Файл: Practice with keys.pdf

GRAMMAR 15 CONSOLIDATION 3

5 Put a suitable preposition in each space.

6 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a)We were in Venice a week ago today. time

b)Joe had financial problems, but bought a new motorbike. despite

c)I couldn't drink the soup, as it was too hot. to

d)Susan was tired, so she decided to go to bed. that

e)We spoke in whispers as we didn't want to wake the baby. not

f)I kept looking for my missing watch, but I knew it was no use. even

g)There were a lot of people, and I couldn't see the screen properly. that

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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

7 Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.

(2)the bus station through the town centre, looking for

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G R A M M A R 15 C O N S O L I D A T I O N 3

8Look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. Tick each correct line. If a line has a word which should not be there, write the word in the space.

The electronic age

I recently learned how to use a computer, and

I have many friends who they play computer games

at home. However, although recently I have begun to worry that in nowadays we rely too much on electronic gadgets. Once before people managed to write and think using

their brains, but now many people have become so accustomed to using machines, so that they can't do anything without them. There are many people who they depend on electronic gadgets completely. For an instance, many of my friends sit at home in the evening and watch television, and instead of going

out so to meet people. I think that this makes everybody feel more lonely, even though they learn a lot about people all over in the world. Of course there are many electronic gadgets that save us time, though not all

of them are really necessary. I am in favour of some gadgets, but I am against of having everything in life depending on pushing a button.

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These words are also used in other ways: must for obligation (see next section) and can('t) for ability (see above).

•May, might and could

These words all express uncertainty or possibility. Could is not used with not in this context.

/ might go out, I don't know. I could get wet!

The meaning for all three words is approximately 50 per cent probability. But if we stress the modal verb strongly in speech the probability is reduced.

/ might see you later if I finish my work, but don't count on it. (might is strongly stressed in speech)

•Should and ought to

These words are both used for obligation (see next section).

But they also have a meaning related to certainty - they are used when we expect that something will happen.

Brenda should be home by now. (I expect that she is)

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G R A M M A R 1 6 M O D A L VERBS: PRESENT A N D FUTURE

•Mustn't and don't have to

Be careful: must and have to are very similar in their affirmative forms (see previous paragraph) but they are completely different in their negative forms.

Mustn't describes something which is prohibited. Don't have to describes something which is not necessary.

You mustn't leave now. (It's not allowed. It's against the rules.)

You don't have to leave now. (It's not necessary. You have a choice.)

•Should and ought to

These words have the same meaning. They are used to say what is the best thing to do. They can be used to give an opinion, some advice, or polite instructions.

We should do something different for our holidays this year.

I think you should see a doctor.

- Had better

This phrase gives strong advice about how to stop something going wrong. It can refer to present or future time.

•Is/Are to

This is used in formal instructions. Not is stressed.

No-one is to leave the room. You are not to leave the room.

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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.

a)There's someone at the door. It can/must be the postman.

b)Don't worry, you don't have to/mustn't pay now.

c)I think you had better/would better take a pullover with you.

d)Jones could/must be president if Smith has to resign.

e)Sorry, I can't stay any longer. I have to/might go.

f)It was 5 o'clock an hour ago. Your watch can't/mustn't be right.

g)It's a school rule, all the pupils have to/must wear a uniform.

h)I suppose that our team must/should win, but I'm not sure.

i)Let's tell Diana. She could/might not know.

j)In my opinion, the government might/should do something about this.

2Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a) I think you should give up smoking immediately.

had

b)I expect we will get there by 5.00, if there isn't too much traffic. should

We 5.00, if there isn't too much traffic.

c) Is it necessary for me to bring my passport?