Ф КГМУ 4/3-06/02

ИП №6 УМС при КазГМА

от 14 июня 2007 г.

Карагандинский государственный медицинский университет

Кафедра иностранных языков

Методические рекомендации для практических занятий

Тема: Терапия.

Систематизация грамматического материала: модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

Дисциплина: «Профессиональный английский язык»

Специальность: 5В130100 - «Общая медицина»

Курс: 2

Составители: ст. преп. Сорокина О.Н.

ст. преп. Татосян Ш.Т.

Караганда 2013 г.

Обсуждены и утверждены

на заседании кафедры иностранных языков

Протокол № __ от __.__.2013г.

зав. кафедрой _______В.А. Бурмистрова

Тема: Терапия.

Систематизация грамматического материала: модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.

Цель: совершенствование практических навыков в устной и письменной речи с овладением медицинской терминологии.

• Задачи обучения: изучить стилистические особенности медицинского перевода; освоить грамматические структуры на основе медицинской литературы; выражать свои мысли на иностранном языке с использованием освоенных грамматических структур и медицинской терминологии.

• Основные вопросы темы:

1. Работа с грамматикой:

- введение грамматического материала «Систематизация грамматического материала: модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты».

- выполнение подстановочных упражнений

- выполнение трансформационных упражнений

- применение грамматического материала в устной речи

2.Работа над лексикой:

- введение лексического материала с применением дефиниций

- активизация лексического материала на тексте

- подстановочные упражнения

3. Работа с текстом:

- составление вопросов и плана к тексту

- упражнения для обучения интерпретации текста

- упражнения на контроль понимания основного содержания прочитанного текста

• Методы обучения и преподавания: малые группы, дискуссия, работа в парах, презентации

• Литература:

основная

1. Татосян Ш.Т., Жаликенова Р.С., Савелова Н.Н. Сборник лексико-грамматических упражнений для студентов 2 курса факультетов «Общая медицина», «Стоматология» 2011г.-150с.

2. Голицынский Ю. Грамматика. Сборник упражнений : сборник / Ю. Голицынский, Н. Голицынская. - 7-е изд. испр. и доп. - СПб.: КАРО, 2011. - 576 с. - (Английский язык для школьников).

3. Марковина И.Ю. Английский язык : учебник / И.Ю Марковина, З. К. Максимова, М. Б. Вайнштейн. - 4-е изд., испр. и перераб. - М.: ГЭОТАР-МЕД, 2010. - 368 с.

4. Internet

дополнительная

1. Акжигитов Г.Н. Большой англо-русский медицинский словарь : около 100000 терминов / Г. Н. Акжигитов, Р. Г. Акжигитов. - 2-е изд. - М., 2007. - 1248 с.

2. Англо-русский кардиологический словарь / ред. Л. С. Рудинская. - М. : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2009. - 176 с.

3. Англо-русский медицинский словарь = English-russian medical dictionary : более 90000 терминов: учеб. пособие для студ. мед. вузов / сост. И. Ю. Марковина [и др.]. - М. : Мед. информ. агентство, 2008. - 896 с.

4. Медициналық терминдер сөздігі (40 мыңға жуық термин) : Орысша-қазақша-ағылшынша / М. Ахметов. - Алматы : Дайк-Пресс, 2009. - 800 б.

5. Русско-казахско-английский словарь медицинских терминов

6. Новый англо-русский словарь для стоматологов : учеб. пособие / Л. Ю. Берзегова [и др.]. - М. : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2009. - 400 с.

7. Унгарбаева А.А. Аәылшын тілінің грамматикасы: оқу құралы / А. А. Унгарбаева, А. Б. Нупилова ; КГМУ. - Қарағанды, 2011. - 88 б.

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• Контроль: выполнение лексико-грамматического теста

I. Read and translate the new words.

remediation

exercise therapy

complementary

ultrahigh frequency therapy

curative

shrink

adjuvant

palliative radiation beam

fraction

impairment

intervention

geriatrics

II. Read and translate the text

Therapy

Therapy is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis. In the medical field, it is synonymous with the word "treatment".

Conservative (nonsurgical) treatment (in fact, the therapy) is performed by chemical, physical and biological methods. Chemical and biological methods are the main ways of the conservative influence on the patient body. Among them are pharmacotherapy (including chemotherapy), phytotherapy, immunotherapy, etc. Physical conservative treatments include physical therapy, massage and exercise therapy, hydrotherapy. In most cases, these methods are complementary. Physical therapy techniques include effects on the body by means of electromagnetic radiation and sound: radiotherapy, ultrahigh frequency therapy, magnetotherapy, medicinal electrophoresis, laser therapy.

Review some of them.

Radiotherapy is the use of radiation in controlled doses to treat cancers. It works by damaging the DNA of malignant cells. Radiotherapy may be used: as curative treatment, for example to shrink tumours; as adjuvant treatment, alongside of following chemotherapy – treatment with anti-cancer drugs; in lower doses as palliative treatment to reduce pain and other symptoms of cancer or disease, but not as a cure. A radiologist determines the dose and the exact target for the radiation beams. Dosage is measured in grays (Gy). A daily dose is a fraction. Radiotherapy can also be delivered internally by radioactive implants such as needles, or by liquids such as strontium for some bone cancers.

Physical therapy (or physiotherapy), often abbreviated PT, is a health care profession primarily concerned with the remediation of impairments and disabilities and the promotion of mobility, functional ability, quality of life and movement potential through examination, evaluation, diagnosis and physical intervention. Physical therapy is performed by a physical therapist (PT) or physiotherapist (PHT), and sometimes services are provided by a physical therapist assistant (PTA) acting under their direction. PTs are healthcare professionals who diagnose and treat individuals of all ages, from newborns to the very oldest, who have medical problems or other health-related conditions, illnesses, or injuries that limit their abilities to move and perform functional activities as well as they would like in their daily lives. PT management commonly includes prescription of specific exercises, manual therapy, education, manipulation and other interventions. In addition, PTs work with individuals to prevent the loss of mobility before it occurs by developing fitness and wellness-oriented programs for healthier and more active lifestyles, providing services to individuals and populations to develop, maintain and restore maximum movement and functional ability throughout the lifespan. This includes providing services in circumstances where movement and function are threatened by aging, injury, disease or environmental factors. Functional movement is central to what it means to be healthy. Physical therapy has many specialties including sports, wound care, EMG (electromyogram), cardiopulmonary, geriatrics, neurologic, orthopaedic and pediatrics.

III. Answer the question

1. What is a therapy?

2. What are the chemical and biological methods?

3. What do physical conservative treatments include?

4. What is radiotherapy?

5. How may radiotherapy be used?

6. What is physiotherapy?

7. Whom do PTs diagnose and treat?

IV. Say true or false

1. Physical conservative treatments include pharmacotherapy (including chemotherapy), phytotherapy, immunotherapy, etc.

2. Radiotherapy can also be delivered internally by radioactive implants such as needles, or by liquids such as strontium for some bone cancers.

3. PTs are healthcare professionals who diagnose and treat only men in years.

4. PTs work with individuals to permit the loss of mobility.

5. PT management commonly includes prescription of specific exercises, manual therapy, education, manipulation and other interventions.

V. Complete the sentences

1. Therapy is the attempted ……. of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis.

2. Radiotherapy may be used as …… treatment, for example to shrink tumours; as a……. treatment, alongside of following chemotherapy; in lower doses as …….. treatment to reduce pain and other symptoms of cancer or disease.

3. A radiologist determines the dose and the exact target for the ……. ……….

4. Physical therapy is a health care profession primarily concerned with the remediation of ……. and disabilities and the promotion of mobility, functional ability, quality of life and movement potential.

5. PT management commonly includes prescription of specific exercises, manual therapy, education, manipulation and other ……...

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VI. Open the brackets

1. Physical therapy techniques (has to/may) include effects on the body by means of electromagnetic radiation and sound.

2. PTs are healthcare professionals who (can/can to) diagnose and treat individuals of all ages. 

3. The physician told the woman she (needs to/needs/need to) take pills.

4. My dentist says I (must to/must not/not must) eat so many sweets.

5. She (have to/had to/ has) to take antibiotics, because she was ill.

6. I’m sorry. I (should to/ought to) have phoned to tell you I was coming.

7. To my mind, Ministry of Health (need to/needs to) take care of old people.

VII. Retell the text

Revision test

1.

Find the definition of “therapy”

A).a branch of medicine concerned with diseases and conditions requiring or amenable to operative or manual procedures

B).an impairment of the normal state of the body

C).the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis

D).the use of radiation in controlled doses to treat cancers

E).a branch of medicine that deals with the problems and diseases of old age and aging people

2.

Find the definition of “radiotherapy”

A).a branch of medicine that deals with the problems and diseases of old age and aging people

B).the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis

C).an impairment of the normal state of the body

D).a branch of medicine concerned with diseases and conditions requiring or amenable to operative or manual procedures

E).the use of radiation in controlled doses to treat cancers

3.

Name the therapy being described: treatment with drugs toxic to cancer

A).cognitive behavioural therapy

B).exercise therapy

C).hydrotherapy

D).chemotherapy

E).laser therapy

4.

Name the therapy being described: treatment of cancer by radiation

A).chemotherapy

B).radiotherapy

C).physiotherapy

D).ultrahigh frequency therapy

E).magnetotherapy

5.

Name the therapy being described: may include massage

A).radiotherapy

B).physiotherapy

C).phytotherapy

D).medicinal electrophoresis

E).immunotherapy

6.

Name the therapy being described: can involve helping people to walk again

A).phytotherapy

B).magnetotherapy

C).phytotherapy

D).ultrahigh frequency therapy

E).cognitive behavioural therapy

7.

Complete the sentence: …… treatment is given in larger doses than palliative treatment.

A).adjuvant

B).intervention

C).curative

D).remediation

E).complimentary

8.

Complete the sentence: Radiotherapy can be used alongside other treatment as ……. therapy.

A).impairment

B).fraction

C).adjuvant

D).dose

E).circumstance

9.

Complete the sentence: ……. treatment is treatment which helps relieve the symptoms of a condition but does not cure it.

A).palliative

B).adjuvant

C).conservative

D).radioactive

E).environment

10.

Complete the sentence: Radioactive ……. are wires or needles placed into the area to be treated.

A).implants

B).liquids

C).doses

D).circumstances

E).fractions

11.

Complete the sentence: A typical ….. for an adult is 1.8 to 2 Gy.

A).ability

B).shrink

C).chemotherapy

D).fraction

E).liquid

12.

Find the synonym of “complementary”

A).adjuvant

B).ability

C).supplementary

D).movement

E).implants

13.

Find the synonym of “curative”

A).preventive

B).moving

C).palliative

D).adjuvant

E).healing

14.

Find the synonym of “palliate”

A).intensify

B).abate

C).impair

D).harm

E).hurt

15.

Give the definition to “adjuvant”

A).relating to or used in the cure of diseases

B).assisting in the prevention, or cure of disease

C).serving to reduce the violence of a disease

D).an impairment of the normal state of the body

E).serving to supplement

16.

Find the synonym of “impairment”

A).deterioration

B).repair

C).prevention

D).reconstruction

E).recondition

17.

Find the verb:

A).inclusion

B).supplement

C).impair

D).condition

E).manual

18.

Find the adjective:

A).impairment

B).curative

C).geriatrics

D).remediation

E).frequency

19.

Find Participle II

A).shrink

B).shrunk

C).shrinks

D).shrinking

E).shrank

20.

Find Participle I

A).measuring

B).measured

C).measure

D).measures

E).is measured

21.

Find the noun in plural form

A).geriatrics

B).includes

C).electrophoresis

D).Gray

E).abilities

22.

Insert the right word or word combination according to the meaning: Therapy is the attempted ……. of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis.

A).tracing
B).movement

C).fraction

D).adjuvant

E).remediation

23.

Insert the right word or word combination according to the meaning: Radiotherapy may be used in lower doses as …….. treatment to reduce pain and other symptoms of cancer or disease.

A).curative

B).adjuvant

C).palliative

D).combining

E).frequent

24.

Insert the right word or word combination according to the meaning: A radiologist determines the dose and the exact target for the ……. ……….

A).bone cancers

B).radiation beams

C).conservative treatment

D).health-related conditions

E).wellness-oriented programs

25.

Insert the right word or word combination according to the meaning: Physical therapy is a health care profession primarily concerned with the remediation of ……. and disabilities and the promotion of mobility.

A).fraction

B).cancer

C).impairments

---

D).movement

E).lifespan

26.

Insert the right word or word combination according to the meaning: PT management commonly includes prescription of specific exercises, manual therapy, education, manipulation and other ……...

A).interventions

B).relations

C).surgery

D).treatments

E).medicine

27.

Find the synonym of “injury”

A).suffering

B).toxic

C).hurt

D).loss

E).recovery

28.

Find the adverb

A).recovery

B).injury

C).among

D).internally

E).following

29.

Find the antonym of “internal”

A).inner

B).interior

C).cognitive

D).exterior

E).organized

30.

Find the antonym of “prevent”

A).effect

B).guard

C).preclude

D).help

E).assist

31.

Open the brackets

The physician told the woman she (need) take pills.

A). needs to

B). need

C).needs

D). need to

E). to need

32.

Open the brackets

My dentist says I (must to/must not/not must) eat so many sweets

A). must not

B). musted

C). musts

D). must not to

E). not must

33.

Open the brackets

She (have to) to take antibiotics, because she was ill.

A). have to

B).had to

C). had

D). have

E). to have

34.

Open the brackets

I’m sorry. I (should to/ought to) have phoned to tell you I was coming.

A). ought

B). ought to

C). should

D). should to

E). to ought to

35.

Open the brackets

To my mind, Ministry of Health (need) take care of old people

A). may to

B). needed

C). need to

D).need not

E). needs to

36.

Open the brackets

You will (be able to/have/can) speak Spanish in another months

A). can

B). be able

C). have

D). be able to

E).have to

37.

Give the equivalent of the modal verb “Can”

A).could

B).can

C).to be able to

D).have to

E).must

38.

Find the synonym of “include”

A).diagnose

B).treat

C).follow

D).exclude

E).contain

39.

Find the synonym of “treat”

A).cure

B).damage

C).hurt

D).neglect

E).diagnose

40.

Give the equivalent of the modal verb “could”

A).could

B).can

C).to be able to

D).have to

E).must

41.

Give the equivalent of the modal verb “Must”

A).could

B).can

C).to be able to

D).have to

E).must

42.

Give the definition to “protection”

A).a noisy or violent crowd of people

B).the power that your body needs in order to do physical things

C).the process of keeping someone or something safe

D).a unit for measuring an electric current

E).a drug that increases energy and excitement

43.

Find the right part of speech to “environmental”

A).adjective

B).adverb

C).verb

D).noun

E).participle

44.

Give the antonym to “external”

A).internal

B).respiratory

C).lateral

D).serous

E).subserous

45.

Find the synonym of “restore”

A).maintain

B).recover

C).include

D).record

E).impair

46.

Insert the right word or word combination: Physical therapy, massage and exercise therapy, hydrotherapy are in most cases ……...

A).circumstance

B).shrink

C).curative

D).adjuvant

E).complementary

47.

Find the verb

A).maintenance

B).development

C).threaten

D).adjuvant

E).environment

48.

Find the synonym of “assistant”

A).manual

B).helper

C).complementary

D).cure

E).physician

49.

Find the synonym of “influence”

A).impact

B).weakness

C).assistance

D).development

E). maintenance

50.

Give the equivalent of the modal verb “May”

A).to be allowed to

B).has to

C).to be able to

D).have to

E).must

ЭТАЛОН ОТВЕТОВ

1	C	11	D	21	E	31	A	41	D
2	E	12	C	22	E	32	A	42	C
3	D	13	E	23	C	33	B	43	A
4	B	14	B	24	B	34	B	44	A
5	B	15	B	25	C	35	E	45	B
6	A	16	A	26	A	36	D	46	E
7	C	17	C	27	C	37	C	47	C
8	C	18	B	28	D	38	E	48	B
9	A	19	B	29	D	39	A	49	A
10	A	20	A	30	A	40	C	50	A

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