§ 18. SHIPPING DOCUMENTS
If cargoes are carried by a ship, the shipper is obliged to char­ter the ship. The freighting or chartering of such a ship is done through a shipping agent, who signs an agreement with the ship­owner in the name of the Charterer. Such an agreement is called the Charter-party. The Charter-party must include all terms concerning the rate of freight, the lime of loading, the port or ports of destination, The loading conditions, and so on. After signing such an agreement the ship is considered to be chartered and the loading of the goods may begin.

The stevedore looks after the stowage and the trimming in the holds, in order to fill the cargo space and to protect the goods from any damage during the voyage.

As soon as the cargo, agreed upon the Charter-party is loaded, the Captain of the ship hands over to the shipper a signed receipt, which confirms that the whole cargo is received on board ship.

Such a receipt is called the Bill of Lading. Depending on the requirements of the shippers, the Bill of Lading is issued in three, four, or more copies.

A Manifest is a document containing complete specifications of the goods loaded by a ship. Cargo manifests are drawn up by the agents in the ports of loading, based upon the Bills of Lading. The Manifest contains the following data: the name of the ship, port of loading and date of departure, port of destination, number of Bill of Lading, marks of packages and contents, names of ship­pers and consignees, weight of packages, rate of freight per unit, total freight.

Mate’s Receipt is a document signed by the Chief Officer, acknowledging the receipt of cargo on board ship. If the cargo is not “in apparent good order and condition” a corresponding remark will be inserted in the Mate’s Receipt. The Mate’s Receipt is exchanged for Bills of Lading when loading is finished.

Bill of Lading is issued after all mate’s receipts have been col­lected. Bill of Lading contains the same descriptions of goods and remarks.

Cargo-plan or Stowage plan shows the part of the hold and the holds in which the various cargo pieces have been slowed. It shows marks and destination of cargo.

Cargo-plan gives a clear picture of the disposition of each car­go piece.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ
agreement – соглашение

concerning – касающийся

in the name – от имени

the rate of freight – ставка (стоимость) фрахта

loading conditions – условия погрузки

to look after – зд. следить за чем-либо

to hand over – вручать

in apparent good order and condition – в надлежащем по внешнему виду состоянии

to exchange for – обменивать на ...

acknowledging – подтверждающий
СЛОВА, ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ДЛЯ АКТИВНОГО УСВОЕНИЯ
shipper, shipowner, charter, charterer, term, Bill of Lading, Charter-party, Manifest, Mate’s Receipt, to issue, specifications, to acknowledge, to exchange for ...

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
I. Запомните значение следующих слов, имеющих общий ко­рень:

1. 
   to ship, shipper, shipowner, shipping;
   
2. 
   to carry, carrier, carriage;
   
3. 
   to charter, charterer, chartering;
   
4. 
   to agree, agreement;
   
5. 
   to consign, consignee, consignment.
   

II. Вставьте соответствующие предлоги: with, in, through, upon, from, for, after:

1. 
   The chartering of a ship is done ... a shipping agent.
   
2. 
   The shipping agent signed the agreement ... the shipowner yesterday.
   
3. 
   I want to inform you ... the name of the Charterer that there will be no dangerous cargo to be loaded.
   
4. 
   Please, protect the fragile cargo ... damage.
   
5. 
   ­The cargo agreed ... the Charter-party has been loaded today.
   
6. 
   Cargo manifests are based … the Bills of Lading.
   
7. 
   We shall exchange the Mate’s Receipt ... the Bill of Lading.
   
8. 
   Bills of Lading are issued ... all Mate’s Receipts have been collected.
   

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III. Выберите из правой колонки определения, которыми можно заменить форму-

лировки в левой колонке:

A document signed by the Chief Offi­cer, acknowledging the receipt of cargo on board ship. A document containing complete speci­fication of the goods loaded by a ship. A document which shows the clear dis­position of each cargo piece on board ship. An agreement with the shipowner for the carriage the goods. A document which is exchanged for the Mate’s Receipt.

I. Bill of Lading II. Cargo-plan III. Mate’s Re­ceipt IV. Manifest V. Charter-Par­ty

IV. Какие слова являются лишними в каждой группе:

1. 
   rate, degree, size, length;
   
2. 
   cargoes, goods, commodities, vessels;
   
3. 
   to freight, to charter, to hire, to buy;
   
4. 
   to unload, to discharge, to take out, to throw out;
   
5. 
   to protect, to defend, to prevent.
   

V. Справедливы ли следующие утверждения?

Если да, ответьте “It’s right”, если нет — “It’s wrong”:

1. 
   Cargo delivered in “sound condition” means damaged cargo.
   
2. 
   Chartering a ship is done through a stevedore.
   
3. 
   An agreement for carriage cargoes is called Bill of Lading.
   
4. 
   The Captain of a ship hands over to the shipper a con­firmation that the whole cargo is received on board ship.
   
5. 
   Cargo-plan shows the disposition of the goods in the holds.
   

VI. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. 
   What do you call “Charter-Party”?
   
2. 
   What do you call “Bill of Lading”?
   
3. 
   What do you call “Manifest”?
   
4. 
   What do you call “Mate’s Receipt”?
   
5. 
   What do you call “Cargo-plan”?
   
6. 
   How is chartering usually done?
   
7. 
   Who signs the Charter-Party in the name of the Charterer?
   
8. 
   What terms must the Charter-Party include?
   
9. 
   What does the number of copies of Bill of Lading depend on?
   
10. 
    What does the Cargo Manifest base upon?
    
11. 
    Who signs Mate’s Receipts?
    
12. 
    What does the Mate’s Receipt acknowledge?
    
13. 
    What does the term “In apparent good order and condition” mean?
    
14. 
    What is the Mate’s Receipt exchanged for?
    
15. 
    When is the Bill of Lading issued?
    
16. 
    Is there any difference between Cargo-plan and Stowage plan?
    

VII. Выучите следующие диалоги:

Диалог № 1

Cargo Officer. — I can’t give you a clean receipt (чистая расписка) for this lot of furs since

some skins are soiled.

Stevedore. — According to the terms of Bill of Lading, make an appropriate reserve in your

Receipt.

Cargo Officer. — I’ll do it without delay.

---

Диалог № 2

Stevedore. — Mr. Mate, will you kindly sign the Mate’s Re­ceipt, and we’ll be through with this

Shipping Order?

Second Mate. — Here you are, Sir! What is the next lot?

St. — Next lot under Shipping Order No 27 consists of 860 cases. I think they will finish it

before dinner. During dinner your ship will be shifted to another pier.

S. M. — I know that. It’s a few hundred metres from here, along the same pier.

St. — Now my men have already commenced work. So, I’ll see you later.

S. M. — But it’s impossible to start work now.

St. — Why not? What’s the matter? The break is over.

S. M. — Don’t you see it’ll rain in a few minutes?

St. — The rain won’t be too heavy, I think the work may go on.

S. M. — I can’t agree with you, Sir. We’ll hardly have time to close the hatches. The work must

be stopped, otherwise the cargo will become wet. And, please, tell the workers on the

pier to take those two drafts back to the shed. We’ll reject every wet package. I’ll make

proper entries in the Time-sheet.

St. — All right if you insist. As I told you, your ship is to be shifted ahead. The tug has already

been ordered by one o’clock.

S. M. — All right. But we’ll continue the work only if the weather permits.

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