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Works Cited
1. Balkan i Balkanci, Beograd: Balkanskiinstitut, 1937
2. Đorović, Vladimir. Borba za nezavisnost Balkana, Beograd:
Balkanskiinstitut, 1937
3. Knjiga o Balkanu,Tom prvi, Beograd: Balkanski institut, 1936
4. Knjiga o Balkanu, Tom drugi, Beograd: Balkanski institut, 1937
5. Leontjev, Konstantin. Istok, Rusija i slovnstvo, Beograd: 1999
6. Srpska slobodarska misao, časopis za filozofiju, društvene nauke i
političku kritiku, broj 40, Beograd: 2006
Геополитика многополярного мира. Доклады и тезисы
NEW GLOBAL ACTORS FOR A
MULTIPOLAR WORLD
Daniele Lazzeri
Chairman of the think tank «Il Nodo di Gordio», scientific Director
of the Research Center «Vox Populi» (Italy)
The rapid political, economic and financial decline of the United
States of America, has triggered a new multilateral era.
The American has been a kind of Roman Empire, passed directly
from barbarism to decadence.
New and important global and regional players, in fact, put an
end to the excess of power of the unilateral policy «strip and star.»
In particular, the Chinese giant who, holding more than one third
of U.S. public debt, is emerging as a privileged and compulsory
interlocutor for the United States.
At the same time, the tsunami of global finance, the weakness
of the U.S. economy and the risk of a collapse of public debt and
the dollar, pose a serious problem for Beijing too, putting at risk the
currency reserves accumulated over time by China.
There are also countries like Turkey which are playing a crucial
role restoring order to the Middle East chaos and to the confusion
arising from the riots on the shores of North Africa. Riots, instigated
by the centres of power and Western interests which are destabilizing
the entire Mediterranean, with dangerous implications for the
European social stability
1
.
A strange blend of materialistic consumerism and Islamic
fundamentalism is undermining the foundations the root on which
to build our Eurasia.
1
Aa.Vv. La Profondità strategica turca nel pensiero di Ahmet Davutoğlu.
Centro Studi «Vox Populi», Pergine Valsugana 2011.
218
The scholars and friends, Alexandr Dugin and Leonid Savin,
have well-studied in recent years the Eurasian perspective, as well
as the insights made by the Research Center «Vox Populi»
1
, lead
to point out how it is achieving a just revenge of the geography
and of geopolitics on the economic interests and on the financial
alchemies of the last thirty years. As proof of this concept there
is the increasing nervousness with which the technocratic élite is
moving, exerting an unprecedented pressure against the legitimately
elected governments in Europe, but not only.
The military strategies, which have tried for decades, sometimes
with success, to divide the peoples of Eurasia, begin to become less
effective. Indeed, they risk of creating further and uncontrollable
outcomes, destabilizing entire geographical areas.
We need new languages and to rewrite the history with new
points of view. It is the important work carried out, for example, by
Augusto Grandi, economic journalist of the highest Italian financial
newspaper «Il Sole 24 Ore», who in a book, has rewritten in detail
150 of Italian history
2
.
As rightly pointed out by Andrea Marcigliano, a senior fellow of
the think tank «Gordian Knot», after the collapse of the Berlin Wall
and the implosion of the USSR «it had spread an illusory and, in
many ways, pernicious idea: the belief that we had now come to a
«unipolar» world with a single hegemonic power, the United States
of America, and, above all, with a single «culture» represented by
the free-marketism concept in economics and its liberal-democratic
«superstructure «in politics»
3
.
A concept theorized by the neoconservative, Francis Fukuyama,
in his «The End of History and the Last Man» who was forced to
revise deeply his theories, under the pressure of events of the last two
decades. Events that have cancelled the «dream of globalization»
1
www.vxp.it.
2
Auguto Grandi e Teresa Alquati, Eroi e cialtroni: 150 anni di controstoria.
Politeia, Torino 2011.
3
www.NododiGordio.org.
Геополитика многополярного мира. Доклады и тезисы
219
drowning it in a bath of healthy reality. Reality which has shown
that, after the end of the dualism of the Cold War, the world has
become, or rather has returned to be more complicated. And also,
inevitably, more dangerous. From the crisis of the former Yugoslavia
to the Maghreb, from Central Asia to Latin America, from the Dark
Continent to the Far East and everywhere have gone back to act and
powerfully to manifest the dynamics of what wouldn’t be wrong to
define the new «Great global Game». A game which no super-power
could and can really govern in solitude, especially since the epochal
economic crisis of the recent years has seriously put into question
the primacy of Washington.
Hence, inevitable, a world scenario in which various «powers»
act and interact with. Great Powers, of course, like China, resurgent
Russia and the U.S. itself, but also «medium» powers, or if we want
powers of «area», with which even the Giants are learning to deal.
And from ‹this so complex and intricate game which alone can raise
that «concert» of powers , able of reshaping the global balance.
Balances, of course, always precarious and dangerous because
continually changing. Yet the only equilibria that are emerging on
our horizon. In short, a return in grand style, to the international
politics and geopolitics. And a tombstone on the globalist utopias
and on the dream (or nightmare) of a single Giant who stood around
as planetary policeman.
Today things are very different. The recovery of different
identities, the specific political and cultural traditions must carry
us out the schematics of the recent past. There is no «Democratic
System» sole and indisputable. There are several approaches to
modernity, or to the politics of participation, of social justice, of the
equitable distribution of income and freedom. Because they move
from different cultures and traditions distinct but not incompatible
with each other.
Hence a variety of models that may well be alternative to each
other, but complementary to each other. Coexist and cooperate.
The different cultural and national resurrected or re-discovered
identities confirm the end of the long season of the blocks, can not,
Lazzeri Daniele
New global actors for a multipolar world
220
however, remind of a pure and simple return to the past. To the
past of the nation-states relegated in their particularism and their
selfishness, today in fact powerless in face of the complexity of the
world scenarios. The new actors of the Great Game, therefore, are
rather intended to be aggregates / coalitions based on a common
background, sometimes very ancient, such as Eurasian, because
prior to the crushing of «large multiple identities» in those, more
restricted, the nation states.
The birth of the Eurasian among Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus
is an important example of these new combinations to cope with
the deluge of the unique thought. A force, undoubtedly of economic
nature, which disrupts the patterns designed in Washington and that
will be attractive for many other «satellite» states in order to create
an «Eurasian constellation».
Europe, however, driven by sheer by the financial speculation in
recent months and by a short-sighted French-German chauvinism,
limps. The original error has been having staked everything on the
importance of a single currency, that Euro which today is more a
weakness than a strength for Europe, instead of working together to
design a new common policy, now shows all its limits.
We should plan the overcoming of the old patterns in the
international relations, focusing our attention in creating «cultural,
political and economic bridges» with realities kept confined to mere
business partners in the energy sector. An attempt which, thanks to
the project «Beyond Lepanto. From the clash of yesterday the cartel
today» for example, has launched new models of relations between
the Latin and Central Europe and Turkey
1
.
So how strong are the links established over the years with the
Republic of Kazakhstan and Russia.
1
www.OltreLepanto.org.
Геополитика многополярного мира. Доклады и тезисы