The tower has served over the centuries as fortress, palace, prison and museum, as well as arsenal, archive, menagerie and treasure chest. William the Conqueror built the inner keep, the White Tower, as both a military stronghold and a means of impressing his new subjects in England. Construction began in the 1070s and was completed by 1100. It was the largest building in Britain and soon symbolised royal domination. It remained a royal residence until the 16th century, when the court moved to more comfortable quarters in Westminster. The tower then became the storehouse for the Crown Jewels and the most infamous prison and execution ground in London. After 1747 the tower served as the Royal Mint, Archive and Menagerie – until the elephants, lions and bears were moved to Regent’s Park Zoo. German spies were executed here in both world wars.

The White Tower contains the diminutive St John’s Chapel, built in 1080 and now the oldest church in London. Beneath Waterloo Barracks is a vault containing the Crown Jewels, including the Imperial State Crown, which sparkles with over 3,000 stones, and the Royal Sceptre, which centres around a 530- carat diamond called the Star of Africa. Also worth seeing are the Crowns and Diamonds exhibition in the Martin Tower, the Regimental Museum’s permanent display of weapons from the mid-17th to mid-19th century, and the New Armouries, which is given over to temporary exhibitions. The tower is protected by the Yeoman Warders or “Beefeaters”, so-called because they were founded in the 16th century as the buffetiers or guardians of the king’s buffet (they were allowed to eat as much beef as they wanted from the king’s table). One Yeoman Warder doubles up as Ravenmaster, caring for the Tower’s famous ravens. Legend has it that London will fall if the ravens ever leave the Tower – their wings are carefully clipped to ensure they stay.
1. Where is the Tower of London situated?

2. What was the Tower of London many years ago and what is it now?

3. What could tourists see in the Tower of London?

4. What towers are there in the Tower of London?

5. Who built the White Tower and why?

6. When was St John’s Chapel built?

7. Why were the Yeoman Warders called “Beefeaters”?

8. What legends and traditions are connected with the Tower of London?

2. Дополните предложения.

1. Lower Thames Street traces… 2. The Tower of London does not belong to the City, though… 3. The Tower of London was originally built as… 4. The Yeoman Warders who are ex-service men… 5. The White Tower contains… 6. The Crowns and Diamonds exhibition… 7. There are some dark aspects connected with the Tower of London such as…
3. Вставьте пропущенные слова.

The Tower _1_ London has been “fortress, palace, home _2_ the Crown Jewels and national treasures, arsenal, mint, prison, observatory, zoo and tourist attraction”, wrote the Duke _3_ Edinburg _4_ a book celebrating the Tower’s 900th anniversary. __5__ its earliest days royalty lived _6_ the secure White Tower, _7_ walls up _8_15 feet thick but _9_ the reign _10_ Henry III these apartments were _11_ Tower and River. The Traitor’s Gate, the river entry, summons _12_ the vision _13_ distinguished prisoners, doomed to die – _14_ Sir Walter Raleigh, imprisoned _15_ 13 years _16_ Queen Ann Boleyn.
4. Побудьте в роли гида. Напишите туристам о Лондонском Тауэре.

Критерии оценки практического занятия

Задания	Баллы	Примечание
1.	24	Каждый правильный ответ 3 балла
2.	28	Каждый правильный ответ 4 балла
3.	32	Каждый правильный ответ 2 балла
4	16	Подробный рассказ в хорошем темпе не менее 10 предложений 16 бал. Сжатый рассказ в хорошем темпе 11 баллов Краткий рассказ с грубыми ошибками 8 баллов

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Процент результативности (правильных ответов)	Качественная оценка индивидуальных образовательных достижений
	балл (отметка)	вербальный аналог
90 ÷ 100	5	отлично
80 ÷ 89	4	хорошо
70 ÷ 79	3	удовлетворительно
менее 70	2	не удовлетворительно

Практическое занятие № 44 «Финансовые учреждения и услуги»
Цель: сформировать лексические навыки

Оборудование, принадлежности, учебные материалы: словарь

Указания к работе:

Познакомьтесь с терминами, используемыми в банке. Выполните тренировочные упражнения на их закрепление.
Ход работы:

1. Переведите следующие слова

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2. Прочитайте текст и проверьте, как вы поняли его содержание. Ответьте на вопросы после текста, выбрав правильный вариант ответа.
Banking

Banks are financial institutions that provide customers with a variety of valuable services, including the ability to wire money to a person or company, the ability to store money in a checking or savings account, the ability to collect interest on investments, the ability to receive loans, and much more.

Banks are most commonly used by customers who wish to store their money and access it as needed, with a debit card (a card that's simply attached to the funds in one's account), or checks (individually numbered paper slips that can be used to designate a transfer of funds). Checking and savings accounts are the primary means of storing money in a bank; a checking account is designed to house money that will be spent, while a savings account is designed to house money that will be saved. Banks usually pay a small amount of interest, or a payment in the form of a percentage of a customer's deposited balance, to customers. This is their way of showing support for clients who entrust them with their money.

These funds are then used by banks, along with their credit, to perform other functions and offer additional services. For example, many customers use banks to secure home mortgages, or multiyear loans through which ownership (or equity) of a home is achieved. Customers demonstrate that they're able to pay a mortgage back (usually by providing proof of income and investments, in addition to a down payment, or a lump sum paid up front), and select a time period for this mortgage; short mortgage payment periods require larger monthly payments, but customers are charged less interest, while longer mortgage payment periods require smaller monthly payments, but customers are charged more interest.

Lastly, many banking customers request a personal loan. Personal loans are loans issued and approved by financial experts that're designed to be used by customers for specific purposes. For example, one may secure a personal loan for a business plan or an automobile. Personal loans, like home mortgages, are issued based upon a customer's ability to pay the borrowed sum back; banks also charge a small amount of interest, meaning in this case a percentage of the borrowed money extra, besides its core balance.

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1. What are banks?

a) Desktop containers wherein money is stored

b) Multifaceted financial institutions that provide an array of services

c) Places where companies earn extra money

d) Establishments used exclusively by investors to increase their worth

2. How is money most commonly stored in a bank?

a) In the vault

b) In the form of stocks and bonds

c) In personal checking and savings accounts

d) In a number of safes

3. What is a home mortgage?

a) A means through which banks pay customers for their home

b) A complex home ownership plan sold by banks to clients

c) Fees charged by a bank for home repair costs

d) A loan commonly issued by banks that allows qualified clients to own their home, provided they offer a down payment and pay their monthly mortgage bill for the agreed upon period

4. What is a personal loan?

a) Money given freely by creditors for almost any purpose

b) A loan offered by creditors to be used for the payment of a house

c) A loan issued by a creditor to a qualified individual for a pre-determined purpose

d) Money available to anyone who visits a bank twice weekly

5. What is interest?

a) The amount of attention given or shown by a person

b) A percentage of a sum that is charged to credit customers

c) The means through which a creditor or provider of funds is paid for his or her support

d) b) and c)

Критерии оценки практического занятия

Задания	Баллы	Примечание
1.	48	Каждый правильный ответ 6 баллов
2.	50	Каждый правильный ответ 10 баллов

Процент результативности (правильных ответов)	Качественная оценка индивидуальных образовательных достижений
	балл (отметка)	вербальный аналог
90 ÷ 99	5	отлично
80 ÷ 89	4	хорошо
70 ÷ 79	3	удовлетворительно
менее 70	2	не удовлетворительно

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