ВУЗ: Не указан
Категория: Не указан
Дисциплина: Не указана
Добавлен: 28.04.2025
Просмотров: 2039
Скачиваний: 3
& A# " #/ $"" #%A & # $# " A & #" #% ? #/ A #"$&*% # " # > E #/ # #8 *- E A # $8 > & E # % /" @=# ! .#" $# " $# " A & % % .
166
. . , ".; . . . * : , . . ., . " ". ( 71$, 2. )
!
'" = 8 !$? > @=# % > $"$@ ! #, " =# 2 % $& " / >, "& &* , 3—5 A/& &- #" > " & / ( & # ). & $& A & # " & / " ! * $A- " ? "" #@ "$# &* > C& ? "" @=# " ,
" " > C& A# >. < # #$ /" # C&- A# " % /" ## $8 A C& # " A $& ! @ C8 &*"#@. D C / &*@ #"$&*% @ C& # " $& >"- / $" #. < % /" # 8 C& # " A $& &* >$ " & # @ " A " A 8, % &* A 8 & # > $-
" @ " # $@ " , "$" ?" # " #@ C&- A# . < "" $ $# 8$ 140—160:, $# $ -
## 8 C& 8# 27—33 '.
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
167
.7. " , ".; . . , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)
RIBBON
#8 #% A& > ! , @=# $ $" @ "$" ? " * " 8 > #/ " %#, & " " $# " # & ( ') & $# # ! 8 ##. % # # & A## $#% " # " ## ? & / " %# $ $& A $" # ' $# " # - ? & ( ) $# " ## # 8 *E ## E # A ? # - ? & . #8 #% "$" ? # #"& & & " #"$&*%- # & > Ribbon ( #". 1).
. 1 0 Ribbon
" " # * 8# 8 &* # Ribbon, $"& #8 ? & >- #A >E @ " #@ [1]. " % " 8# #8 &* >8 $> # 8 ' #& >8 & 8 $# #%A & ## & > Ribbon, " #8 &=# $ 15—20 8# . " ""8 # * 8# 8 &*, " #8-&=# 200—250 8# . ' E # A ? # > 8# 8 & " = " >E .
& A# #%A & # " $#8 # 8 & > Ribbon " " # #%C$:
–" & # # $ ' ! 8 & >;
–& # & A A ($# # ).
& #8 " @ 8 # , $% & % & > * # 12 & . ' / ? #%A & > 144 & > " 12 & 8# Ribbon, / & $ 12 '. " " # * # #- > , # 8 "#8 &* " ' 24, $ & A## Ribbon #"& ' # " 6 %.
< # # " # # !#%#-8 # " # #"$> #/ " & 8# $% & , % ? > ? "$@ $ " , #%A & >8 $ # # / & A##.
0 +
1. ( . ., + # [ # f. ""& # # E # ! $- # " # ? , $=# & 8 // < 8#& . 2012. R 1. D. 10—13.
168
. . , .; - . . ! , . . ., .; . . 1 4 , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)
! M % ? # #"$&*% " C& >/ ?- 8 # " #/ 8$& " ( ) $ C& # " 8 8 # &- #@ ( ). &@ " ? # &* >/ & ? >/ $# 8 (http://etm.mpei.ru) # C& > ? # # (http://ftemk.mpei.ac.ru/ctlw). ' " " ## " ? # 8# A " " > ? % &* > "-* A $& # " #8 @=# " >$= > C& > ? > $" ?# & $& #/ $A # ? & « ».
" / $# #$, % & >/ " " % # C& > ?- # $ , " " # 8, ? % >/ ? # & " #%?> >8
#&@ " ? "* ? #8>/ 8 # & & " $& #/ $ - A #. & , & A $& # " # " # # # &* >/ ? # " ? % A .
? # $" & " ? / HTML-" # >, > %8 = @ " " >/, A !# " #/ 8 # & # flash- #, #8# @=# $""> # & # , $@=# C& # " # 8 # & . < # % ? ? # #"$&*% $> ? # # ? > $" ?#/ [1–3].
? # #8 ? @ "#" 8 #A ## $ % & 8 # $%- & 8. #% A& % # " &* >8# $" 8# & %$- & # $# A 8 # & .
& $? ## > "#/ ? # $? & "* % $ - ? * #8 @=#/" 8 # &, $& # * ? &*E# " % & . " ? # % " " , $? % ! 8 HTML # %8 = " / ! > M .
& >/ ? # #"$&*% " " 8# & $A # %- =# 8 & ? > ? , % 8, C % 8 8 $# # # /,
#$# #" # / ! 8 #% # " .
0 +
1.. . & # " 8 # & # . & #- " 8 # & # . & #% & # > 8 # &>. { " * 1: ?. $" ?# & % .-. "$. .: E , 2005.
2.! . . # & # # & A# " # > 8 #- & : ?. & % . .: '>"E. E ., 2007.
3.0. . & # " 8 # & # . < # > , $&$# > # 8 A # > 8 # &>: ?. $" ?# & % .-. "- $. .: « ?-8 # " #/ $ ? % #@ & %- 8 "$», 2008.
169
. . / 3 , .; . . . / , . ( 71$, 2. )
' " = 8 $> & A# " # " #"$&*% @- " 8 A 8$> $>, > >$& @ " , $#& , " #"- $&*% # 8 8 > # &@8# # > E# . ' $"" # C "$& ## C A 8 # & A# " # " #8# " /, 8 && A# " / $8>E& " # "& # $>E > 8$ # A ""# / " >, $#" # # " # % " #"& # # @=# $" /,$# # $>E #@ "$# & # A $ [1].
#8 #% "$" ? " # # $* C& # " / C A## & " #"$&*% # C&$=# "8 % , A 8 8 &- " #8# # @=#8# $" 8# $8 = " $8 >/ C&$>/ 8 # &, >/ $% & % # &* # * $& = * # # # 8 " 8>8 " #%# * "$# & # - A $ [2].
# " #8 % &* 8 $#8 # $& A 8 A 8 # & "- = # $A "$# & # 8 " # ##, % =##"& # # % E # A # @=# $" /, #, "& " # , #" &@ # / > #" #/ $8 A - 8 " # ##. # " #/ % &* " #A " 8, #"$&*- % C # " #/ "$& A &/-# #/-& A ? & @ # 8- & FeGa4 # $E & % >/ "$>& >/, & $& "8 "* # " " % @=#/ 8 # &.
"$> # $% , $# 8 &* / 8$ $> "- $# & # ? & > / $ 8 *-8 * # 8 *- &&@8# #/ " #"$&*% # 8 $& " # A C&$A 8 # & " # @ $ "$# & # 27 %, $ 8 *-A !# 18 % .
< % &* 8 $> C "$#8 ?>& > & , #"- $&*% 8 # &, 8 " #%# * "$# & # "#&* > - > " # #/ 25—30 %. #8 ? % 8, #"$&*% # A 8- # & 8 > $8 ? & > " # #/ $% & " = " " #%# * $ "$# & # "#&* > - > " # # .
0 +
1. D # # $* # $>E # " # "#&* > > "- # #/ / . . ' # , .D. ? " " # , . . " & # . // & 8- # . 2011. R3.
2. . ., +! '. ., ' F * .. 8 & " $ - > # C& # " # # =# " / "#&* > " /" // %. &. V 8 . !. « # &> # $> # C " 8 &* > "& # », # . 2008.
170
*. . / , .; . '. . , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)
U# C& # " # $# &> — C& # " # $# &> # & # > A #%8 , ? "& & > "$" ? " *@ & # / ?> * #" # 8# C& # " A # >"$* " C& #- " # $# . ' C "$#8 #%8 " % " * $# & 8 8 8# #, @= ?# C& # " @ #- " *, 8 ? " # $"" [1].
""8 # " 8 8?-# # % # # ?#$ - # & . D A& " / ## $# # % # # % " # $ - # & — 8 "$& # # $ ? " > & / 8 8? >. ?> % @ $# &> /" # # $# &> $. < # &, % # @=#/ ?& A %? #@ #, %> @ «$ - # & 8 /" # ». < # &, % # @=#/ &* 8 " - & & ( "# &* % 8), %> @ " # " #8 ?#$# & 8 ($# & 8 $).
< > C "$#8 > $ #%8 #@ ?#$# & & " #"$&*% # 8 # " &* A &* 8 '7-21. < >8 #%8 #/ "" # " % # ?#$# & (U"), #"$"# (D), "-& # ( ), # &* >/ # & % #/ (DinU) # C!- !# # # ## (K ). ""& "* $# &>: F — ?#$# & & / # "# &* % 8, <F — ?#$# & $/ # "#- &* % 8, K-$# & — ?=#/ $# & & — ?#$# & A & > "# &* % 8. F # ?#$# & $# > ?- .
F |
K-$# & |
<F |
|||||
U", 8' |
70,7 |
65,03 |
76,33 |
71,73 |
76,83 |
75,37 |
|
D |
32,14 |
34,67 |
33,1 |
14,64 |
3,35 |
3,12 |
|
5,67 |
5,89 |
5,75 |
3,83 |
1,83 |
1,77 |
||
DinU |
2,57 |
2,67 |
2,6 |
1,73 |
0,83 |
0,8 |
|
K |
8,02 |
9,05 |
7,54 |
5,33 |
2,38 |
2,34 |
|
0 +
1. + .(. U# !#%# . U# !#%# & > $"" . .: '>"E E & , 1987.
171
*.7. , .; - .7. / , .; '.1. < , . . ., . (#$ « % »)
" E " & A# " # $"" #%A & # $# " A & ( ') # $# " A ? & ( ) " %#, # - @= / " > $"" C "$& ## $# % # #@ # % #- #@ $" > 8# =# $ $# " A & . "$ - & # 8# =# $ ' # 8# =# $ # %8 "# ? &*E# " "& "& / >/ . # =# >, "$&- > $ ', 8 A "#&* * 8 # " # #" # # , " # * 8 # " @ $" *, " * $""> " # , $#- # * $& # &* >8 $8, " # * C!!# # % # $#- " # & [1, 2].
' # 8 # " # A % ' #A @ &* & - & A## $#% " # % ? # 8 # " # ' D.
' ? ""8 &A # 8 $& # " # & " " #$# " # & $# % /" ## #? # > A % . < & $ % /" # #? ## $# " & , %8 =-$# " 8 8 & A#$# " / " ## $# " A ? & [3]. < # > " > #%8 # ! ## 8 & # / $" " # ?- > ' #? ## $# % > 8 > $8 .
"$&*% # $& > % #"#8 " / $% & " = " # * >- ? $#8 &* > #8 #%A & # # C "$& ## ' # "- ## & ? "$# % / 8 # " / " # $& @- = / "#" 8>.
< & 8 # # "# " # " 8# =# $#- " 8 & $# % /" ## $#% &* > 8 # " # A % . <- % , % # &* # &* A %8 8# =#- >, % # @= / $# #%A & ## ', $# # % # &* 8 "- = #@ 8 # "$& # ? > .
0 +
1.. . $# " # ? . 2- #% . .: A 8#% , 1991.
2.A !" A\. ! #. ' & $# . % . « #», 1998.
3.' . . &A " * $# " # & "& # #%8 # " /" 8 # & // F & ?.: # A " 8 . 2000.
172
'. . # , .#. , " 0; - *. . > 0 , . . ., .; . . , . . ., . . . (#$ « % »)
-
D 8# &* 8# # @ #% # C& 8 C& / # # $#- & ? #8 " # # %8 A C!! # C& !#- %# " # #" # #. < # #""& ## $& / " > ?- #8 # > * # $" # / $& # #- " # #, % #" =# $# # "$& # C& # " A $&$#$" 8 "& .
& #""& # # #8 $>& # $8 > $ - " # / $& # BST (x = 0,3) ?>& #%A & " # ? % 8- 8 '{ #-$& %8 >8 "$>& # 8. ' 8 $>& # $& "- " & & 15 8# 2 $# $# > "& # (8 = " * '{ %-— 400 ' , " " ? A A % — Ar/O2 = 2/1, & # ? / 8 — 10–4 ). ' " $& # ?>& >? "# &&, " # E " * $" # A " " & & 39 8. %- 8 # &=# > $& # #""& # # $" # $#& "* $# $8 =# $# " A (& % A ) " # @= A 8# "$ Olympus LEXT OLS 4000 $# & > 405 8.
. 1. $" & * & / F ! BST !| ). ( - $" !| ) ! BST $ )! )
% % &* #%8 #/, $" & > #".1, "& , $# ## 8 # $>& # $& # BST ( "& &* , $# - ## &=# >) " # E " * $" #% " , $>E % # E " # $& #.
173
. . , 1 , 0; . '. . , . . ., " . (#$ « % »)
'" = 8 & " % # ? #8> 8$> "& #/
? &*E# $#% " > # !#" > $8 = # " ? & E# #"$&*% @ " #% 8$> %#" # > A % >
" #/, 8 #"& # # # " / |
|||||
" ## ("8. #" ). ' /E#8 C&- |
|||||
8 8 " ## |
A & |
& " |
|||
#% & # >/ |
"& / |
8 %#" # >8 |
|||
A &* >8 C& 8 8 # $" 8 A- |
|||||
& , ? "$# @=#/ % =# A &*- |
|||||
A C& 8 % /" # E / " > |
|||||
# 8 "$& # 8$> $ |
|||||
$" A & . " >8 #- |
|||||
" # 8 #% & # A "& A & - |
|||||
1. # !" $!- |
" " |
"$# & # |
# 8 " * #% & ##, |
||
! * & F +- |
$& @=# A # #C& # " # $ - |
||||
| & + % : |
# 8 C& 8 " ## [1]. |
||||
1 — #/ "$# &* >/ |
|||||
A &* >/ C& 8 #- |
& " "$# & # #% & ## >- |
||||
8 8 D1; 2 — #% & # >/ |
#% & ## " ? " 8 & / |
||||
"& / A A &* A |
&=# > dx, #8 @=#/ # x, " #- |
||||
C& 8 ; 3— " &* / $" " |
|||||
# 8 8 D2 # &=# / ¥; |
> 8 @ A & . |
||||
4 — #% @= |
" # " # " 8 # +dx |
||||
$> # ; 5 — 8 & " |
8 $& A * # /. A "$#- |
||||
" # " = / " ## |
& # |
" |
#% & ## &=# / |
dx |
|
?& A & / |
# I (1): |
||||
dRx = ³2dx/(2´xl). |
(1) |
||||
8 " * " &=# / d (2): |
|||||
C1-3 = 2´µ0µ2l/ln(D2/D1). |
(2) |
||||
% & # >/ "& / A & 8 ?> * >$& #% % > #C& # " # 8 # & . ' " = 8 « » "# %#- > > #C& # " # 8 # &> " ! "! &* # (M ), ? "$# @=# >" #/ * # " # #" # .
0 +
1. ' ) . ., . . # &> C& / # #. D<?.: *, 2003.
174