls
celsian
G
Cer
cerussite
G
Cbz
chabazite
A
Cct
chalcocite
G
Ccp
chalcopyrite
G
Chm
chamosite
G
Chs
chesterite
A
Chl
chlorite
GROUP
Cld
chloritoid
G
Chn
chondrodite
G
Chr
chromite
G
Ccl
chrysocolla
A
Ctl
chrysotile
Rd
Cin
cinnabar
G
Cam
clinoamphibole
GROUP
Clc
clinochlore
G
Cen
clinoenstatite
A
Cfs
clinoferrosilite
A
Symbol
Mineral Name
IMA status*
Chu
clinohumite
G
Cpt
clinoptilolite
A
Cpx
clinopyroxene
GROUP
Czo
clinozoisite
G
Cln
clintonite
A
Coe
coesite
A
Coh
cohenite
G
Crd
cordierite
G
Crr
corrensite
G
Crn
corundum
G
Cv
covellite
G
Crs
cristobalite
G
Crt
crossite
D
Crl
cryolite
G
Cbn
cubanite
G
Cum
cummingtonite
Rd
Cpr
cuprite
G
Csp
cuspidine
G
Dph
daphnite
not listed
Dat
datolite
G
Dbr
daubreelite
G
Dee
deerite
A
Dia
diamond
G
Dsp
diaspore
G
Dck
dickite
G
Dg
digenite
A
Di
diopside
A
Dpt
dioptase
G
Dol
dolomite
G
Drv
dravite
G
Dum
dumortierite
G
Eas
eastonite
Rd
Ec
ecandrewsite
A
Eck
eckermannite
A
Ed
edenite
A
Elb
elbaite
G
Ell
ellenbergerite
A
Eng
enargite
G
En
enstatite (ortho-)
A
Ep
epidote
GROUP
Eri
erionite
A
Esk
eskolaite
G
Ess
esseneite
A
Eud
eudialite
A
Fas
fassaite
D
Fa
fayalite
G
Fsp
feldspar
GROUP
Fac
ferro-actinolite
Rd
Fath
ferro-anthophyllite
Rd
Fbrs
ferrobarroisite
A
Fcar
ferrocarpholite
A
Fcel
ferroceladonite
A
Fec
ferro-eckermannite
Rd
Fed
ferro-edenite
Rd
Fgd
ferrogedrite
Rd
Fgl
ferroglaucophane
Rd
Fkrs
ferrokaersutite
A
Fny
ferronyboite
H
Fprg
ferropargasite
Rd
Frct
ferrorichterite
A
Fs
ferrosilite
Rn
Fts
ferrotschermakite
Rd
Fwn
ferrowinchite
Rd
Fi
fibrolite (fibrous
sillimanite)
informal
Fl
fluorite
G
Fo
forsterite
G
Fos
foshagite
G
Frk
franklinite
G
Ful
fullerite
N
Ghn
gahnite
G
Glx
galaxite
G
Gn
galena
G
Grt
garnet
GROUP
Symbol
Mineral Name
IMA status*
Ged
gedrite
Rd
Gh
gehlenite
G
Gk
geikielite
G
Gbs
gibbsite
A
Gis
gismondine
A
Glt
glauconite
GROUP
Gln
glaucophane
Rd
Gme
gmelinite
A
Gth
goethite
A
Gdd
grandidierite
G
Gr
graphite
G
Gre
greenalite
G
Grs
grossular
A
Gru
grunerite
Rd
Gp
gypsum
G
Hl
halite
G
Hrm
harmotome
A
Hst
hastingsite
Rd
Hsm
hausmannite
G
Hyn
haüyne
G
Hzl
heazlewoodite
G
Hd
hedenbergite
A
Hem
hematite
A
Hc
hercynite
G
Hul
heulandite
A
Hbn
hibonite
G
Hbs
hibschite
Rn
Hgb
högbomite
D
Hol
hollandite
G
Hlm
holmquistite
Rd
Hbl
hornblende
GROUP
Hw
howieite
A
Hu
humite
G
Hgr
hydrogrossular
GROUP
Hyp
hypersthene
D
Ilt
illite
GROUP
Ilm
ilmenite
G
Ilv
ilvaite
G
Jd
jadeite
A
Jrs
jarosite
Rd
Jim
jimthompsonite
A
Jhn
johannsenite
A
Krs
kaersutite
Rd
Kls
kalsilite
G
Kam
kamacite (
α
-FeNi)
D
Kln
kaolinite
A
Ktp
katophorite
Rd
Kfs
K-feldspar
informal
Khl
K-hollandite
H
Kir
kirschsteinite
G
Krn
kornerupine
G
Kos
kosmochlor
A
Kut
kutnohorite (kutnahorite) G
Ky
kyanite
A
Lrn
larnite
G
Lmt
laumontite
A
Lws
lawsonite
G
Lzl
lazulite
A
Lzr
lazurite
G
Lpd
lepidolite
GROUP
Lct
leucite
G
Lm
limonite
not listed
Liq
liquid
Lz
lizardite
G
Lo
löllingite (loellingite)
G
Mgh
maghemite
G
Marf
magnesio-arfvedsonite
Rd
Mcar
magnesiocarpholite
A
Mfr
magnesioferrite
G
Mhs
magnesiohastingsite
Rd
Mhb
magnesiohornblende
Rd
Mkt
magnesiokatophorite
Rd

WHITNEy AND EVANS: MINERAL ABBREVIATIONS
187
Symbol
Mineral Name
IMA status*
Mrbk
magnesioriebeckite
Rd
Msdg
magnesiosadanagite
Rd
Mst
magnesiostaurolite
A
Mtm
magnesiotaramite
Rn
Mws
magnesiowustite
not listed
Mgs
magnesite
A
Mag
magnetite
G
Maj
majorite
A
Mlc
malachite
G
Mng
manganosite
G
Mrc
marcasite
G
Mrg
margarite
A
Mar
marialite
G
Mei
meionite
G
Mll
melilite
GROUP
Mw
merwinite
G
Mes
mesolite
A
Mc
microcline
G
Mlr
millerite
G
Mns
minnesotaite
G
Mog
moganite
A
Mol
molybdenite
G
Mnz
monazite
A
Mtc
monticellite
G
Mnt
montmorillonite
G
Mor
mordenite
A
Mul
mullite
G
Ms
muscovite
A
Ntr
natrolite
A
Nph
nepheline
G
Nrb
norbergite
G
Nsn
nosean
G
Nyb
nyböite
Rd
Ol
olivine
GROUP
Omp
omphacite
A
Opl
opal
G
Opq
opaque mineral
informal
Orp
orpiment
G
Oam
orthoamphibole
GROUP
Or
orthoclase
A
Oen
orthoenstatite
D
Opx
orthopyroxene
GROUP
Osm
osumilite
G
Plg
palygorskite
G
Pg
paragonite
A
Prg
pargasite
Rd
Pct
pectolite
G
Pn
pentlandite
G
Per
periclase
G
Prv
perovskite
G
Ptl
petalite
G
PhA
phase A
not listed
Ph
phengite
G
Php
phillipsite
A
Phl
phlogopite
A
Pmt
piemontite
A
Symbol
Mineral Name
IMA status*
Pgt
pigeonite
A
Pl
plagioclase
GROUP
Prh
prehnite
G
Prm
prismatine
Rd
Psb
pseudobrookite
Rd
Pmp
pumpellyite-(Al)
A
Py
pyrite
G
Pcl
pyrochlore
A
Prp
pyrope
G
Pph
pyrophanite
G
Prl
pyrophyllite
G
Pxf
pyroxferroite
A
Pxm
pyroxmangite
G
Po
pyrrhotite
G
Qnd
qandilite
A
Qz
quartz
A
Rnk
rankinite
G
Rlg
realgar
G
Rds
rhodochrosite
A
Rdn
rhodonite
A
Rct
richterite
A
Rbk
riebeckite
Rd
Rwd
ringwoodite
A
Rdr
roedderite
A
Rsm
rossmanite
A
Rt
rutile
G
Sdg
sadanagaite
Rd
Sa
sanidine
G
Sap
saponite
G
Spr
sapphirine
G
Scp
scapolite
GROUP
Sch
scheelite
G
Srl
schorl
G
Scb
schreibersite
G
Sep
sepiolite
G
Ser
sericite
D
Srp
serpentine
GROUP
Sd
siderite
G
Sil
sillimanite
G
Sme
smectite
GROUP
Sdl
sodalite
G
Sps
spessartine
A
Sp
sphalerite
A
Spn
sphene (titanite)
D
Spl
spinel
G
Spd
spodumene
A
Spu
spurrite
G
St
staurolite
G
Stv
stevensite
Q
Stb
stilbite
A
Stp
stilpnomelane
A
Sti
stishovite
A
Str
strontianite
G
Sud
sudoite
Rd
Syl
sylvite
G
Symbol
Mineral Name
IMA status*
Tae
taenite (
γ
-Fe, Ni)
G
Tlc
talc
G
Trm
taramite
Rd
Tnt
tennantite
G
Tnr
tenorite
A
Tep
tephroite
G
Ttr
tetrahedrite
A
Thm
thomsonite
A
Thr
thorite
G
Tly
tilleyite
G
Ttn
titanite (sphene)
A
Tpz
topaz
G
Tur
tourmaline
GROUP
Tr
tremolite
Rd
Trd
tridymite
G
Tro
troilite
G
Ts
tschermakite
Rd
Usp
ulvöspinel
G
Urn
uraninite
G
Uv
uvarovite
A
Vtr
vaterite
A
Vrm
vermiculite
G
Ves
vesuvianite
A
Wds
wadsleyite
A
Wag
wagnerite
Rd
Wrk
wairakite
A
Wav
wavellite
A
Wht
whitlockite
G
Wlm
willmenite
G
Wnc
winchite
Rd
Wth
witherite
G
Wo
wollastonite
A
Wur
wurtzite
G
Wus
wüstite
G
Xtm
xenotime
A
Xon
xonotlite
G
Yug
yugawaralite
A
Zeo
zeolite
GROUP
Znw
zinnwaldite
GROUP
Zrn
zircon
G
Zo
zoisite
G
* International Mineralogical Association (IMA)
abbreviations: A = Approved; D = Discredited; G
= Grandfathered (generally regarded as valid min-
eral name); GROUP = Name designates a group of
mineral species; H = hypothetical (e.g., synthetic);
I = intermediate in a solid-solution series; Q =
questionable; Rd = Redefinition approved by IMA
Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and
Classification (CNMNC); Rn = Renamed with ap-
proval of the CNMNC.