Файл: Л.А. Бердюгина Английский язык. Контрольные работы для студентов заочной формы обучения.pdf

IV. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. The food people eat is associated with certain colors.

2.We know Robert Burns is the most famous Scottish poet.

3.The knowledge you acquire is very useful.

V. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. There remains one more test to be carried out before using this device.

2.Don’t forget to air the laboratory after the experiment.

3.To automate these operations we are to produce more systems working to pre-programmed plan.

4.It is interesting to teach and to be taught.

VI. Прочтите и переведите текст. Перепишите и переведите 2-й и 3-й абзацы.

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MUST BE GLOBAL

1. That the problem of pollution and ecology has become the most important one for mankind is evident to all. The more civilization is developing, the greater the ecological problems are becoming . Air and water pollution by industry is now reaching tremendous proportions. In our era it is changing from a national to an international problem.

2.However, our scientific knowledge and technological advancement make it possible to eliminate pollution, if people use good will and make considerable investments for that purpose. The development of natural resources on a global scale is already possible from a scientific and technical standpoint. Large-scale experimental work in this area is successfully being carried out.

3.At present scientists in industrially developed countries are working on the theory of interaction of all the atmospheric and oceanic global processes that determine the climate and weather of the world. Increasing growth of popula-

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tion, industrialization and the use of resources are slowly but surely changing the global climate and water balance.

4. The essential feature in the environment protection is that many problems can be solved only on the level of world community. Therefore the planning of protection against pollution by human society as a whole is imperative today and in the nearest future. It is necessary to develop an international program to study data on land, forest, atmospheric and oceanic resources.

VII. Прочтите 4-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

What must be done to deal successfully with the problem of protecting the environment throughout the world ?

1. Planning and developing international programs to study ecological data.

2.Reducing the number of cars and lorries.

3.Studying the theory of interaction of the atmospheric and oceanic global processes.

ВАРИАНТ IV

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения.

1. A new concept is based on our understanding that Earth is an integral system.

2.The air in many towns and cities is being polluted by traffic and industry.

3.In the First and Second World Wars London was mined considerably.

4.Our power stations have been connected by high-voltage transmission lines into several networks.

II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. It is well-known that technological progress is impossible without electronics, computers, robots and new materials.

2.That ecological problems have become the most important ones at present is evident to all.

3.It is difficult for mankind to predict changes in the environment accurately.

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III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. Mankind has never experienced changes in life and work on such a scale.

2.Electricity has many important applications in industry as well as in our houses.

3.Within a few coming years a quantity production of various materials is to begin in space.

IV. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1. The experimental computing machine the scientist demonstrated had been developed for five years.

2. A new method of cooling the laboratory tests can generate cryogenic temperatures of 200°C below zero.

V. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. The radar detects the stationary objects ahead of the car to warn the driver about them and slow down the speed.

2.Copernics was the first to explain properly our solar system.

3.To work with computer was not new to many of us.

4.It was pleasant to be helping him again.

VI. Прочтите и переведите текст. Перепишите и переведите 2-й и 3-й абзацы.

ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF BIG CITIES

1. There are over 150 supercities in the world with population from one to 15 million and more. Tokyo, New York, London, Mexico City, Rio de Janeiro and Moscow are just a few of the cities which have become supercities.

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2.People in the supercities suffer from polluted environment: bad water, bad air and noise. A new term, urban climate, is used now for such cities. It means high temperature, oppressive atmosphere and intensive smog.

3.Some experts consider that it is practically impossible to protect the big cities from pollution. The World Health Organization (WHO) studied air pollution around the world for over eight years. It measured two things: the level of sulphur dioxide (S02) in the air and the level of smoke. Sulphur dioxide and smoke pollute water and have serious effect on forest, buildings and health of people.

4.In the WHO report it is shown that the cities with the most considerable level of S02 in the air are Milan, Teheran, Prague, Santiago and Sao Paulo. However, some cities with clean air get worse in winter. Helsinki, for example, becomes one of the cities with the largest proportion of it in the air in winter. This must be connected with the heating of houses. One can also mention Glasgow and Warsaw which suffer in the same way.

VII. Прочтите 4-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос:

Why do some cities with clean air become worse in winter ? 1. ......... because of smog.

2. ......... because of the heating of houses

3. ......... because of bad water.

ВАРИАНТ V

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения.

1.He was caught driving over the speed limit and fined.

2.The ventilator engine will be mounted in the experimental passenger plane.

3.Research is being carried out for developing new composite materials to lighten aircraft structure.

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II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. The aim of today’s foreign policy is that peace in the world should be permanent.

2. Last summer I read many English articles, and my friend read some German ones.

3.It is important to understand the fundamentals of this science.

III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1.Car drivers have to obey traffic rules.

2.We didn’t have a microwave earlier but we do now. 3.“Aborigines” are the first or original inhabitants of a country.

IV. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.

1.The scientist I know went to India on business last year. 2.It is the most exciting holiday she has ever had.

3.The problem they wanted to discuss was very difficult.

V. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1.Another passenger on board helped to save passengers.

2.One of the best ways to keep the car speed steady is to use a computer.

3. To understand why light from the laser is so concentrated you must know that light travels in waves.

4.The optical disks were and are used to record video-films, but in a continuous spiral rather than digitally.

VI. Прочтите и переведите текст. Перепишите и переведите 1-й и 2-й абзацы.

affections of respiratory ducts – заболевания дыхательных путей

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WOMEN AND ENVIRONMENT

1.Women are increasingly being addressed as the main responsible actors in environmental contexts. Technological rationalization has produced environmental problems such as heaps of packaging waste, nondegradable plastics, poisoned grounds and water, allergies through use of chemicals in cosmetics, food, detergents. The “ecologically responsible house wife”, thus, is a good economical manager. She economizes energy. She is to be an expert in waste reduction, in cultivating her own vegetables and fruits, of course without using pesticides.

2.Women in their roles as child caretakers, nurses, shoppers and purchasers, waste managers, houseworkers, are especially confronted with environmental problems and communal politics. They have to overcome a lot of difficulties: bad connections with public transport services, no buses in evening and night hours. Too short crossing phases for pedestrians, long shopping routes, bad air, allergies and affections of respiratory ducts, badly designed flats. Women want to be involved in planning processes and be taken seriously as experts with practical experience, not only at home and at their places of work but also in politics, administration, science and in the economy.

3.Men also consume. And men produce waste too, - frequently toxic waste such as paint, photo chemicals, car maintenance waste. Thus, men have to become addresses of environmental education classes as well. They must also consider their environmental responsibility, for example when buying electronic gauges, to act out their do-it-yourself ambitions or to mountain bike in the woods.

VII. Прочтите 1-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос:

What is the role of women in environmental contexts? 1.Women are considered to play the main role.

2.Women aren’t confronted with environmental problems. 3.It is not so important as men’s one.

Контрольное задание № 4

Для успешного выполнения задания необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

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