Файл: Занятие Тема Знакомство. Внешность. Одежда. Правила поведения и дресскода.docx

Greeting someone according to the time of day is another popular form ofgreeting.Pleasebeawarethat «Goodnight» isneverused,unlessyouaresaying «Goodbye» to someone after an evening meal, drinks or event. If you aremeeting someone at 9 pm before a meal or an event, remember to use «Goodevening». A more informal way of using these types of greetings is to shortenthem and simply say «Morning», «Afternoon» and «Evening». The best way toreply is to repeat the greeting back. «Hello» is the easiest and most popular wayof greeting someone in social or semi-social occasions or even in some relaxedworkplaces.Thisisoftenabbreviatedto«Hi»or«Hiya!».«Hiya»isanabbreviation of «How are you?». But in most cases there is no need to say «Howyou are»and allyouneed todois repeat«Hiya»back.All the How questions are pretty informal and are usually used to greetsomebody you know or have met before. In response it is polite to show aninterestinthepersonandtofollowyourreplywith «Whataboutyou?» orsomething similar.The degree of formality in What questions is very low as the relationship

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between the speakers is well-established. You probably know what they havebeen up to, hence the answer «Nothing much». The respective goodbye responsein such situations in the UK are «Catch you later» and a «Have a good one» (acool wayof sayinghave agoodday!).«Allright,mate?»isagreetingwhichisBritishandwhichliterallymeans «Are you all right, my friend?». Nowadays it simply means «Hello, howare you?» between close friends and family. The informality transpires in theansweras well («Yep,and you?»/«Yep,hunkydory»/«Yep,hiya! »).Learning how to introduce yourself is an essential part of learning how toconverse in English. Introductions are also an important part of making smalltalk at parties or other social events. Introductory phrases are different from theonesweusetogreetfriends,buttheyareoftenusedtogetheraspartsofthebroader conversation, asyou will see. Introductions can occur between morethantwopeople,for exampleat apartyoratabusinessmeeting.When you meet someone for the first time, it is common to greet them bysaying «It's a pleasure to meet you» or «Pleased to meet you». It is polite torespond byrepeatingthestatementback atthem.In informal situations, especially in the USA, introductions are also madesimplysaying«Thisis…(name)».Itisalsocommontojustsay«Hi»or«Hello»asaresponseinthisinformalsetting.Beyond the greeting, which may involve a verbal acknowledgment andsometimes a handshake, facial expression, gestures, body language, and eyecontact canallsignalwhattypeof greetingis expected.

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Decide if the following statements about the text are true or false:

1.The first time you meet someone it is polite to greet him or her.2.«How do you do?» is used to show respect towards somebody.3.Greeting someone according to the time of the year is very popular.4.In formalsituations,«Hello»isoftenabbreviatedto«Hi».5.When youmeetsomeoneafter9pm,there isnoneed to greetthem.

4. Answer the following questions:

1.Is «Hello» the easiest and most popular way of greeting someone?2.What types of questions areused to greetsomebodyyouknow?3.Whyislearninghowtointroduceyourself important?4.What common ways of saying goodbye are there in English?5.Is itpolite toshowaninterestinthe person youmeet?

5. Complete the following statements using information from the

5.InAmerican Englishintroductionsaremadesimplysaying…

6. Summarise the key points of the text and retell it.

7. 
   Translate the text in a written form.
   

2. APPEARANCE

   1. 
      Answer the following questions:
      

1. 
   How would you describe yourself?
   
2. 
   Who do you look like?
   
3. 
   What special features do you have?
   

2. Read the text silently and then out aloud.

Appearance is the way someone or something looks.We describe peopleall the time. For example, youmight tell your friends what your boss is like.You might tell your sister what that cuteperson you saw looks like. Evenoutside of everyday conversations, it is very useful to know how to describepeople.Descriptionsareusedinbooks,inarticlesandinotherkindsofcommunicationinEnglish. Reading orhearing adescriptionofsomeonecangiveyouabetterideaof what theylooklikeor actlike.This is a list of adjectives to describe a person’s appearance: beautiful (My

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younger sister is very beautiful); handsome (He’s the most handsome man I’veever met); cute (That’s a cute little baby); thin (She was looking pale and thin);tall (She’s tall and thin); chubby (She was eleven years old andpretty in achubby sort of way); muscular (He was tall, lean and muscular); attractive (Theactress isan attractive woman).Some ways of describing people are polite and respectful. Of course, otherwaystodescribepeoplecanbeconsideredrude.Forexample,sayingsomeoneis full-bodied or curvy is nicerthan sayingthat they are fat. However, ifyouhave to think of a nicer way to say something, maybe it is better not to say it atall. Use judgment and common sense. Think about how you would feel if youheard someone usingthesame wordstodescribeyou.Todescribesomeone’sheight,youcansaytheyare tall or short.Tallpeoplearehigherthanshortpeople.Someonewhoisthinandtallcanbecalled lanky. To say someone is short and also small, you can say they are petite.Ifyouaretalkingabout achild,theymightbepint-sized.Someonewhoweighsmorethanaveragecanbe curvy, well-built, full-bodied or heavy. Curvy is usually only used to describe women. You might alsosay someone has some meat on their bones. This is a casual way of saying theyare overweight, and it might seem rude to someone sensitive. The opposite ofoverweight canbethin, slimorskinny.Light, yellowish hair can be described as blonde. But you can also call aperson who has that kind of hair a blonde. This means blonde can be used as anoun or an adjective. A person with dark hair can be called a brunette. Someonewith redhair canbecalledaredhead.Besides what color someone’s hair is, you also can say they are short-haired or long-haired. Youcansaytheyhave curly, straight or wavy hair.Sometimes hair can also be frizzy, which is when it looks puffy with small, tightcurls.Ifsomeonehas nohair atallontheirhead,theyarebald.Men sometimes have hair on their faces. Hair that covers the chin andcheeks is called a beard. When there is hair only above the lips it is a moustache.A beard that is only on the chin can be called a goatee. None of these areadjectives. They are all nouns. To describe someone with a beard, you wouldsay,«He hasabeard».Howdoesa person look overall?If you thinka womanis attractive, youcansay sheis beautiful, pretty ormaybeeven gorgeous (very beautiful).Youcancallanattractiveman handsome. Bothmenandwomencanbe good-looking.Ifyouarespeakingverycasually,good-looking

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men or women can be hot. To say someone is not very good-looking, you can say, «They are not much to look at». This is not a nice way to describe someone, but it is better than ugly.

If someone dresses well, they are smartly dressed or they look smart. You can also just say they are well-dressed. If someone dresses fashionably, they are stylish or trendy. If someone has bad taste in clothes, you can say they are unfashionable. A less nice way to say this is frumpy.

People can be sensitive about their body shape or age, so be careful when you are describing people. In particular, three words that can cause offense are

«fat», «thin» and «old». Using «a bit» or «a little» before adjectives can make what you say sound more tactful. For example, «He’s a little heavy» or «She’s a bit overweight» are less direct and more polite.

3. Decide if the following statements about the text are true or false:

1. 
   It is not very useful to know how to describe people.
   
2. 
   There are some ways of describing people that can be considered rude. 3.People can be sensitive about their appearance or age.
   

4.It is natural for people to describe other people or things.5.An attractive woman canbe described ashandsome.

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