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TO BUILD A REAL EURASIA: FEW
JURIDICAL IDEAS
Marius Vacarelu
Dr.,
National School of Political and Administrative Studies
(Bucharest, Romania)
Trying to speak about continental political constructions, we
need to understand their limits. Inside all human institutions there
is a limit, because the possibility to create something able to satisfy
always all interest is impossible.
In this case, we must look to the theories. All of them underline
that in the moment when few great people want to introduce big
ideas on public debate, a lot of critics will appear, not trying to
accept and correct the positive aspects of these activities, but only
speaking about the limits (economics, politics, human relations,
etc.).
Eurasia is a big idea only if we want to thing to it; more than
that — is a big idea if someone will try to explain this to the world.
However, the dimension of these continents is huge, and a scientist
will see easier the limits of this construction. And, when human
society will be prepared, it could be a possibility to create a new
European, maybe, after European Union model.
Inside all of these facts, Eurasian idea must be analyzed sine
ira et studio (without hate and with morality), and few important
aspects are brought by the national legislations and by the people
who believe in them. Our text tries to describe some problems of this
important equation, between ideas and legal possibilities to fulfill
them.
222
1.
The question of Eurasia is an Eurasian question or only a
single country question?
Why this?
Because, as always, when we analyze «the political constructions»,
we must note the difficulties to have a single vocabulary for every
person who have access to the concept — as the main obstacle to
construct … something.
Thus, out text will speak about Eurasia. It’s a concept with great
socio-politic importance, and — following this idea, we’ll use to
describe it two important search engines and its documents, to
present «popular» (in fact, public) access to information about the
concept.
Google reports 15,500,000 notes about Eurasia, and 8,500,000 to
the question: What is Eurasia?
Wikipedia has its own page about Eurasia
1
, where it can be read:
• Eurasia
is a continent or super-continent covering about
52,990,000 km
2
(20,846,000 mi
2
) or about 10.6% of
the Earth’s surface (36.2% of the land area) located primarily
in the eastern and northern hemispheres. Physio-graphically,
it is a single continent, comprising the traditional continents
of Europe and Asia (with
Eurasia
being a portmanteau of the
two); the concepts of Europe and Asia as distinct continents date
back to antiquity and their borders are geologically arbitrary.
Eurasia, in turn, is part of the yet larger landmass of Afro-
Eurasia, whereby Eurasia is joined to Africa at the Isthmus
of Suez. Eurasia is inhabited by almost 4 billion people,
more than 72.5% of the world’s population (60% in Asia and
12.5% in Europe);
• Eurasia
is also sometimes used in geopolitics to refer
to organizations of or affairs concerning the post-Soviet
states, in particular Russia, the Central Asian republics,
and the Transcaucasian republics. A prominent example
of this usage is in the name of the Eurasian Economic
1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasia.
Геополитика многополярного мира. Доклады и тезисы
223
Community, the organization including Kazakhstan,
Russia, and some of their neighbors, and headquartered
in Moscow and Astana. The word «Eurasia» is often used
in Kazakhstan as the name of the continent or region in
which that country is located. Numerous institutions in that
country use it in their name, e.g., L. N. Gumilev Eurasian
National University, the Eurasian Media Forum, the Eurasian
Culture Foundation, the Eurasian Development Bank , or the
Eurasian Bank. In 2007, Kazakhstan’s President Nursultan
Nazarbayev proposed that a «Eurasia Canal« be built to
connect the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea via the Kuma
- Manych Depression in Russia, providing Kazakhstan and
other Caspian-basin countries with a more efficient access
path to the ocean than the existing Volga-Don Canal. This
usage is somewhat analogous to the U.S. usage of the
term
Western Hemisphere
when referring to the concepts
and organizations dealing with the Americas (e.g., Council
on Hemispheric Affairs or Western Hemisphere Institute for
Security Cooperation)
1
.
These texts are public and very easy to be found by anyone. The
last site with great importance for our question (What is Eurasia)
is www.eurasiancenter.org, an important site from Unites States of
America. We present it here, because today it is considered the US as
the single global power, so, we must be concern about the initiatives
started from this part of the word.
2.
On the other part, the main wisdom in Eurasian problems
belongs o both continents — because the common history speaks
louder. In the same time, on this big scientific and concept map the
main role of debate belongs, naturally, to Russia and to Russian
specialists.
1
This description is used at the bottom of the page, so, we can understand
the option of the page author (and of a lot people, because this site is created
by »everyone»).
Vacarelu Marius
To build a real Eurasia: few juridical ideas
224
• In this case, we must note also few ideas:
• Russia is the country to have the biggest part of its territory
on both continents
12
, but its position is not perfectly favorable
to develop a total discourse on Eurasia, because the most
emergent part of it is situated in Europe
3
;
• Russia represents a perfect roof for the world — in this
case, its Eurasian idea represents a correspondence with a
human body with two special arms: the body is settled in
northern Siberia, near the Arctic Ocean. In the same time,
the arms has a double significance: a left arm who keep a
shield in the Asian direction (mainly China — for extension,
yellow race people), and the right one, the most efficient and
productive, is stretched to the Europe. In this case, we must
note something special: the left had defended Europe from
the Vladivostok to the Pamir Mountains, and the right one
is over the Moscow and Petersburg. So, a logic question:
where is situated the sight of Russia? In our opinion, this
is settled to a big area, with a fragmented history: Central
Asia — Caspian Sea — Black Sea, as always in the history
of humanity, from the North (Sever) to the South (Yugo);
• Eurasia is a new concept for history — it appeared in the 19
th
century, and only because it was on that time two empires
who were important position on both continents: Russian and
Turkish one. In this case, we must note an analogy: Christian
Russia was opposed to Muslim Turkey on the same logic met
after 1945 between Soviet Union and United States;
• Eurasia is an old concept related to European union, because
the unionist ideas on Europe was blocked always by the
presence of Muslim Constantinople, and, more than that, by
the internal battle between main European land powers (with
a «big brother» behind — Great Britain);
1
Turkey has less.
2
In a lot of European institution (as football or music) Israel is included in
Europe.
3
Despite the land reality.
Геополитика многополярного мира. Доклады и тезисы
225
• If Russia is the main territory for this idea, we must note
that in the 21
st
century ideas must be kept by a stronger
population
1
; thus — the future of Eurasian ideas in Russia
must be accompanied by a better demography.
3.
Our opinion about Eurasia is expressed in a very «scholar
language» for a correct order of ideas.
Eurasia is a great political concept, but not completes, because
the map limits are not always well understand.
Looking to the world map, we must note that the human land
is separated between two big parts, understood as Old World and
New (Columbus) World. All scientists have a great problem when
the want to separate the Old world, because:
Western Europe is more or less catholic, protestant or atheist and
is strong separated by the eastern Europe (history and economy,
mainly after European Union creation;
Eastern Europe don’t have a real limit, because Russia is situated
on both continents;
Southern Europe is presented much more as part of Western
Mediterranean Sea;
Southern Europe is related — because of Gibraltar and the same
sea to Northern Africa;
Northern Africa is separated by a big desert (Sahara) to the rest of
African continent (which is much richer with mineral resources than
the Maghreb and Egypt);
Near East or Proche Orient
2
means Turkey (the other state with
double Eurasian continental dimension), Caucasus, Jordan river
territory and Egypt (a country belonging mainly to another continent
(African), with a step in Asia (by territory and history) and ho was
occupied and created as modern state by European powers of 19
th
century;
Near East is separated by the main Arabic population and energy
resources by another strong desert;
1
The catastrophic demography of Russia is not always positive to
implement big ideas abroad.
2
A French concept.
Vacarelu Marius
To build a real Eurasia: few juridical ideas