Файл: Занятие 40 Выдающиеся исторические события и личности Цель совершенствовать навыки изучающего чтения.docx
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Практическое занятие № 40 «Выдающиеся исторические события и личности»
Цель: совершенствовать навыки изучающего чтения
Оборудование, принадлежности, учебные материалы: словарь
Указания к работе:
Познакомьтесь с одним из самых влиятельных людей в британской истории – премьер-министром сэром Уинстоном Черчиллем. Прочитайте текст, выполните упражнения.
Ход работы:
1. Прочитайте текст об Уинстоне Черчилле и определите, какие утверждения после текста верные (true), неверные (false) или в тексте не сказано (not stated).
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC (Can). (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. A noted (знаменитый) statesman, orator and strategist, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army. He has been studied to a unique extent as part of modern British and world history. A prolific author, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953 for his own historical writings.
During his army career Churchill saw combat (сражение) with the Malakand Field Force on the Northwest Frontier, at the Battle of Omdurman in the Sudan and during the Second Boer War in South Africa. During this period he also gained fame, and not a small amount of notoriety, as a correspondent. At the forefront of the political scene for almost sixty years, Churchill held numerous political and cabinet positions. Before the First World War, he served as President of the Board of Trade and Home Secretary during the Liberal governments.
In the First World War Churchill served in numerous positions, as First Lord of the Admiralty, Minister of Munitions, Secretary of State for War and Secretary of State for Air. He also served in the British Army on the Western Front and commanded the 6th Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers. During the interwar years, he served as Chancellor of the Exchequer.
After the outbreak (начало) of the Second World War, Churchill was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. Following the resignation of Neville Chamberlain in May 1940, he became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and led the British war effort against the Axis powers. His speeches were a great inspiration to the embattled Allied forces.
After losing the 1945 election, Churchill became the leader of the opposition. In 1951, Churchill again became Prime Minister before finally retiring in 1955. Upon his death, he was granted the honour of a state funeral (государственные похороны) which saw one of the largest assemblies of politicians in the world.
1. Winston Churchill was Prime Minister of the UK twice.
2. He was awarded a Nobel Prize for his leadership in the war.
3. He was named Chancellor of the Exchequer during the war.
4. He won the election in 1945.
2. Выпишите из текста все заслуги, чины и должности, занимаемые Черчиллем на протяжении всей жизни.
3. Озаглавьте каждый абзац.
4. Составьте по данному тексту хронологическую таблицу биографии Уинстона Черчилля.
5. Уинстон Черчилль также знаменит своими цитатами. Вот некоторые из них. Прочитайте и подберите к ним эквиваленты (к некоторым цитатам эквивалентов нет).
1. We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.
2. If you’re going through hell, keep going.
3. You have enemies? Good. That means you’ve stood up for something, sometime in your life.
4. To improve is to change, so to be perfect is to have changed often.
5. I never ‘worry’ about action, but only about inaction.
6. Success consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm.
7. You will never get to the end of the journey if you stop to shy a stone at every dog that barks.
8. Never, never, never give in!
9. One always measures friendships by how they show up in bad weather.
10. Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts.
11. For myself I am an optimist — it does not seem to be much use being anything else.
a. Если вы идёте через ад – идите, не останавливаясь.
b. У тебя есть враги? Хорошо. Значит, в своей жизни ты что-то когда-то отстаивал.
c. Успех – это способность шагать от одной неудачи к другой, не теряя энтузиазма.
d. Никогда, никогда, никогда не сдавайтесь!
e. Я – оптимист. Не вижу особой пользы быть чем-то ещё.
f. Мы зарабатываем на жизнь тем, что у нас есть; но мы создаем жизнь тем, что отдаем.
g. Успех - не окончателен, провал - не фатален: имеет значение лишь смелость продолжить путь.
h. Я никогда не беспокоюсь о действиях, только о бездействиях.
Критерии оценки практического занятия
| Задания | Баллы | Примечание |
| 1. | 20 | Каждый правильный ответ 4 балла |
| 2. | 22 | Не менее 10 ответов 22 балла Не менее 7 ответов 15 баллов Менее 5 ответов 11 баллов |
| 3. | 20 | Каждый подходящий заголовок 4 балла |
| 4. | 22 | Грамотно составленная таблица 22 балла В таблице представлены не все даты 15 баллов |
| 5. | 16 | Каждый правильный ответ 2 балла |
| Процент результативности (правильных ответов) | Качественная оценка индивидуальных образовательных достижений | |
| балл (отметка) | вербальный аналог | |
| 90 ÷ 100 | 5 | отлично |
| 80 ÷ 89 | 4 | хорошо |
| 70 ÷ 79 | 3 | удовлетворительно |
| менее 70 | 2 | не удовлетворительно |
Практическое занятие № 41 «Выдающиеся исторические события и личности»
Цель: сформировать грамматические навыки
Оборудование, принадлежности, учебные материалы: словарь
Указания к работе:
Прочитайте текст, выполните к нему задания. Познакомьтесь с условными предложениями.
Ход работы:
1. Прочитайте текст и найдите в нём интернациональные слова.
Outstanding Events in the History of Great Britain
There were many outstanding events in the history of Great Britain.
England was added to the Roman Empire in 43 A. D. Roman invasion played a very important role in the history of the country. The Romans built the first roads in the country, dug the first wells. The Romans, who were great architects, constructed the first towns in Britain.
After the withdrawal of Roman legions in 410, different tribes tried to control the territory of Britain. But the Normans influenced the British civilization most of all. They came in 1066 under the leadership of William the Conqueror. As the invaders spoke French, their speech influenced the English language. That is why English comprises a lot of French words and word combinations.
In the 18th century technological and commercial innovation led to the Industrial Revolution. The thirteen North American Colonies were lost, but replaced by colonies in Canada and India.
Once more the British had to face the French in 1805 at the battle of Trafalgar. Then Admiral Nelson won a great victory over the French fleet. In order to commemorate this event the main square in London is named after this battle. And the monument to Admiral Nelson was erected on this square.
Many historical events and personalities led the country to the position of the powerful and highly-developed state.
2. Напишите, от каких слов образованы выделенные в тексте производные слова. Переведите их.
3. Задайте 5 вопросов к тексту.
Критерии оценки практического занятия
| Задания | Баллы | Примечание |
| 1. | 21 | Не менее 15 интернациональных слов 2 балл Не менее 10 слов 15 баллов Менее 8 слов 10 баллов |
| 2. | 24 | Каждый правильный ответ с переводом 3 балла |
| 3. | 25 | Каждый правильно составленный вопрос 5 баллов |
Практическое занятие № 42 «Выдающиеся исторические события и личности»
Цель: совершенствовать навыки ознакомительного чтения
Оборудование, принадлежности, учебные материалы: словарь
Указания к работе:
Вам предстоит познакомиться с одним из величайших полководцев и государственных деятелей Рима и всех времен. Прочитайте текст, выполните к нему задания.
Ход работы:
1. Прочитайте и передайте основное содержание текста (на русском языке).
JULIUS CAESAR
The statesman and general Julius Caesar (100 – 44 B.C.) expanded (расширил) the Roman Republic through a series of battles across Europe before declaring himself dictator for life. He died famously on the steps of the Senate at the hands of political rivals (политические оппоненты). Julius Caesar is often remembered as one of the greatest military minds (военное мышление) in history and credited with laying the foundation for the Roman Empire. Gaius Julius Caesar, one of the world's greatest military leaders, was born into a senatorial, 70 and was the nephew of another famous Roman general, Marius. After the death of Marius and the rise of Sulla, Caesar's life was for a time in jeopardy, but in the early 60s B.C. he launched his own successful political and military career. Rising rapidly, he campaigned successfully for the consulship in 60 B.C. and struck a deal with two of Rome's leading figures, Pompey the Great and Crassus. Together the three of them became known as the First Triumvirate and controlled Rome throughout the 50s B.C., until Caesar and Pompey, after Crassus's death, went to war against one another in 49 B.C.
During the heyday (расцвет) of the First Triumvirate, Caesar devoted his energies to the conquest of Gaul (modern France). Caesar was by then inextricably (неразрывно) involved in the affairs of Gaul. Over the next several years, in a series of brilliant campaigns, the Roman general conquered all of Gaul and made it a Roman province. The conquest required several difficult battles in northern Gaul and the crossing of the Rhine over a trestle bridge constructed by Roman engineers. In the summers of 55 and 54 B.C., Caesar sailed across the English Channel, thereby (таким образом. )securing his northern flank along the Rhine in Gaul by precluding a Celtic attack from across the Channel, though Britain did not become a Roman province for another hundred years.
Early in 49, as his command in Gaul was coming to an end, Caesar began civil war with his old associate (союзник), Pompey the Great, who had allied himself with the Roman Senate against Caesar. In a surprising blitzkrieg, Caesar invaded Italy and drove Pompey into Macedonia in less than seventy days. Since Pompey had a fleet (флот) and Caesar did not, Caesar decided to attack Spain, where Pompey had strong support, while Caesar's men constructed warships. Victorious in Spain, Caesar then sailed to Macedonia, but he could not dislodge (изгнать) Pompey from his base. Caesar finally raised the siege, fell back into central Greece, and defeated Pompey, who had pursued him. Caesar was then drawn into an affair with Cleopatra in Egypt and finally had to fight two more battles with Pompey followers in North Africa and in Spain. Triumphant all over the Mediterranean, the great general was assassinated by political rivals on the Ides [′aIdz] of March in 44 B.C., as he prepared an invasion of the Parthian Empire.
2. Определите, какие утверждения верные (true), неверные (false) или частично верные (partially true).
1. Julius Caesar is often remembered as the founder of the Roman Empire.
2. Julius Caesar was one of the world's greatest military leaders.
3. Caesar conquered Britain making it a part of the Roman Empire.
4. Early in 49 Caesar began civil war with his old associate, Pompey.
5. Through a series of battles Caesar became triumphant all over the Mediterranean.
6. After defeating Pompey Caesar proclaimed himself an emperor.
7. Caesar was assassinated by a group of senators led by Brutus.
8. Julius Caesar expanded the territory of the Roman Republic.
3. Задайте 10 вопросов к тексту.
Критерии оценки практического занятия
| Задания | Баллы | Примечание |
| 1. | 38 | В содержании изложены все основные факты 38 баллов В содержании изложены не все факты 27 баллов |
| 2. | 32 | Каждый правильный ответ 4 балла |
| 3. | 30 | Каждый правильно составленный вопрос 3 балла |
| Процент результативности (правильных ответов) | Качественная оценка индивидуальных образовательных достижений | |
| балл (отметка) | вербальный аналог | |
| 90 ÷ 100 | 5 | отлично |
| 80 ÷ 89 | 4 | хорошо |
| 70 ÷ 79 | 3 | удовлетворительно |
| менее 70 | 2 | не удовлетворительно |
Практическое занятие № 43 «Исторические памятники»
Цель: совершенствовать навыки поискового чтения
Оборудование, принадлежности, учебные материалы: словарь
Указания к работе:
Познакомьтесь с одним из величайших исторических памятников, одним из старейших сооружений Англии и один из главных символов Великобритании, занимающий особое место в истории английской нации. Прочитайте текст, выполните к нему задания.
Ход работы:
1. Прочитайте текст, ответьте на вопросы
The Tower of London
Lower Thames Street traces the medieval banks of the river past the old Billingsgate Fish Market and the elegant Custom House. A squat stone building commands this southeast corner of the City: the medieval Tower of London.