Файл: Embedded system development and labs for ARM (R. Muresan, 2005).pdf

Embedded Systems Development and Labs; The English Edition

Figure 2-2 Interface of Embest IDE

2. Features of Embest IDE

Embest IDE can be run under various operating systems such as Windows 98, 2000, NT, XP etc. It mainly supports ARM processors (currently ARM7 and ARM 9 series). The first version of Embest IDE for ARM was finished in 2001. The latest version is the 2003 Embest IDE for ARM.

The following are the important features of Embest IDE for ARM:

●Supported programming languages: C and assembly.

●Friendly and convenient interface: Microsoft Visual Studio user like interfaces.

●Project Manager: Graphic project management tools that organize and manage the source code files. It provides Windows for compiling, linking, library settings. Multiple software projects or multiple library projects can be managed in the same work zone.

●Source Code Editor: Standard text editor that supports color display for key words, syntax key word etc. The IDE also provides find string engine for quick search.

●Compile Tool: The GCC from GNU has been optimized and strictly tested in Win32 environment. The IDE provides a graphic compiler setting interface. The user can use simple, fast, and direct settings for a project compilation. The output of the compilation information is clear and organized for the users to quickly locate the syntax errors in their source code.

●Debugger: Source code level debugging. The debugger provides two debugging ways that are graphic interface debugging and command line debugging. The debugger is capable of setting break points, single step source code execution, exception processing, peer or modify memory, register values and variables,

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peer the function stack, disassembly code, etc.

●Debug Device: Embest JTAG Emulator. One of its ends is DB25 interface that connect to the parallel port of a PC, another end is an IDC plug that connects to the JTAG interface of the target board. Users can use Embest IDE and Embest JTAG Emulator together for software development. Embest IDE also supports universal JTAG cables connectivity.

●Off-line debugging: Embest IDE for ARM provides an ARM instruction emulator. Users can debug ARM application software on PC without the target hardware connected.

●A rich set of sample programs: Provides sample programs for debugging and usage descriptions for ARM processors from many companies such as Atmel, Samsung, Cirrus Logic, OKI, etc.

●On-line Help: English and Chinese version on-line helps files.

When developing embedded software, the first step is the design, the second step is the programming, and the third step is the debugging. A few thousand lines program could have no warnings in the compilation, but will not meet the requirements when executed in hardware. Or, the program will cause system collapse and no startup. Errors such as run time random problems and system collapse are hard to solve. The Embest IDE debugger and debug devices provide Windows debugging environment for program loading, execution, run time control and monitoring of various debug information.

The Embest debugging functions include:

●Break points: Break point setting, break point shielding, break point cancellation, conditional break point, break point listing.

●Single step execution of programs.

●Variable monitoring functions: Variable value display can be changed while the program is executing, variables can also be modified at run time.

●Memory content display and modification, memory content display format setting.

●Stack display.

●Graphic interface debugging and command line debugging.

●Multiple display mode for the same source code: the source code can be displayed as source, assembly or mixed source/assembly.

●Provides MS Visual Studio like debug menu: Go, Stop, Step into, Step over, Step out, Run to Cursor, etc.

●Program uploads and downloads.

2.1.2 Embest Emulator for ARM JTAG

JTAG emulator is also called JTAG debugger. The JTAG emulator communicates with the ARM core through a JTAG loop interface. This debugging method doesn’t need to use the main resources on the chip. It doesn’t need the target memory and it doesn’t occupy any peripheral ports of the target system.

Because the target programs are executed by the target board, the emulation is closer to the hardware. Some interfacing problems such as high frequency restriction, AC and DA parameter matching problems, length of wires, etc have been minimized. The combination of IDE and JTAG Emulator is the most commonly used way of debugging. The Embest Emulator for ARM is shown in Figure 2-3.

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Embedded Systems Development and Labs; The English Edition

Figure 2-3: Embest Emulator for ARM JTAG

2.1.3 Flash Programmer

After the programming is finished, the user needs to download the binary code into the flash memory for run time testing. Embest Inc. provides a Flash Programmer that allows the user to directly write the flash of the development board. (The Flash Programmer needs to work together with the Embest Emulator for ARM JTAG.) The windows interface is shown in Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4 Flash Programmer Windows

The following are the features of the Flash Programmer:

●Supports all ARM7 and ARM 9 microprocessors: ATMEL AT91, INTEL 28 Series, SST 29/39/49 series.

●Flash empty memory space checking, memory erasing; memory programming, file verification, protection and uploading.

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●Specific memory sector operations without changing other memory sectors.

●8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit read/write width.

●Support for 1 to 4 flash chips programming, program files doesn’t need to be split

●Support for Windows 98, 2000, NT and XP operating systems.

2.1.4 Embest S3CCEV40 Development Board

Embest S3CEV40 is the hardware platform of the Lab development system. It is an ARM development board developed by Embest Inc. with full functions. This board provides various resources and is based on the Samsung S3C44B0X microprocessor (ARM7TDMI). The hardware consists mostly of commonly used devices to develop an embedded system. These devices are serial port, Ethernet port, voice output port, LCD and TSP touch screen, 4x4 small keyboard, Solid-State Hard Disc, Flash, SDRAM, etc. After this course, users could not only finish the examples that are provided by the Lab system, but also could build their own target systems. The hardware platform is shown in Figure 2-5.

Figure 2-5 Lab System Hardware Platform

The following are the basic features of the S3CEV40 development board:

●Power supply: 5V power supply or USB power supply via PC, LED power status display, 500mA fuse.

●1M x 16 bit Flash

●4 x 1M x 16 bit SDRAM

●4Kbit IIC bus serial EEPROM

●2 serial ports: one is a simple interface port, another is a full interface port that can be connected to the RS232 MODEM

●Reset switch

●Two interrupt buttons, two LEDs

●IDE hard disk interface

●LCD and TSP touch screen interfaces

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●20 pin JTAG interface

●USB connector

●4x4 keyboard interface

●Four 2 x 20 extended CPU interfaces

●10 Mb/s Ethernet interface

●8 segment LED

●Microphone input port

●IIS voice signal output port that can be connected to a two channel speaker

●16M x 8 bit Solid-State Hard Disc

●320x240 LCD panel with a touch screen panel

2.1.5 Connection Cables and Power Adapters

Besides the above components, the Lab system also provides cables for interconnections including a network cable, a USB cable, a serial cable, a parallel cable, 2 JTAG cable (20 pins and 16 pins). The lab system also provides a 5V power adapter for the Embest S3CEV40 board.

2.2 The Installation of Lab Development system

The Embest ARM Lab system consists of Embest IDE, Flash programmer, Embest Emulator for ARM JTAG, Embest S3CEV40 development board, various cables and a power adapter. The software platform is composed of the Embest IDE and the Flash programmer. The rest are part of the hardware platform. This section is mainly about how to install and setup the software platform. The software platform installation includes:

●Embest IDE installation

●Embest Flash Programmer installation

2.2.1 The Installation of Embest IDE

Insert the “Embest IDE for ARM Software Installation CD” into your CD-ROM, an the installation process is automatically started. This is shown in Figure 2-6. Click “ENGLISH”, and a new interface will shown (See Figure 2-7).

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Embedded Systems Development and Labs; The English Edition

Figure 2-6 Embest IDE Installation Interface

Figure 2-7 Installation Software Selection Interface

Select “Embest IDE for ARM 2003”, click on the name of the software and run the installation. This is shown in Figure 2-8 and Figure 2-9.

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Figure 2-8 Installation Program Boot Interface

Figure 2-9 Select Type of Setup

After the installation, the system will prompt you to reboot the computer. After the computer is rebooted, an icon of Embest IDE will be displayed on the desktop. Double click on this icon to run Embest IDE. When the Embest IDE is first time started, the software will prompts to a registration dialog box as shown in Figure 2-10.

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Figure 2-10 Registration Information Dialog

After you fill correctly the user information, click on the “Generate Key.dat” button. The software will generate a key.dat file in the License subdirectory. Send the key.dat file to Licenses@embedinfo.com via email. The user will receive a License.dat file in 24 hours. Copy the License.dat file to the License subdirectory. Restart the IDE, and the Embest IDE will work properly.

2.2.2 The Installation of Flash Programmer

Refer to Figure 2-7, select “Embest Online Flash Programmer” and run the installation. An interface as shown in Figure 2-11 will be started.

Figure 2-11 Flash Programmer Installation Interface

Follow the installation steps and finish the installation.

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2.2.3 The Interconnection of Software and Hardware Platforms

As shown in Figure 2-12, the Emulator is connected to the PC via a parallel cable and is connected to the target board via a 20-pin JTAG cable.

Figure 2-12 Lab Platform Interconnection Diagram

2.3 Lab Development System Hardware Circuits

2.3.1 An Overview of the Lab Development system Hardware 1. Embest ARM Lab Development system

The Embest ARM Development system block diagram is shown at Figure 2-13.

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Figure 2-13 Embest S3CEV40 Function Block Diagram

2. Memory System

The Lab system has one 1Mx16 Flash chip (SST39VF160) and a 4Mx16 SDRAM chip (HY57V65160B). The flash chip interconnection diagram is shown in Figure 2-14. The pin nGCS0 of 44B0X microprocessor chip is connected to the pin nCE of SST39VF160 flash chip. Because the flash chip is 16 bit, the address bus A1-A20 of 44B0X CPU is connected to the A0-A19 of the SST39VF160 flash chip. The memory space address of the Flash is 0x000000-0x00200000.

The SDRAM circuit interconnection diagram is shown at Figure 2-15. The SDRAM has four banks. Each bank has 1Mx16 bit. The address of the bank is decided by pin BA1 and BA0: 00 selects Bank0, 01 selects bank1, 10 selects Bank2, and 11 selects Bank3. The row address pulse RAS and the column address pulse CAS are used in addressing each banks. The Lab system provides jumpers for the users to upgrade the capability of SDRAM up to 4x2M x16 bit. The upgrade method is done by connecting the pin BA0, BA1 of SDRAM chip to the pins A21, A22, A23 of CPU chip. The SDRAM will be the chip selected by a specified chip selection signal nSCS0 of the CPU. The SDRAM memory space is 0x0C000000-0x0C8000000.

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Figure 2-14 Flash Interconnection Circuit Diagram

Figure 2-15 SDRAM Interconnection Circuit Diagram

3. IIC EEPROM Interface

The Lab system provides a 4Kb EEPROM chip (AT24C04) that supports the IIC bus. The IIC is a two direction, two wires serial simple bus that is used for internal IC control. The data transfer speed is 100kb/s in the standard mode. The data transfer speed can be as high as 400kb/s in the high-speed mode.

4. Serial Interface

The serial interface of the circuit is shown in Figure 2-16. The Lab system provides two serial ports (DB9). One is the main port UART1 that is used to communicate with the PC or the MODEM. Because the S3C44B0X doesn’t provides the I/O modem interface signals DCD, DTR, DSR, RIC, the MCU general purpose I/O must be used. The other serial interface is UART0 that has two wires RxD and TxD for simple data receiving/transmitting. The UART1 port uses MAX3243E for voltage conversion. The UART0 uses MAX3221E for voltage conversion.

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